親
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See also: 亲
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Translingual
[edit]Japanese | 親 |
---|---|
Simplified | 亲 |
Traditional | 親 |
Han character
[edit]親 (Kangxi radical 147, 見+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 卜木月山山 (YDBUU), four-corner 06910, composition ⿰亲見)
Derived characters
[edit]Related characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1136, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34918
- Dae Jaweon: page 1602, character 35
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3671, character 12
- Unihan data for U+89AA
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 親 | ||
---|---|---|
Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
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Bronze script: phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *sʰin, *sʰins) : phonetic 辛 (OC *siŋ) + semantic 見 (“see”).
Seal script: phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *sʰin, *sʰins) : phonetic 𣓀 () + semantic 見 (“see”).
Etymology 1
[edit]trad. | 親 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 亲* | |
alternative forms |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): qin1
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): chĭng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1chin / 1tshin
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zin1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cin
- Wade–Giles: chʻin1
- Yale: chīn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chin
- Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: can1
- Yale: chān
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsan1
- Guangdong Romanization: cen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐn⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: tin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰin³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: qin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰin⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîn
- Hakka Romanization System: qinˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qin1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chĭng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note: cêng1 - Jieyang.
- Middle Chinese: tshin
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]i[n]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰin/
Definitions
[edit]親
- ⁜ paternal relatives
- intimate; bosom; closely acquainted; beloved; dear
- parent(s); father and/or mother
- relatives; blood or marriage relation
- related by blood; blood (brothers, sisters)
- marriage; matrimony
- to be close to; to become intimate with
- to fraternise with; to support or endorse; pro-
- to approach; to go near; to get in touch with
