pa

See also: Appendix:Variations of "pa"

English

Etymology 1

Clipping of papa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɑː/
• Rhymes: -ɑː

Noun

pa (plural pas)

1. (colloquial) Father, papa.
2. (colloquial) Grandpa, grandfather.

Usage notes

• Often capitalized when used to refer to a specific person; see Pa.

Hey, Pa, I'd like you to meet my friend Jamie.

Synonyms

• (father): da (Irish) , dad, daddy, papa, pater
• (grandfather): grandpa, grandpappy

Translations

father

• Dutch: pa (nl) m
• French: papa (fr) m
• German: Vati (de) m
• Italian: papà (it) m, babbo (it) m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Macedonian: та́то m (táto)
• Portuguese: papai (pt) m, papá
• Russian: па́па (ru) m (pápa)
• Spanish: papá (es) m
• Volapük: fatül (vo)

grandfather

• Dutch: opa (nl) m
• French: pépé (fr) m
• German: Opa (de) m
• Italian: nonno (it) m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Macedonian: де́до m (dédo)
• Portuguese: vovô (pt) m, avozinho
• Russian: де́душка (ru) m (déduška)
• Spanish: abuelo (es) m, abuelito (es) m

See also

• grandpa
• ma

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Maori.

Noun

pa (plural pas)

1. a fortified Maori settlement of pre-European and early European times
2. an unfortified Maori village or settlement; a kainga

Alternative forms

• pah

Anagrams

• A&P, AP, Ap, ap, ap.

---

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch.

Noun

pa (plural pa's)

1. dad, father

Synonyms

• pappa
• vader

Antonyms

• ma

Derived terms

• oupa

---

Albanian

Etymology

From Proto-Albanian *apa, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“off, away”). Cognate to Messapic [script needed] (apa, “from, out of, by”), Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó, “away, off”), Sanskrit अप (apá).

Preposition

pa (+accusative)

1. without
2. thus, then, so

Antonyms

• me

Derived terms

• prapë
• pas

---

Anuta

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *fa, from Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.

Numeral

pa

1. four

---

Asturian

Etymology

Compare Spanish pa, a contracted form of para.

Preposition

pa

1. for

Usage notes

• The preposition pa contracts to p' before a word beginning with a- or ha-: p'Asturies (for Asturias), p'haber (for to have)

Derived terms

• p'
• pal

---

Basque

Noun

pa ?

1. kiss

---

Breton

Conjunction

pa

1. when, if

---

Catalan

Etymology

From , from Latin pānis, pānem, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to graze, feed”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian) [ˈpa]
• Rhymes: -a

Noun

pa m (plural pans)

1. bread

---

Classical Nahuatl

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /paː/

Verb

pā

1. (transitive) To dye

References

• Andrews, J. Richard (2003) Workbook for Introduction to Classical Nahuatl, revised edition edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, page 244
• Karttunen, Frances (1983) An Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl, Austin: University of Texas Press, page 182

---

Dakota

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa/

Noun

pa

1. head

References

• http://fpcctalkindian.nativeweb.org/ (Lesson Three)

---

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /paː/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aː

Noun

pa m (plural pa's, diminutive paatje n)

1. pa, dad

---

Esperanto

Interjection

pa

1. pah

---

Fala

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese pera.

Preposition

pa

1. to (indicates application of an adjective)
   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 3: Radós:

     A radón mais grandi pa defendela é que é nossa LENGUA MATERNA, a “primeira lengua que un indivíduu aprendi de maneira ínnconscienti duranti a sua infancia” i en ela han aprindiu a idel as primeiras palabras […]

     The greatest reason to defend it is that it is our NATIVE LANGUAGE, the “first language that an individual learns in an unconscious manner during his infancy” and in it learned how to say his first words […]

2. for (directed at, intended to belong to or to be appropriate for)
   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 4: ¿Guerras, moas?:

     Encontramus opiniós pa tos os gustus.

     We found opinions for every taste.

3. to, towards (indicates destination)
   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme IX, Chapter 4: ¿Fala transerrana?:

     I nos, inda hoxii, con autonomía i tó siguimus idendu: “Vo pa Castilla”, […]

     And to this day we, with autonomy and everything, keep on saying: “I’ll go to Castille”, […]

---

Guaraní

Numeral

pa

1. ten

---

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French pas.

Adverb

pa

1. not

Usage notes

• Double negatives (e.g. pa ... janm or pa ... anyen) are grammatically correct in Haitian Creole.

---

Hiw

Verb

pa

1. to finish, (be brought to an) end

Further reading

• Alexandre François, Pragmatic demotion and clause dependency: On two atypical subordinating strategies in the Lo-Toga and Hiw (Torres, Vanuatu) (2010), in Clause Linking and Clause Hierarchy (edited by Isabelle Bril)

---

Japanese

Romanization

pa

1. Rōmaji transcription of ぱ
2. Rōmaji transcription of パ

---

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese para.

Preposition

pa

1. for
2. to

---

Latvian

Preposition

pa (with accusative or dative)

1. on
2. along

   iet pa ceļu ― to walk along the road

3. to
4. in
5. through
6. during

   pa naktīm ― during night

7. by

   pa pastu ― by post

8. over

   pa radio ― over the radio

---

Mandarin

Romanization

pa

1. Nonstandard spelling of pā.
2. Nonstandard spelling of pá.
3. Nonstandard spelling of pà.

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

---

Middle English

Noun

pa

1. Alternative form of po

---

Min Nan

For pronunciation and definitions of pa – see 吧. (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 吧).

