tú

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "tu"

Aragonese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tu Akin to Spanish tú and Portuguese tu.

Pronoun[edit]

tú m sg or f sg

  1. Second-person singular nominative pronoun; you

See also[edit]

Aragonese personal pronouns
nominative disjunctive dative accusative
first person singular yo me, m'2
plural masculine nusatros1.1 nos1.6
feminine nusatras1.1
second person singular familiar tú te, t'2
formal vusté,1.2 vos
plural familiar masculine vusatros1.3 vos, tos3
feminine vusatras1.3
formal vustés,1.2 vos
third person singular masculine él1.4 le1.7 lo,1.8 l'2
feminine ella1.5 la
plural masculine els, ellos1.4 les1.7 los1.9
feminine ellas1.5 las
reflexive — se, s'2
  1. The forms shown in the table are the most widespread ones. Some varieties use different forms:
    1. nusotros/as (Ansotano, Cheso, Somontanos) and nusaltros/as (Benasquese and Belsetán).
    2. usté(s) (Benasquese), ustet(z) (Ansotano), vustet(z) (Tensino, Somontanos)
    3. vusotros/as (Ansotano, Cheso, Somontanos) and vusaltros/as (Benasquese and Belsetán).
    4. ell(s) (Benasquese) and er(s) (Belsetán).
    5. era(s) (Belsetán).
    6. mos (Ribagorçan). Before third-person pronouns and the adverbial pronoun en the contracted form mo' is used.
    7. li(s) (Cheso, Tensino).
    8. el (Ribagorçan). The contracted form l' is used before verbs beginning with vowel sounds and 'l after pronouns ending in vowels and no (“no, not”).
    9. es, els (Ribagorçan). These forms are contracted to 's and 'ls after pronouns ending in vowels and no (“no, not”).
  2. The contracted forms are used before verbs beginning with vowel sounds.
  3. In Ribagorçan the contracted form to' is used before third-person pronouns and the adverbial pronoun en.

References[edit]

  • “tú”, in Aragonario, diccionario castellano–aragonés (in Spanish)

Chiricahua[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • tó (Chiricahua)

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun[edit]

tú

  1. (Mescalero) water

References[edit]

  • Marianna Di Paolo, Arthur K. Spears, Languages and Dialects in the U.S.: Focus on Diversity (2014, →ISBN, page 38 (citing Hoijer 1938)

Fala[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Galician-Portuguese tu, from Latin tū (“you”), from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (“you”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tú m sg or f sg

  1. Second person singular nominative pronoun; you

See also[edit]

Fala personal pronouns
nominative dative accusative disjunctive
first person singular ei me, -mi mi
plural common nos musL
nusLV
nos, -nusM 		nos
masculine noshotrusM noshotrusM
feminine noshotrasM noshotrasM
second person singular tú te, -ti ti
plural common vos vusLV
vos, -vusM 		vos
masculine voshotrusM voshotrusM
feminine voshotrasM voshotrasM
third person singular masculine el le, -li uLV, oM el
feminine ela a ela
plural masculine elis usLV, osM elis
feminine elas as elas
reflexive — se, -si sí

References[edit]

  • Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎[1], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

Faroese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse þú, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [tʰʉuː(w)]
  • in the phrase "ert tú": IPA(key): [ˈɛɻ̊ʈʉuː]

Pronoun[edit]

tú

  1. you, thou
    ert tú eingilskmaður/onglendingur? ― are you an Englishman?
    ert tú amerikanari? ― are you an American?
    ert tú føroyingur? ― are you Faroese?
    ert tú týskari? ― are you a German?
    ert tú dani? ― are you a Dane?
    ert tú norðmaður? ― are you a Norwegian?
    ert tú íslendingur? ― are you an Icelander?
    ert tú svii/svíi? ― are you a Swede?

Usage notes[edit]

The informal tú form is correct among younger people and non-foreigners. The very formal form is tygum.

Declension[edit]

Faroese personal pronouns
Personal pronouns (Persónsfornøvn)
Singular (eintal) 1st person 2nd person 3rd person masc. 3rd person fem. 3rd person neut.
Nominative (hvørfall) eg, jeg tú hann hon tað
Accusative (hvønnfall) meg, mjeg teg, tjeg hana
Dative (hvørjumfall) mær tær honum henni tí
Genitive (hvørsfall) mín tín hansara, hans† hennara, hennar† tess
Plural (fleirtal) 1st person 2nd person 3rd person masc. 3rd person fem. 3rd person neut.
Nominative (hvørfall) vit tit teir tær tey
Accusative (hvønnfall) okkum tykkum
Dative (hvørjumfall) teimum, teim†
Genitive (hvørsfall) okkara tykkara teirra

Derived terms[edit]

Hokkien[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of tú – see 拄 (“to prop; to support; to lean on; to be propped up; etc.”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 拄).

Irish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Irish tú, from Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tú (emphatic form tusa, conjunctive)

  1. you (singular), thou

Usage notes[edit]

  • Unlike many European languages, Irish does not distinguish between "familiar" and "polite" second-person pronouns. Tú is used to address any one person, regardless of how well known that person is to the speaker.
  • The emphatic form tusa is also used as the vocative: Haigh tusa! — "Hey you!"