- to kiss; to brush one's lips against
- personally; in person; with one's own (body part)
- close person; reliable person; intimate friend
- accurate; true
- 34th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "kinship" (𝌧)
- (Mainland China, Internet, customer service) dear sir or madam
- Alternative form of 新 (xīn, “to renew; to replace”)
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吻, 親, 親吻 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 吻, 親 |
Taiwan | 吻, 親 | |
Singapore | 吻, 親 | |
Jiaoliao Mandarin | Yantai (Muping) | 親 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 親 |
Xi'an | 親 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 親 |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 惜, 啜, 痛 |
Hong Kong | 惜, 啜, 嘴 | |
Taishan | 啜 | |
Dongguan | 啜 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 惜 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 唚 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 唚 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 唚 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 唚 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 唚 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 唚 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 唚 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 親 |
Xinzhou | 親 | |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 蜜 |
Songxi | 鼻 | |
Zhenghe | 蜜 | |
Jianyang | 蜜 | |
Wuyishan | 敕 | |
Pucheng (Shibei) | 鼻 | |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 唚 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 唚 |
Xiamen (Tong'an) | 唚 | |
Quanzhou | 唚 | |
Shishi | 唚 | |
Zhangzhou | 唚 | |
Tainan | 唚 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 唚 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 唚 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 唚 | |
Chaozhou | 唚 | |
Shantou | 唚 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 唚 | |
Haikou | 惜 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 香, 親 |
Shanghai (Zhoupu, Pudong) | 香 | |
Shanghai (Chongming) | 香 | |
Suzhou | 香 | |
Hangzhou | 香 | |
Ningbo | 親 |
Compounds
[edit]- 一親芳澤/一亲芳泽 (yīqīnfāngzé)
- 三親/三亲
- 三親六眷/三亲六眷
- 三親四眷/三亲四眷
- 三親等/三亲等
- 不因親/不因亲
- 不著親/不著亲
- 不親筆硯/不亲笔砚
- 不關親/不关亲
- 串親戚/串亲戚
- 九故十親/九故十亲
- 九親/九亲
- 乾親/干亲 (gānqīn)
- 事必躬親/事必躬亲 (shìbìgōngqīn)
- 事親至孝/事亲至孝
- 二親/二亲
- 二親等/二亲等
- 交門親眷/交门亲眷
- 令親/令亲 (lìngqīn)
- 任人唯親/任人唯亲 (rènrénwéiqīn)
- 保親/保亲
- 倍感親切/倍感亲切
- 做親/做亲
- 內親/内亲 (nèiqīn)
- 兩姨親/两姨亲
- 兩重親/两重亲
- 六親/六亲 (liùqīn)
- 六親不認/六亲不认 (liùqīnbùrèn)
- 六親無靠/六亲无靠
- 前親晚後/前亲晚后
- 十親九故/十亲九故
- 卑親屬/卑亲属
- 占親
- 反親疏/反亲疏
- 可親/可亲 (kěqīn)
- 君親/君亲
- 和藹可親/和蔼可亲 (hé'ǎikěqīn)
- 和親/和亲 (héqīn)
- 單親家庭/单亲家庭 (dānqīn jiātíng)
- 嚴親/严亲
- 國戚皇親/国戚皇亲
- 垂白之親/垂白之亲
- 外親/外亲
- 大義滅親/大义灭亲 (dàyìmièqīn)
- 天道無親/天道无亲
- 姑舅作親/姑舅作亲
- 妻親/妻亲
- 姻親/姻亲 (yīnqīn)
- 娛親/娱亲
- 娘親/娘亲 (niángqīn)
- 娶親/娶亲 (qǔqīn)
- 嫡嫡親親/嫡嫡亲亲