---

Occitan

Adverb

pa

1. not (indicates negation)

---

Old Prussian

Etymology

From the Proto-Indo-European root *upo- (“under, up”).

Preposition

pa

1. under

Adverb

pa

1. under

---

Palu'e

Etymology

From Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.

Numeral

pa

1. four

---

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Portuguese para and Spanish para and Kabuverdianu pa.

Preposition

pa

1. to
2. for
3. by

---

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa/

• Audio

  (file)

Interjection

pa

1. (familiar) bye

Derived terms

• (interjection) pa pa

Further reading

• Template:R:PWN

---

Portuguese

Preposition

pa

1. (Africa, rural areas of Brazil) Contraction of para.

---

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Hungarian pá.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pa]
• Rhymes: -a

Interjection

pa

1. bye

Synonyms

• la revedere

---

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Common South Slavic; compare Slovene pa, Bulgarian па (pa). See also pa-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa/

Conjunction

pa (Cyrillic spelling па)

1. (and) then (= ȍndā)

   prvo ću skočiti ja, pa ti ― I'll jump first, (and) then you

   učenje pa odmor pa zabava ― learning, then rest, then fun

2. (and) so

   potrošio sam sav novac, pa sam se morao vratiti kući ― I've spent all of my money, so I had to go back home

3. (with da or màkar) even if, even though, although
4. (with ȉpāk) (and, but) yet, still

   bogat je, pa ipak usamljen ― he's rich, but still lonely

5. (with da + i) even if

Particle

pa (Cyrillic spelling па)

1. Pa? ― And? So what?

2. (for emphasis) well, so

   Pa dobro! ― All right, then!

   Pa što je s tobom? ― What's with you?

   Pa i ne baš ― Well, not exactly

   Pa što onda? ― So what?

3. (regional, for emphasis) even

   Pa i moja baba već zna da to nije istina! ― Even my grandma knows that that is not true!

---

Shona

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-páa.

Verb

pa

1. to give

---

Skou

Noun

pa

1. water

   Móenòeng pe tue e tue pa.

   There are crocodiles in the water.

References

• Donohue, Mark. Rópu we te máwo pílang te: Skou dictionary draft. s.l. 80pp. (2002).

---

Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa/

Conjunction

pa

1. and

   Jaz pa ti. ― Me and you.

2. but

   Je dober, ne pa najbolši. ― He is good but not the best.

3. so

   Zaspal je, pa je zamudil šolo. ― He overslept, so he was late for school.

---

Spanish

Alternative forms

• pa’

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpa/ [ˈpa]

Preposition

pa

1. (colloquial) Apocopic form of para

See also

• de pe a pa

References

• Among the places this form is used is southern Arizona, per Anita Calneh Post, Southern Arizona Spanish phonology (1934), page 36: "The commonest loss of intervocalic r in southern Arizona is in para, which is always pa ..."

---

Swahili

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-páa.

Verb

-pa (infinitive kupa)

1. to give to (someone)

Usage notes

• This verb must be used with an object concord:

• Nimewakupa kitabu. ― I have given them a book.
• Nijawapa kitabu. ― I have not (yet) given them a book.

Conjugation

Conjugation of -pa (obligatory object concord)
Subjunctive -pe Negative -pi
Object concord
Indicative positive Singular Plural 1st person -nipa -tupa 2nd person -kupa -wapa/-kupeni/-wapeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mpa -wapa other classes — Reflexive -jipa Subjunctive Singular Plural 1st person -nipe -tupe 2nd person -kupe -wape 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mpe -wape other classes — Reflexive -jipe Indicative negative Singular Plural 1st person -nipi -tupi 2nd person -kupi -wapi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mpi -wapi other classes — Reflexive -jipi
Relative forms general positive (positive subject concord + object concord + -pa- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -paye -pao m-mi(III/IV) -pao -payo ji-ma(V/VI) -palo -payo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -pacho -pavyo n(IX/X) -payo -pazo u(XI) -pao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -pako pa(XVI) -papo mu(XVIII) -pamo
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -pea
  • Passive: -pewa
  • Reciprocal: -peana

• Nominal derivations:
  • mpaji

Particle

pa

1. Pa class inflected form of -a.

---

Tshobdun

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *pʷak.

Noun

pa

1. pig

Further reading

• Jackson T. S. Sun, Typology of Generic-Person Making in Tshobdun Rgyalrong (2014)

---

Walloon

Noun

pa m (plural pas)

1. father

Coordinate terms

• (gender): mame

---

Welsh

Alternative forms

• py

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *kʷid, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷid (compare *kʷis); compare Latin quid, Old Irish cid, Modern Irish cad, Cornish py, pe.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /paː/

Pronoun

pa

1. (interrogative, archaic) what

Determiner

pa

1. which

Usage notes

• The usage of pa as an interrogative has been rendered obsolete by the modern word beth, which derives from the phrase pa beth, meaning literally ‘what thing’.
• pa as a determiner tends to be replaced by pwy in Southern Welsh.

---

Zazaki

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pṓds (“foot”), cognates include Sanskrit पद् (pád), Latin pes (French pied), German Fuß, English foot.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɔː/

Noun

pa

1. (anatomy) leg, foot

---

Zou

Noun

pa

1. cousin

References

• http://www.languageinindia.com/feb2013/zouphonologyfinal.pdf