陸
|
|
Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
陸 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓中土金土 (NLGCG), four-corner 74214, composition ⿰阝坴)
Derived characters[edit]
Related characters[edit]
References[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1355, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41708
- Dae Jaweon: page 1858, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4134, character 5
- Unihan data for U+9678
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 陸 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 陆 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 陸 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | |||
Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Shizhoupian script | Small seal script |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *m·ruɡ) : semantic 阝 + phonetic 坴 (OC *m·ruɡ).
Etymology 1[edit]
Perhaps related to Proto-Wa (*[ʔ]rok, "dry land") (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
陸
- land; continent; mainland
- land route; surface transport
- Short for 中國大陸/中国大陆 (Zhōngguó dàlù, “mainland China”).
- Short for 陸軍/陆军 (lùjūn, “army”).
- a surname: Lu
Synonyms[edit]
- (land route):
Antonyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
- 下陸/下陆 (Xiàlù)
- 中國大陸/中国大陆 (Zhōngguó dàlù)
- 二陸/二陆
- 光怪陸離/光怪陆离 (guāngguàilùlí)
- 光陸離/光陆离
- 內陸/内陆 (nèilù)
- 內陸國/内陆国 (nèilùguó)
- 內陸海/内陆海
- 內陸湖/内陆湖
- 南極大陸/南极大陆 (Nánjí Dàlù)
- 古陸/古陆
- 大陸/大陆 (dàlù)
- 大陸冰川/大陆冰川
- 大陸冰河/大陆冰河
- 大陸勞工/大陆劳工
- 大陸同胞/大陆同胞
- 大陸國/大陆国
- 大陸地區/大陆地区
- 大陸坡/大陆坡
- 大陸妹/大陆妹 (dàlùmèi)
- 大陸客/大陆客
- 大陸市場/大陆市场
- 大陸政策/大陆政策 (Dàlù Zhèngcè)
- 大陸斜坡/大陆斜坡
- 大陸會議/大陆会议
- 大陸板塊/大陆板块
- 大陸架/大陆架 (dàlùjià)
- 大陸棚/大陆棚 (dàlùpéng)
- 大陸棉/大陆棉
- 大陸氣團/大陆气团
- 大陸法系/大陆法系 (dàlùfǎxì)
- 大陸海/大陆海
- 大陸熱/大陆热
- 大陸片/大陆片
- 大陸礁層/大陆礁层
- 大陸貨/大陆货
- 大陸邊緣/大陆边缘
- 大陸隆堆/大陆隆堆
- 大陸隆起/大陆隆起
- 奧斯陸/奥斯陆 (Àosīlù)
- 安陸/安陆 (Ānlù)
- 川陸/川陆
- 平陸/平陆 (Pínglù)
- 廣陸/广陆
- 推舟於陸/推舟于陆
- 斑駁陸離/斑驳陆离 (bānbólùlí)
- 新大陸/新大陆 (Xīndàlù)
- 朱陸異同/朱陆异同
- 次大陸/次大陆 (cìdàlù)
- 歐亞大陸/欧亚大陆
- 水斷陸絕/水断陆绝
- 水陸/水陆 (shuǐlù)
- 水陸並進/水陆并进
- 水陸之饌/水陆之馔
- 水陸畢陳/水陆毕陈 (shuǐlù bì chén)
- 水陸畫/水陆画
- 水陸道場/水陆道场 (shuǐlù dàochǎng)
- 水陸雜陳/水陆杂陈
- 洋商陸/洋商陆
- 海軍陸戰隊/海军陆战队 (hǎijūn lùzhànduì)
- 海陸/海陆 (hǎilù)
- 潘江陸海/潘江陆海
- 潘陸江海/潘陆江海
- 登陸/登陆 (dēnglù)