- 嫡親/嫡亲
- 嫡親兄弟/嫡亲兄弟
- 孝親/孝亲
- 安親班/安亲班 (ānqīnbān)
- 宗親/宗亲 (zōngqīn)
- 官親/官亲
- 宗親會/宗亲会 (zōngqīnhuì)
- 家親/家亲
- 密親/密亲
- 尊親屬/尊亲属
- 尋親記/寻亲记
- 對親/对亲
- 對頭親/对头亲
- 少親失眷/少亲失眷
- 就親/就亲
- 平行表親/平行表亲
- 得親順親/得亲顺亲
- 御駕親征/御驾亲征 (yùjiàqīnzhēng)
- 悔親/悔亲
- 愛親做親/爱亲做亲
- 懇親/恳亲
- 懇親會/恳亲会
- 懿親/懿亲
- 成親/成亲 (chéngqīn)
- 戲綵娛親/戏彩娱亲
- 手親眼便/手亲眼便
- 投親/投亲 (tóuqīn)
- 拔親/拔亲
- 拜親/拜亲
- 拉親/拉亲
- 招親/招亲 (zhāoqīn)
- 指親托故/指亲托故
- 挨親兒/挨亲儿
- 探親/探亲 (tànqīn)
- 揚名顯親/扬名显亲
- 換親/换亲
- 提親/提亲 (tíqīn)
- 搶親/抢亲
- 攀親/攀亲 (pānqīn)
- 攀親引戚/攀亲引戚
- 攀親託熟/攀亲托熟
- 攙親/搀亲
- 敦親睦鄰/敦亲睦邻
- 新親/新亲
- 旁系血親/旁系血亲
- 族親/族亲
- 暮雲親舍/暮云亲舍
- 會親/会亲
- 有服之親/有服之亲
- 榮名及親/荣名及亲
- 母親/母亲 (mǔqīn)
- 母親節/母亲节 (mǔqīnjié)
- 比武招親/比武招亲
- 比親/比亲
- 求親/求亲
- 求親告友/求亲告友
- 法定血親/法定血亲
- 沾親/沾亲
- 沾親帶故/沾亲带故
- 沾親帶骨/沾亲带骨
- 浼人親行/浼人亲行
- 父親/父亲 (fùqīn)
- 父親節/父亲节 (fùqīnjié)
- 瓜葛之親/瓜葛之亲
- 疏不謀親/疏不谋亲
- 疏不間親/疏不间亲
- 痛親/痛亲
- 白雲親舍/白云亲舍
- 皇親/皇亲 (huángqīn)
- 皇親國戚/皇亲国戚 (huángqīnguóqī)
- 直系親屬/直系亲属 (zhíxì qīnshǔ)
- 相親/相亲
- 省親/省亲 (xǐngqīn)
- 相親相愛/相亲相爱 (xiāngqīnxiāng'ài)
- 眾叛親離/众叛亲离 (zhòngpànqīnlí)
- 眾散親離/众散亲离
- 瞞親/瞒亲
- 破親/破亲
- 禮不親授/礼不亲授
- 禮士親賢/礼士亲贤
- 結親/结亲 (jiéqīn)
- 綵衣娛親/彩衣娱亲
- 繼親/继亲
- 老萊娛親/老莱娱亲
- 老親/老亲 (lǎoqīn)
- 聯親/联亲
- 肌膚之親/肌肤之亲 (jīfūzhīqīn)
- 至親/至亲 (zhìqīn)
- 至親兄弟/至亲兄弟
- 至親好友/至亲好友
- 至親骨肉/至亲骨肉
- 舉目無親/举目无亲 (jǔmùwúqīn)
- 舉眼無親/举眼无亲
- 舍親/舍亲
- 茂親/茂亲
- 草鞋親/草鞋亲
- 葭莩之親/葭莩之亲
- 薄親/薄亲
- 藹然可親/蔼然可亲 (ǎiránkěqīn)
- 血親/血亲 (xuèqīn)
- 血親家族/血亲家族
- 表親/表亲 (biǎoqīn)
- 裙帶親/裙带亲
- 親丁/亲丁
- 親上作親/亲上作亲
- 親上加親/亲上加亲
- 親上成親/亲上成亲
- 親串/亲串
- 親事/亲事 (qīnshì)
- 親交/亲交 (qīnjiāo)
- 親人/亲人 (qīnrén)
- 親任/亲任
- 親供/亲供
- 親信/亲信 (qīnxìn)
- 親倖/亲幸
- 親傍/亲傍
- 親像/亲像 (chhîn-chhiong)
- 親共/亲共 (qīngòng)
- 親兵/亲兵 (qīnbīng)
- 親切/亲切 (qīnqiè)
- 親厚/亲厚 (qīnhòu)
- 親友/亲友 (qīnyǒu)
- 親口/亲口 (qīnkǒu)
- 親吻/亲吻 (qīnwěn)
- 親告罪/亲告罪
- 親和力/亲和力 (qīnhélì)
- 親善/亲善 (qīnshàn)
- 親善大使/亲善大使
- 親嘴/亲嘴 (qīnzuǐ)
- 親如手足/亲如手足
- 親子教養/亲子教养
- 親子關係/亲子关系
- 親密/亲密 (qīnmì)
- 親密無間/亲密无间
- 親展/亲展 (qīnzhǎn)
- 親屬/亲属 (qīnshǔ)
- 親屬稱謂/亲属称谓
- 親屬語言/亲属语言
- 親庭/亲庭
- 親往/亲往 (qīnwǎng)
- 親征 (qīnzhēng)
- 親情/亲情 (qīnqíng)
- 親愛/亲爱 (qīn'ài)
- 親愛的/亲爱的 (qīn'ài de)
- 親愛精誠/亲爱精诚
- 親戚/亲戚
- 親手/亲手 (qīnshǒu)
- 親手足/亲手足
- 親授/亲授
- 親操井臼/亲操井臼
- 親政/亲政 (qīnzhèng)
- 親故/亲故 (qīngù)
- 親啟/亲启
- 親族/亲族 (qīnzú)
- 親昵 (qīnnì)
- 親暱/亲昵 (qīnnì)
- 親朋/亲朋 (qīnpéng)
- 親朋好友/亲朋好友 (qīnpénghǎoyǒu)
- 親本/亲本
- 親極反疏/亲极反疏
- 親權/亲权
- 親歷/亲历 (qīnlì)
- 親母/亲母 (qīnmǔ)
- 親民/亲民 (qīnmín)
- 親潮/亲潮
- 親炙/亲炙
- 親熱/亲热 (qīnrè)
- 親率/亲率
- 親王/亲王 (qīnwáng)
- 親生/亲生 (qīnshēng)
- 親生父母/亲生父母
- 親生骨肉/亲生骨肉
- 親疏/亲疏 (qīnshū)
- 親疏遠近/亲疏远近
- 親痛仇快/亲痛仇快 (qīntòngchóukuài)
- 親眼/亲眼 (qīnyǎn)
- 親眷/亲眷 (qīnjuàn)
- 親眼目睹/亲眼目睹
- 親睦/亲睦 (qīnmù)
- 親睹/亲睹 (qīndǔ)
- 親知/亲知 (qīnzhī)
- 親筆/亲笔 (qīnbǐ)
- 親等/亲等
- 親系/亲系
- 親耕/亲耕
- 親職教育/亲职教育
- 親臨/亲临 (qīnlín)
- 親自/亲自 (qīnzì)
- 親親熱熱/亲亲热热
- 親貴/亲贵
- 親賢/亲贤
- 親赴/亲赴 (qīnfù)
- 親身/亲身 (qīnshēn)
- 親身經歷/亲身经历 (qīnshēn jīnglì)
- 親迎/亲迎
- 親近/亲近 (qīnjìn)
- 親隨/亲随 (qīnsuí)
- 親離眾叛/亲离众叛
- 親類/亲类
- 親香/亲香
- 親駕/亲驾
- 親骨肉/亲骨肉 (qīngǔròu)
- 訂親/订亲 (dìngqīn)
- 討親/讨亲
- 認親/认亲 (rènqīn)
- 說親/说亲 (shuōqīn)
- 說親道熱/说亲道热
- 謔親/谑亲
