邪

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Translingual

Han character

邪 (Kangxi radical 163, 邑+4 in Chinese, 邑+5 in Japanese, 7 strokes in Chinese, 8 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 一竹弓中 (MHNL), four-corner 17227, composition ⿰牙⻏)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1269, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39319
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1768, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3758, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+90AA

Chinese

trad. 邪
simp. # 邪
alternative forms 衺 “evil; strange; tilted”
𧘪 “evil; strange; tilted”
耶 “evil; strange; tilted; particle”

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 邪
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (牙) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
邪 *ljaː, *laː
衺 *ljaː
牙 *ŋraː
芽 *ŋraː
齖 *ŋraː, *ŋraːs
呀 *ŋraː, *hŋraː
枒 *ŋraː, *ŋraːs
雅 *ŋraːʔ
厊 *ŋraːʔ
庌 *ŋraːʔ
訝 *ŋraːs
迓 *ŋraːs
砑 *ŋraːs
犽 *ŋraːs
疨 *hŋraː
岈 *hŋraː
谺 *hŋraː
颬 *hŋraː
鴉 *qraː
釾 *laː

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljaː, *laː) : phonetic 牙 (OC *ŋraː) + semantic 邑 (“town; city”).

The semantic component suggests that this character was originally used in a place name, which Shuowen suggests to be 琅邪. It was later borrowed for other meanings, the most prominent being “wrong; evil” (originally written as 衺).

Pronunciation 1

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 邪
Mandarin Beijing /ɕiɛ³⁵/
Harbin /ɕiɛ²²⁴/
Tianjin /ɕie⁴⁵/
Jinan /ɕiə⁴²/
Qingdao /siə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /siɛ⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕiɛ²⁴/
Xining /ɕi⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕie⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕiə⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɕiɤ⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕie²¹³/
Chengdu /ɕie³¹/
Guiyang /ɕie²¹/
Kunming /ɕiɛ³¹/
Nanjing /sie²⁴/
Hefei /ɕi⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕie¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕie̞¹³/
Hohhot /ɕie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ʑia²³/
Suzhou /ziɑ¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡ʑiɑ²¹³/
Wenzhou /zei³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡sʰiɛ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /sie¹³/
Xiangtan /siɒ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /ɕiɑ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /sia¹¹/
Taoyuan /siɑ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰɛ²¹/
Nanning /t͡sʰe²¹/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰɛ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sia³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /sia⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /t͡sia²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /sia⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /se³¹/
/tia³¹/
Rime
Character 邪
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 邪 (17)
Final (韻) 麻 (100)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 似嗟切
Baxter zjae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/zia/
Pan
Wuyun 		/zia/
Shao
Rongfen 		/zia/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/zia/
Li
Rong 		/zia/
Wang
Li 		/zĭa/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/zi̯a/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		xié
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ce4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 邪
Reading # 1/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xié
Middle
Chinese 		‹ zjæ ›
Old
Chinese 		/*sə.ɢA/
English awry

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 邪
Reading # 1/2
No. 14175
Phonetic
component 		牙
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		衺
Old
Chinese 		/*ljaː/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 邪

  1. wrong; evil; depraved; vicious; perverse; heterodox
  2. unnatural; strange
  3. disaster; calamity
  4. (traditional Chinese medicine) unwholesome environmental factor; pathogenetic factor
  5. † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 斜 (xié, “tilted; inclined”).

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 邪
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 麻 (100)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 以遮切
Baxter yae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jia/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jia/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ia/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jia/
Li
Rong 		/ia/
Wang
Li 		/jĭa/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/i̯a/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yé
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		je4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 邪
Reading # 3/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yá
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yæ ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ɢ(r)A/
English 琅邪 (name of a mountain in Shāndōng)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 邪
Reading # 2/2
No. 14197
Phonetic
component 		牙
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		邪
Old
Chinese 		/*laː/
Notes 俗作耶

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 邪

  1. Only used in 琅邪, (deprecated template usage) alternative form of 琅琊.

Compounds

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Pronunciation 3

Rime
Character 邪
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 麻 (100)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 以遮切
Baxter yae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jia/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jia/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ia/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jia/
Li
Rong 		/ia/
Wang
Li 		/jĭa/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/i̯a/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yé
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		je4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 邪
Reading # 4/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yé
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yæ ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɢ](r)A/
English (interrogative particle)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 邪
Reading # 2/2
No. 14197
Phonetic
component 		牙
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		邪
Old
Chinese 		/*laː/
Notes 俗作耶

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 邪

  1. † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 耶 (yé, “sentence-final interrogative particle”).
  2. † The chant of labourers used for synchronized pulling, lifting, etc., similar to heigh-ho.

Compounds

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Pronunciation 4

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 邪
Reading # 2/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xú
Middle
Chinese 		‹ zjo ›
Old
Chinese 		/*sə.la/
English walk slowly

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 邪

  1. † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 徐 (xú, “slow”).

Pronunciation 5

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 邪

  1. † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 餘／余 (yú, “remainder; remaining days”).

Pronunciation 6

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 邪

  1. Only used in 歸邪／归邪.

Japanese

Kanji

邪

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. wicked
  2. injustice
  3. wrong

Readings

Compounds

Synonyms

Antonyms

Korean

Hanja

邪 • (sa, ya) (hangeul 사, 야, revised sa, ya, McCune–Reischauer sa, ya, Yale sa, ya)

  1. cunning, sly, crafty, artful
  2. dislocated, out of joint, out of step, out of line
  3. deceive, cheat, trick, fool, swindle
  4. crooked, askew, slanted

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 邪 (tà, tá)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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