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Irish personal pronouns
Number Person (and gender) Conjunctive
(emphatic) 		Disjunctive
(emphatic) 		Possessive
determiner
Singular First mé
(mise) 		mo L
m' before vowel sounds
Second tú
(tusa)1 		thú
(thusa) 		do L
d' before vowel sounds
Third masculine sé
(seisean) 		é
(eisean) 		a L
Third feminine sí
(sise) 		í
(ise) 		a H
Third neuter — ea —
Plural First muid, sinn
(muidne, muide), (sinne) 		ár E
Second sibh
(sibhse)1 		bhur E
Third siad
(siadsan) 		iad
(iadsan) 		a E

L Triggers lenition E Triggers eclipsis H Triggers h-prothesis

1 Also used as the vocative

The reflexive is formed by adding féin to the relevant pronoun: e.g. "myself" = mé féin, "yourselves" = sibh féin.

References[edit]

Kambera[edit]

Verb[edit]

tú

  1. (transitive) to put

References[edit]

  • Marian Klamer (1998) A Grammar of Kambera, Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 199

Koho[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

tú

  1. time

References[edit]

  • Paul J. Sidwell, Proto South Bahnaric: A Reconstruction of a Mon-Khmer Language of Indo-China (2000)

Ladino[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

tú (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling טו)

  1. you (singular)

Mandarin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • audio(file)

Romanization[edit]

tú (tu2, Zhuyin ㄊㄨˊ)

  1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 凃
  2. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 啙
  3. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 圖／图, 圗, 図, 图
  4. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 塗／涂
  5. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 宊
  6. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 屠
  7. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 峹
  8. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 嵞
  9. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 庩
  10. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 徒
  11. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 怢
  12. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 悂
  13. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 捈
  14. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 揬
  15. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 梌
  16. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 涂
  17. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 湥
  18. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 潳
  19. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 瑹
  20. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 瘏
  21. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 稌
  22. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 突
  23. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 筡
  24. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 腞
  25. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 腯
  26. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 荼
  27. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 菞
  28. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 葖
  29. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蒤
  30. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 跌
  31. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 跿
  32. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 途
  33. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 酴
  34. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鈯／𨱄
  35. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鍎
  36. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 馟
  37. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 駼／𬳿
  38. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵅／𱉮
  39. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鵚／𪉍
  40. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鶟／𱊖
  41. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鷋／𱊠
  42. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鷵／𱊩
  43. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鼵

Old Gutnish[edit]

Numeral[edit]

tú (masculine tweir, feminine twár)

  1. neuter nominative/accusative of tweir (“two”)

Old Irish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (compare Ancient Greek σύ (sú), Latin tū, Old Church Slavonic тꙑ (ty), Gothic 𐌸𐌿 (þu), Welsh ti).

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tú (genitive taí)

  1. you (singular nominative), thou
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 5b28
      Ní tú nod·n-ail, acht is hé not·ail.
      It is not you that nourishes it, but it that nourishes you.
    • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 92a17
      Bed indbadigthi .i. bed chuintechti .i. cid fáilte ad·cot-sa ⁊ du·ngnéu, is túsu immid·folngi dam, a Dǽ; cid indeb dano ad·cot, is tú, Dǽ, immid·folngi dam.
      To be enriched, i.e. to be sought, i.e. though it is joy that I obtain and make, it is you who effects it for me, O God; so too, though it is wealth that I obtain, it is you, God, who effects it for me.

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Irish: tú
  • Manx: oo
  • Scottish Gaelic: thu

Mutation[edit]

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
tú thú tú
pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading[edit]

Slovincian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tu.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈtʉ/
  • Syllabification: tú

Adverb[edit]

tú (not comparable)

  1. here (at this place)

Further reading[edit]

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Inherited from Latin tū, from Proto-Italic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ (whence English thou).

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

tú

  1. Second person pronoun in singular tense (informal communication in Spain and Mexico). you
    Synonym: (in and near Argentina) vos

Usage notes[edit]

  • When more pronouns are included in the same sentence, it is considered impolite to say the pronoun yo at first, it must be the last one, and tú must be said after any third person (this applies also for ti and mí):
    • Iremos Rosa, tú y yo. ― Rosa, you and I will go.

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Chavacano: tu

See also[edit]

  • usted (formal communication)
Spanish personal pronouns
nominative dative accusative disjunctive
first person singular yo me mí1
plural masculine2 nosotros nos nosotros
feminine nosotras nosotras
second person singular tuteo tú te ti1
voseo vos vos
formal3 usted le, se4 lo/la5 usted
plural familiar6 masculine2 vosotros os vosotros
feminine vosotras vosotras
formal/general3 ustedes les, se4 los/las5 ustedes
third person singular masculine2 él le, se4 lo él
feminine ella la ella
neuter ello7 lo ello
plural masculine2 ellos les, se4 los ellos
feminine ellas las ellas
reflexive — se sí1
  1. Not used with con; conmigo, contigo, and consigo are used instead, respectively
  2. Like other masculine Spanish words, masculine Spanish pronouns can be used when the gender of the subject is unknown or when the subject is plural and of mixed gender.
  3. Treated as if it were third-person for purposes of conjugation and reflexivity
  4. If le or les precedes lo, la, los, or las in a clause, it is replaced with se (e.g., Se lo dije instead of Le lo dije)
  5. Depending on the implicit gender of the object being referred to
  6. Used primarily in Spain
  7. Used only in rare circumstances

Further reading[edit]

Tsuut'ina[edit]

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Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ. Cognate with Navajo tó

Noun[edit]

tú

  1. water

Western Apache[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun[edit]

tú

  1. water

ǁAni[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Khoe *tú (“rain; to rain”).

Noun[edit]

tú

  1. rain

References[edit]

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