- 議親/议亲
- 走親/走亲
- 躬親/躬亲 (gōngqīn)
- 較親/较亲
- 轉折親/转折亲
- 近親/近亲 (jìnqīn)
- 迎親/迎亲 (yíngqīn)
- 送親/送亲
- 退親/退亲 (tuìqīn)
- 遠不間親/远不间亲
- 遠親/远亲 (yuǎnqīn)
- 鄉親/乡亲 (xiāngqīn)
- 重親/重亲
- 長親/长亲
- 關親/关亲
- 隱不違親/隐不违亲
- 隱親/隐亲
- 雙親/双亲 (shuāngqīn)
- 非親非故/非亲非故 (fēiqīnfēigù)
- 題親/题亲
- 顯親/显亲
- 顯親揚名/显亲扬名
- 骨肉至親/骨肉至亲 (gǔròuzhìqīn)
Etymology 2
[edit]trad. | 親 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 亲* | |
alternative forms |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): can3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhîn
- Eastern Min (BUC): chĭng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1chin
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cìng
- Wade–Giles: chʻing4
- Yale: chìng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chinq
- Palladius: цин (cin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Note: Irregular, due to assimilation by the following velar k- initial of 家.
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: can3
- Yale: chan
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsan3
- Guangdong Romanization: cen3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐn³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhîn
- Hakka Romanization System: qinˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qin1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰin²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chĭng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Lukang, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Sanxia)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheng
- Tâi-lô: tshing
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhefng
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Yilan, Tainan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheⁿ
- Tâi-lô: tshenn
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhvef
- IPA (Kaohsiung, Yilan, Tainan): /t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɛ̃⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cing1 / cêng1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshing / tsheng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiŋ³³/, /t͡sʰeŋ³³/
- (Teochew)
Note: cêng1 - Jieyang.
- Middle Chinese: tshinH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰins/
Definitions
[edit]親
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 親 – see 嚫. (This character is a variant form of 嚫). |
Etymology 4
[edit]trad. | 親 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 亲* |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chim
Definitions
[edit]親
- (Hokkien) Alternative form of 唚 (“to kiss”)
-
- 情不自禁親你的相片 [Taiwanese Hokkien, trad.]
- chêng-put-chū-kìm chim lí ê siòng-phìⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
- I couldn't help myself but kiss your photo
情不自禁亲你的相片 [Taiwanese Hokkien, simp.]