- 登陸作戰/登陆作战
- 登陸場/登陆场
- 登陸月球/登陆月球
- 登陸熱/登陆热
- 登陸艇/登陆艇 (dēnglùtǐng)
- 盤古大陸/盘古大陆 (Pángǔ Dàlù)
- 破陸續/破陆续
- 神州陸沉/神州陆沉 (shénzhōulùchén)
- 羊陸之交/羊陆之交
- 舊大陸/旧大陆 (Jiùdàlù)
- 著陸/着陆 (zhuólù)
- 西陸/西陆
- 造陸/造陆 (zàolù)
- 造陸運動/造陆运动
- 陸凱/陆凯
- 陸半球/陆半球
- 陸地/陆地 (lùdì)
- 陸地神仙/陆地神仙
- 陸城/陆城 (Lùchéng)
- 陸川/陆川 (Lùchuān)
- 陸德明/陆德明
- 陸戰/陆战
- 陸戰隊/陆战队
- 陸抗/陆抗
- 陸架/陆架
- 陸梁 (lùliáng)
- 陸棚/陆棚
- 陸機/陆机
- 陸橋/陆桥 (lùqiáo)
- 陸水湖/陆水湖 (Lùshuǐhú)
- 陸沉/陆沉 (lùchén)
- 陸海/陆海
- 陸海潘江/陆海潘江
- 陸王之學/陆王之学
- 陸田/陆田
- 陸相沉積/陆相沉积
- 陸稻/陆稻 (lùdào)
- 陸緣海/陆缘海 (lùyuánhǎi)
- 陸績/陆绩
- 陸續/陆续 (lùxù)
- 陸續有來/陆续有来 (lùxùyǒulái)
- 陸行/陆行
- 陸讋水慄/陆詟水栗
- 陸豐/陆丰 (Lùfēng)
- 陸賈分金/陆贾分金
- 陸贄/陆贽
- 陸路/陆路 (lùlù)
- 陸軍/陆军 (lùjūn)
- 陸軍節/陆军节
- 陸運/陆运
- 陸鈔/陆钞
- 陸陸續續/陆陆续续 (lùlùxùxù)
- 陸離/陆离 (lùlí)
- 陸離光怪/陆离光怪
- 陸離斑駁/陆离斑驳
- 陸風/陆风 (lùfēng)
- 雙陸/双陆 (shuānglù)
- 馬陸/马陆 (mǎlù)
- 黑暗大陸/黑暗大陆
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
陸
See also[edit]
Chinese numbers | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 106 | 108 | 1012 | |
Normal (小寫/小写) |
〇, 零, 空 | 一, 蜀 | 二, 兩/两 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬/万, 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) |
百萬/百万, 桶(Philippines), 面桶 (Philippines) |
億/亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億/万亿 (Mainland China) |
Financial (大寫/大写) |
零 | 壹 | 貳/贰 | 參/叁 | 肆 | 伍 | 陸/陆 | 柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 |
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: ろく (roku)
- Kan-on: りく (riku, Jōyō)
- Kun: おか (oka, 陸)←をか (woka, 陸, historical); くが (kuga, 陸)
- Nanori: たち (tachi); みち (michi); む (mu); むつ (mutsu)
Synonyms[edit]
- (six): 六
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
陸 |
ろく Grade: 4 |
goon |
Alternative spelling |
---|
碌 |
Originally referred to "flat" in reference to flat land, in turn the core meaning of the kanji character.[1][2]
The alternative 碌 spelling is an example of ateji.[1][2][3][4]
First attested in the 羅葡日辞書 (Ra-Ho-Nichi Jisho, “Latin-Portuguese-Japanese Dictionary”) of 1595.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
陸 • (roku) -na (adnominal 陸な (roku na), adverbial 陸に (roku ni))
- [from 1595] flat, not steep
- 1603, 日葡辞書 [Nippo Jisho, Japanese-Portuguese Dictionary][5], page 212:
- Rocuna michi.
- Rocuna michi.
- Flat road.
