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U+7279, 特
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7279

[U+7278]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+727A]
U+3295, ㊕
CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH SPECIAL

[U+3294]
Enclosed CJK Letters and Months
[U+3296]

Translingual

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Stroke order
10 strokes

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 93, +6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹手土木戈 (HQGDI), four-corner 24541, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 700, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20013
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1113, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1808, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+7279

Chinese

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trad.
simp. #
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *dɯːɡ) : semantic (ox) + phonetic (OC *ljɯs) – large bull.

Etymology

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There seem to be two main semantic fields: "bull" and "single; unique". It is unclear whether these two fields are related. Schuessler (2007) suggests a possible derivation of "bull" from "match", but "bull" seems to be the earlier sense. The "single; unique" sense could be an extension of "bull" due to its largeness (Li Xueqin, 2012).

In the "bull" sense, it is related to (OC *dɯɡ, “ox”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Wang (1982) relates the "three-year-animal" sense to (OC *l'oːɡ, “calf”); see there for more.

In the "single" sense, it is related to (OC *dɯɡ, “simply; only”), (OC *tjɯɡ, “simply; only”) (Schuessler, 2007). Wang (1982) relates it to (OC *l'aː) and (OC *daːnʔ) in the "only" sense, as well as (OC *doːɡ, “single”) in the "single" sense, but see these entries for more.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • tah5 - vernacular;
  • teh5 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /tʰɤ⁵¹/
Harbin /tʰɤ⁵³/
Tianjin /tʰɤ⁵³/
Jinan /tʰə⁴²/ ~別
/tei⁴²/ ~為
Qingdao /tʰə⁵⁵/ ~務
/te⁵⁵/ ~為
Zhengzhou /tʰɛ²⁴/
Xi'an /tʰei²⁴/
Xining /tʰɨ²⁴/
Yinchuan /tʰa¹³/
/tʰia¹³/
/tʰə¹³/
Lanzhou /tʰə¹³/
Ürümqi /tʰɤ²¹³/
Wuhan /tʰɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /tʰe³¹/
/tʰie³¹/
Guiyang /tʰɛ²¹/
Kunming /tʰə³¹/
Nanjing /tʰəʔ⁵/
Hefei /tʰɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /tʰaʔ²/
Pingyao /tʰʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /tʰaʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /dəʔ¹/
Suzhou /dəʔ³/
Hangzhou /dəʔ²/
Wenzhou /de²¹³/
Hui Shexian /tʰe²²/
/tʰi²²/
Tunxi /tʰe¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /tʰə²⁴/
Xiangtan /tʰæ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /tʰɛʔ²/
Hakka Meixian /tʰit̚⁵/
Taoyuan /tʰit̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tɐk̚²/
Nanning /tɐk̚²²/
Hong Kong /tɐk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tik̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tɛiʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /tʰɛ²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /tek̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔdek̚³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (7)
Final () (131)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter dok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/dək̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/dək̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/dək̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/dək̚/
Li
Rong
/dək̚/
Wang
Li
/dək̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/dʱək̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
dak6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ dok ›
Old
Chinese
/*[d]ˁək/
English bull

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 12055
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*dɯːɡ/

Definitions

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  1. bull; ox
  2. cattle
  3. (of animals, especially bull) male
  4. one domestic animal
  5. three-year-old animal
  6. (literary) single; alone; by oneself
  7. match; mate; spouse
  8. to stand tall
  9. special; unique; distinguished
  10. (literary) only; just
  11. specially; intentionally
  12. (colloquial) especially; outstandingly
    今天天氣今天天气  ―  Jīntiān tiānqì rè.  ―  It's especially hot today.
  13. in vain
  14. unexpectedly; yet
  15. Short for 特務特务 (tèwù, “special agent; spy”).
  16. (Mainland China) Short for 特克斯 (tèkèsī, “tex”).
  17. a surname

Synonyms

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Compounds

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Descendants

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  • Bouyei: dag (male (of animals); classifier for male animals)
  • Proto-Southwestern Tai: *tʰɤkᴰ (young male animal)
    • Thai: ถึก (tʉ̀k, young ox; male water buffalo)
    • Lao: ເຖິກ (thœk, male (of animals))
  • Proto-Vietic: *dək (male)
    • Vietnamese: đực (male (of animal); bull)
  • Zhuang: daeg (male (of animals); classifier for young males)

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. ox, bull
  2. special, exceptional, extraordinary
  3. especially

Readings

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Compounds

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Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC dok, “special; male livestock”).

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 특별할 (teukbyeolhal teuk))
(eumhun 수컷 (sukeot teuk))

  1. (used in compounds) hanja form? of (special; exceptional)
  2. (literary) hanja form? of (male animal)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: đặc, đực, đước, được, sệt

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.