-
References
[edit]- “親”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[3], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]親
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
- Kun: おや (oya, 親, Jōyō); したしい (shitashii, 親しい, Jōyō); したしむ (shitashimu, 親しむ, Jōyō); みずから (mizukara, 親ら)
- Nanori: ぎ (gi); ちか (chika); のり (nori)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
- 両親 (ryōshin, “parents”)
- 親子 (oyako, “parent and child”)
- 親父 (oyaji, “an old man”)
- 親潮 (oyashio, “Oyashio Current”)
- 親指 (oyayubi, “a thumb”)
- 親愛 (shin'ai, “deep affection”)
- 親戚 (shinseki, “relative”)
- 親切 (shinsetsu, “kindness, helpfulness, friendliness; kind, helpful”)
- 親善 (shinzen, “friendship, goodwill”)
- 親日 (shinnichi, “pro-Japanese”)
- 親睦 (shinboku, “friendship, amicability”)
- 親身 (shinmi, “relation, kin”)
- 親密 (shinmitsu, “intimacy, closeness; intime, close”)
- 親友 (shin'yū, “close friend, bosom buddy”)
- 親類 (shinrui, “relative, kin”)
- 親王 (shinnō)
- 親方 (oyakata)
- 親等
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
親 |
おや Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
祖 |
From Old Japanese,[1] from Proto-Japonic *əya. Cognate with or derived from Old Japanese verb 老ゆ (oyu, “to become old”, modern 老いる oiru), from the idea of one's elders.[2]
First cited in the Kojiki of 712.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- [from 720] a parent
- 1988 July 30 [1984 July 25], Fujiko Fujio, “世界名作童話第1巻, みにくいアヒルの子 [World’s Renowned Fairy Tales Book 1: The Ugly Duckling]”, in ポストの中の明日 [Post-Mid-Tomorrow] (藤子・F・不二雄のSF短編; 2), 10th edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 112:
- ぼくのほんとのおやはだれかしら。
- Boku no honto no oya wa dare kashira.
- What are my real parents like?
- ぼくのほんとのおやはだれかしら。
- [from 1001] the originator or founder of a school, company, or other organization
- [from 1001] the boss or leader
- [from 1809] the larger one of several objects of the same kind
- [from 1686] (hanafuda, card games, by extension, board games) the dealer, (gambling) the banker
- Coordinate term: 子 (ko)
- [from 712] one's ancestors, one's forebears
Idioms
[edit]Derived terms
- 親の心子知らず (oya no kokoro ko shirazu): “the child doesn't know the parent's heart” → the child doesn't know the pain they cause their parents
- 親の光は七光 (oya no hikari wa nana hikari): “a parent's bright light is seven bright lights” → a parent's social standing can be a huge influence on a person as they come into adulthood
Etymology 2
[edit]Prefix
[edit]- pro- (supportive of)
Antonyms
[edit]- 反 (han)
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “親・祖”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 親 (MC tshin|tshinH). Recorded as Middle Korean 친 (chin) (Yale: chin) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
[edit]親 (eumhun 친할 친 (chinhal chin))
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
- 친애 (親愛, chinae)
- 친가 (親家, chin'ga)
- 친감 (親監, chin'gam)
- 친교 (親交, chin'gyo)
- 친구 (親舊, chin'gu)
- 친권 (親權, chin'gwon)
- 친근 (親近, chin'geun)
- 친목 (親睦, chinmok)
- 친밀 (親密, chinmil)
- 친분 (親分, chinbun)
- 친서 (親書, chinseo)
- 천선 (親善, cheonseon)
- 친속 (親屬, chinsok)
- 친숙 (親熟, chinsuk)
- 친일 (親日, chinil)
- 친자 (親子, chinja)
- 친절 (親切, chinjeol)
- 친정 (親庭, chinjeong)
- 친정 (親征, chinjeong)
- 친족 (親族, chinjok)
- 친지 (親知, chinji)
- 친척 (親戚, chincheok)
- 친형 (親兄, chinhyeong)
- 친화 (親和, chinhwa)
- 극친 (極親, geukchin)
- 근친 (近親, geunchin)
- 돈친 (敦親, donchin)
- 망친 (亡親, mangchin)
- 모친 (母親, mochin)
- 부친 (父親, buchin)
- 삼친 (三親, samchin)
- 양친 (兩親, yangchin)
- 엄친 (嚴親, eomchin)
- 족친 (族親, jokchin)
- 종친 (宗親, jongchin)
- 친밀감 (親密感, chinmilgam)
- 친삼촌 (親三寸, chinsamchon)
- 친손녀 (親孫女, chinsonnyeo)
- 친손자 (親孫子, chinsonja)
- 친자식 (親子息, chinjasik)
- 친형제 (親兄弟, chinhyeongje)
- 방친영 (房親迎, bangchinyeong)
- 사친회 (師親會, sachinhoe)
- 위친계 (爲親契, wichin'gye)
- 등화가친 (燈火可親, deunghwagachin)
References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [4]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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