- [from roughly 1600] straightforward, uncomplicated, straight, correct
- [from roughly 1600] (mostly used in negative expressions) correct, right, complete, sufficient, satisfactory, proper
- ろくでもない人物、ろくに休みも取れない
- roku de mo nai jinbutsu, roku ni yasumi mo torenai
- a person who isn't right, a good-for-nothing / can't even fully take a break
- ろくでもない人物、ろくに休みも取れない
- [from late 1600s] peaceful, tranquil, serene (said of one's surroundings)
- [from 1700] even-tempered, easygoing, relaxed
Inflection[edit]
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 陸だろ | ろくだろ | roku daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 陸で | ろくで | roku de |
Terminal (終止形) | 陸だ | ろくだ | roku da |
Attributive (連体形) | 陸な | ろくな | roku na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 陸なら | ろくなら | roku nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 陸であれ | ろくであれ | roku de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 陸ではない 陸じゃない |
ろくではない ろくじゃない |
roku de wa nai roku ja nai |
Informal past | 陸だった | ろくだった | roku datta |
Informal negative past | 陸ではなかった 陸じゃなかった |
ろくではなかった ろくじゃなかった |
roku de wa nakatta roku ja nakatta |
Formal | 陸です | ろくです | roku desu |
Formal negative | 陸ではありません 陸じゃありません |
ろくではありません ろくじゃありません |
roku de wa arimasen roku ja arimasen |
Formal past | 陸でした | ろくでした | roku deshita |
Formal negative past | 陸ではありませんでした 陸じゃありませんでした |
ろくではありませんでした ろくじゃありませんでした |
roku de wa arimasen deshita roku ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 陸で | ろくで | roku de |
Conditional | 陸なら(ば) | ろくなら(ば) | roku nara (ba) |
Provisional | 陸だったら | ろくだったら | roku dattara |
Volitional | 陸だろう | ろくだろう | roku darō |
Adverbial | 陸に | ろくに | roku ni |
Degree | 陸さ | ろくさ | rokusa |
Noun[edit]
- [from 1595] flatness
- [from roughly 1600] straightforwardness, uncomplicatedness, straightness, correctness
- [from roughly 1600] (mostly used in negative expressions) correctness, rightness, completeness, sufficientness, satisfactoriness, properness
- [from late 1600s] peacefulness, tranquility, serenity (said of one's surroundings)
- [from 1700] an even temper, easygoingness, relaxedness
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
陸 |
ろく Grade: 4 |
goon |
Alternative spelling |
---|
六 (non-legal) |
Substitute spelling for 六 (roku, “six”),[6][7][2] likely borrowed from similar usage of written Chinese 陸/陆 (“six”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
Legal uses arose due to the relative ease with which certain number kanji can be fraudulently altered to look like other number kanji. For instance, 一 (ichi, “one”) could be modified to look like 六 (roku, “six”), but it cannot be modified to look like 陸 (roku, “six”, in legal contexts).
See also[edit]
- 大字 (daiji, “big character”, more-complicated kanji used as phonetic replacements for simpler numeric kanji, in order to prevent fraudulent modification)
Etymology 3[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
陸 |
りく Grade: 4 |
kan’on |
Ultimately from Middle Chinese 陸 (MC ljuwk). First attested in Japanese as a standalone noun in a text from the mid-1400s.[8]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Etymology 4[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
陸 |
おか Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 陸 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 陸, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 5[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
陸 |
くが Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 陸 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 陸, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 6[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
陸 |
くぬが Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 陸 – see the following entry: くぬが |
(The following entry is uncreated: くぬが.)
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “陸・碌”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ “陸”, in デジタル大辞泉 [Digital Daijisen][2] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, updated roughly every four months
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- ^ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>
tag; no text was provided for refs namedK
- ^ “六・陸”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[3] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ “陸”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[4] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
Korean[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle Chinese 陸 (MC ljuwk).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 륙〮 (Yale: lyúk) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[6] | 두듥〮 (Yale: twùtúlk) | 륙〮 (Yale: lyúk) |
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɾjuk̚] ~ [juk̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [륙/육]
Hanja[edit]
陸 (eumhun 뭍 륙 (mut ryuk), South Korea 뭍 육 (mut yuk))
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Hanja[edit]
陸 (eumhun 여섯 륙 (yeoseot ryuk), South Korea 여섯 육 (yeoseot yuk))
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [7]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- CJK Compatibility Ideographs block
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Taishanese proper nouns
- Gan proper nouns
- Hakka proper nouns
- Jin proper nouns
- Northern Min proper nouns
- Eastern Min proper nouns
- Hokkien proper nouns
- Teochew proper nouns
- Wu proper nouns
- Xiang proper nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese Han characters
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Chinese short forms
- Chinese surnames
- Chinese numerals
- Mandarin numerals
- Cantonese numerals
- Hakka numerals
- Eastern Min numerals
- Hokkien numerals
- Teochew numerals
- Wu numerals
- Chinese cardinal numbers
- Advanced Mandarin
- zh:Six
- Chinese numeral symbols
- Japanese Han characters
- Grade 4 kanji
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ろく
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading りく
- Japanese kanji with kun reading おか
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading をか
- Japanese kanji with kun reading くが
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading たち
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading みち
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading む
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading むつ
- Japanese terms spelled with 陸 read as ろく
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese adjectives
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese な-na adjectives
- Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms spelled with 陸
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms with quotations
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms derived from Chinese
- Japanese terms spelled with 陸 read as りく
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms spelled with 陸 read as おか
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms spelled with 陸 read as くが
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with 陸 read as くぬが
- Japanese numeral symbols
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Korean lemmas
- Korean Han characters
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters