ik: difference between revisions
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===Alternative forms=== |
===Alternative forms=== |
||
* {{l|nds|'k}} {{qualifier|enclitic}} |
* {{l|nds|'k}}, {{l|nds|'ck}} {{qualifier|enclitic}} |
||
* {{l|nds|ick}} |
* {{l|nds|ick}} |
||
* {{qualifier|Eastphalia, Lippe, County of Mark, Ruhr area}} {{l|nds|ek}}, {{l|nds|eck}} |
* {{qualifier|Eastphalia, Lippe, County of Mark, Ruhr area}} {{l|nds|ek}}, {{l|nds|eck}} |
||
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===See also=== |
===See also=== |
||
* {{qualifier|Plautdietsch}} {{l|pdt|ekj}}, {{l|pdt|etj}} |
* {{qualifier|Plautdietsch}} {{l|pdt|ekj}}, {{l|pdt|etj}}, {{l|pdt|ik}} |
||
---- |
---- |
Revision as of 22:13, 12 June 2016
English
|lang=
parameter) - Wiktionary does not have any Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "Wiktionary's entry on the Southern dialectal variant of this pronoun, ich, and in Wiktionary's entry on I" is not valid. See WT:LOL. dictionary entry for this term. This is most likely because this term does not meet our criteria for inclusion (yet).
- You can help us collect durably archived uses of this word at Citations:ik.
- If this term meets our criteria for inclusion, please create an entry for it or request that it be created.
Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Wiktionary's entry on the Southern dialectal variant of this pronoun, ich, and in Wiktionary's entry on I" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
Danish
Adverb
ik
Dutch
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle Dutch ic, from Old Dutch ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Low German ik, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] West Frisian ik, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] German ich, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] English I, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Danish jeg. See I (English, etymology 3).[1]
Pronunciation
- (deprecated use of
|lang=
parameter) Rhymes: -ɪk - (deprecated use of
|lang=
parameter)audio: (file) - (deprecated use of
|lang=
parameter) IPA(key): /ɪk/ (stressed), (deprecated use of|lang=
parameter) IPA(key): /ək/ (unstressed)
Pronoun
ik
- First-person singular, subjective: I.
Declension
Quotations
- Julius Caesar
- Ik kwam, ik zag, ik overwon.
- I came, I saw, I conquered.
- Ik kwam, ik zag, ik overwon.
References
- ^ Friedrich Kluge (1989) “ik”, in Elmar Seebold, editor, Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the German Language] (in German), 22nd edition, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN
German Low German
Alternative forms
- 'k, 'ck (enclitic)
- ick
- (Eastphalia, Lippe, County of Mark, Ruhr area) ek, eck
- (Low Prussian) öck, eck
Etymology
From Middle Low German ik, from Old Saxon ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.
Pronunciation
- (deprecated use of
|lang=
parameter) IPA(key): /ɪk/, /ek/
Pronoun
ik
- (most northern and western dialects) I (first person singular pronoun)
- Ik kem, ik sach, ik wünd.
- I came, I saw, I conquered. (Veni, vidi, vici. Attributed to Julius Caesar.)
- 2012, Wilma Schlüter, Ik küer Platt: de Johrestieten int Münsterland (ISBN 3000392629)
Related terms
- mien (“my, mine”, possessive); mi (“me”, dative (also generally used in place of the accusative)); mik; wi (“we”, plural)
See also
Gothic
Romanization
ik
- (deprecated template usage) Romanization of 𐌹𐌺
Latvian
Adverb
ik
Marshallese
Noun
ik
- (deprecated use of
|lang=
parameter) Alternative spelling of ek
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old English ic (“I”, personal pronoun).
Pronoun
ik
- (chiefly Northern dialectal) I.
- circa 1300, Homilies:
- Forthi wil I of my pouert, Schau sum thing that ik haf in hert, [...]
- circa 1300, Cursor Mundi:
- Her ik haf a litil spend, In word eftir þat ik entend, [...]
- circa 1390, Chaucer:
- But ik am oold me list not pleye for age.
- circa 1300, Homilies:
Descendants
- Scots: ik
Middle Low German
Pronunciation
- (deprecated use of
|lang=
parameter) IPA(key): /ɪk/
Etymology
From Old Saxon ik from Proto-Germanic *ik.
Pronoun
ik
- I (first person singular nominative)
Declension
nominative | accusative | dative | genitive | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person singular | ik (ek) | mî (mê, mik, mek) | mîn (mîner) | ||
2nd person singular | dû | dî (dê, dik, dek) | dîn (dîner) | ||
3rd person singular | |||||
m | hê (hî, hie) | ēne, en (ȫne, ȫn) | ēme, em (ȫme, en) | sîn (sîner) | |
n | it (et) | ||||
f | sê (sî, sie, sü̂) | ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer) | |||
1st person plural | wî (wê, wie) | uns (ûs, ös, ü̂sik) | unser (ûser) | ||
2nd person plural | gî (jê, î) | jû (jûwe, û, jük, gik) | jûwer (ûwer) | ||
3rd person plural | sê (sî, sie) | em, öm, jüm (en, ēnen, ȫnen) | ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer) | ||
For an explanation of the forms in brackets see here. |
Old Dutch
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Saxon ik, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Frisian ik, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old English iċ, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Dutch ik, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old High German ih, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Norse ek, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik).
Pronoun
ik
Descendants
Old Frisian
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Saxon ik, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old English iċ, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Dutch ik, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old High German ih, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Norse ek, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik).
Pronoun
ik
Declension
Descendants
Old Saxon
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Frisian ik, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old English iċ, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Dutch ik, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old High German ih, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Norse ek, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Gothic 𐌹𐌺 (ik).
Pronoun
ik
Declension
Personal pronouns | |||||
Singular | 1. | 2. | 3. m | 3. f | 3. n |
Nominative | ik | thū | hē | siu | it |
Accusative | mī, me, mik | thī, thik | ina | sia | |
Dative | mī | thī | imu | iru | it |
Genitive | mīn | thīn | is | ira | is |
Dual | 1. | 2. | - | - | - |
Nominative | wit | git | - | - | - |
Accusative | unk | ink | - | - | - |
Dative | |||||
Genitive | unkero, unka | - | - | - | |
Plural | 1. | 2. | 3. m | 3. f | 3. n |
Nominative | wī, we | gī, ge | sia | sia | siu |
Accusative | ūs, unsik | eu, iu, iuu | |||
Dative | ūs | im | |||
Genitive | ūser | euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera | iro |
Descendants
- German Low German: ik
Plautdietsch
Pronoun
ik
- I (first person singular pronoun)
- Ik keem, ik keek, ik wun.(Veni, vidi, vici. Attributed to Julius Caesar.)
- I came, I saw, I conquered.
Scots
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle English ik, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old English ic (“I”, pronoun), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Germanic *ek (“I”, pronoun).
Pronoun
ik
- (rare) I. Now mostly used to be emphatical.
- Wha did that? Ik! ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- circa 1375, John Barbour, The Bruce:
- For Ik am he, I say the soithly, [...]
West Frisian
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Frisian ik, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare (deprecated template usage) [etyl] North Frisian ick, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Dutch ik, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] German Low German ik, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] German ich, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] English I, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Danish jeg.
Pronoun
ik
- Danish lemmas
- Danish adverbs
- Danish abbreviations
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɪk
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch pronouns
- Dutch personal pronouns
- German Low German terms inherited from Middle Low German
- German Low German terms derived from Middle Low German
- German Low German terms inherited from Old Saxon
- German Low German terms derived from Old Saxon
- German Low German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German Low German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German Low German terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- German Low German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German Low German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German Low German lemmas
- German Low German pronouns
- German Low German terms with usage examples
- Gothic non-lemma forms
- Gothic romanizations
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian adverbs
- Marshallese lemmas
- Marshallese nouns
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English pronouns
- Middle Low German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Low German terms inherited from Old Saxon
- Middle Low German terms derived from Old Saxon
- Middle Low German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Low German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Low German lemmas
- Middle Low German pronouns
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Dutch lemmas
- Old Dutch pronouns
- Old Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Frisian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Frisian lemmas
- Old Frisian pronouns
- Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Saxon lemmas
- Old Saxon pronouns
- Plautdietsch lemmas
- Plautdietsch pronouns
- Plautdietsch terms with usage examples
- Scots terms derived from Middle English
- Scots terms derived from Old English
- Scots terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Scots lemmas
- Scots pronouns
- Scots terms with rare senses
- Scots terms with usage examples
- West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian
- West Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- West Frisian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- West Frisian lemmas
- West Frisian pronouns