牙
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]牙 (Kangxi radical 92, 牙+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 一女木竹 (MVDH), four-corner 10240, composition ⿹⿻𠃋丁丿)
- Kangxi radical #92, ⽛.
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №39
Derived characters
[edit]- Appendix:Chinese radical/牙
- 伢, 冴, 呀, 𡉪, 岈, 㤉, 㧎, 𣲨, 犽, 𰀍, 迓, 枒, 𤆹, 玡, 砑, 䄰, 𧘪, 𦕆, 蚜, 𧠖, 𧣐, 訝 (讶), 谺, 釾 (䥺), 颬, 𩨠, 𩶀(𬶅), 齖 (𬹺), 𫰎, 𬦤, 𮐍
- 𠚾, 𠡁, 邪, 雅, 䪵, 鴉 (鸦), 𪖕, 𢗬, 𥁆, 𡵥, 芽, 穿, 䍓, 笌, 厊, 庌, 疨, 閕, 衺, 𮗍, 𭓟, 𭯲
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 695, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19909
- Dae Jaweon: page 1108, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1419, character 8
- Unihan data for U+7259
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 牙 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 牙 | |
alternative forms | 𤘈 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 牙 | |||
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Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Etymology
[edit]Norman and Mei (1976) propose that this was a substrate loan; cf. Proto-Vietic *ŋaː (“ivory”) (Vietnamese ngà), Proto-Tai *ŋaːᴬ (“tusk; ivory”) (Thai งา (ngaa)). Pulleyblank (1983) disagrees with their hypothesis and considers Old Chinese to be the donor of this Wanderwort instead.
STEDT provisionally sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ŋja (“tusk; tooth”), comparing it to Mizo ngho (“tusk; fang”), Manipuri ꯌꯥ (yaa, “tooth”), Mru [script needed] (hngou, “tooth”), Pa'o Karen [script needed] (tə́ʔ ŋà, “tooth”).
- Hong Kong Cantonese neologism prefix
- From 阿 (aa3).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ya2
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): niá
- (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): yá
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): я (i͡a, I) / ня (ni͡a, I)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ngaa4 / ngaa4-2
- (Dongguan, Jyutping++): ngaa4
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): nga3
- (Yangjiang, Jyutping++): ngaa4
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ngaa4 / ngaa4-2
- Gan (Wiktionary): nga4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): nia1 / ia1
- Northern Min (KCR): ngâ
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngà / ngāi
- Southern Min
- Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): njaa4
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6nga / 2nga / 2ngo / 2gha / 6ya / 2ya
- Xiang
- (Changsha, Wiktionary): nga2 / ia2
- (Loudi, Wiktionary): ngo2
- (Hengyang, Wiktionary): nga2 / ia2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄚˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yá
- Wade–Giles: ya2
- Yale: yá
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ya
- Palladius: я (ja)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jä³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ya2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ia
- Sinological IPA (key): /ia²¹/
- (Xi'an)
- Guanzhong Pinyin: niá
- Sinological IPA (key): /nia²⁴/
- (Nanjing)
- Nanjing Pinyin: yá
- Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): ya2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ia²⁴/
- (Dungan)
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngaa4 / ngaa4-2
- Yale: ngàh / ngá
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngaa4 / ngaa4-2
- Guangdong Romanization: nga4 / nga4-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋaː²¹/, /ŋaː²¹⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Jyutping++: ngaa4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: nga3
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡa²²/
- (Yangjiang Yue, Jiangcheng)
- Jyutping++: ngaa4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa⁴²/
- (Dongguan, Guancheng)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nga4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa³⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngà
- Hakka Romanization System: ngaˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: nga2
- Sinological IPA: /ŋa¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: nia1 / ia1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /nia¹¹/, /ia¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngâ
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa³³/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngà / ngāi
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa⁵³/, /ŋai³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- gê/gêe/giêe - vernacular (“tooth; fang; ivory; broker”);
- gâ - literary (“screw thread”).
- nge5 - vernacular;
- ia5 - literary.
- Southern Pinghua
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Jyutping++: njaa4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɲa²¹/
- (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- Wugniu: 6nga
- MiniDict: nga去
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3nga
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ŋa²³/
- (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou)
- (Northern: Changzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
- (Northern: Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan)
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- Wugniu: 6ya
- MiniDict: ya去
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 3hhia
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦia²³/
- (Northern: Songjiang, Suzhou, Changzhou, Haining, Haiyan, Hangzhou)
- (Northern: Shanghai)
- 6nga/2nga/2ngo/2gha - colloquial;
- 6ya/2ya - literary.
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: nga2 / ia2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋa̠¹³/, /i̯a̠¹³/
- (Changsha)
- nga2 - vernacular;
- ia2 - literary.
- (Loudi)
- Wiktionary: ngo2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋɔ¹³/
- (Hengyang)
- Wiktionary: nga2 / ia2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋä¹¹/, /i̯ä¹¹/
- nga2 - vernacular;
- ia2 - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 牙 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ia³⁵/ |
Harbin | /ia²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /iɑ⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /ia⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /ia⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ia⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /nia²⁴/ | |
Xining | /ia²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /ia⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ia⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ia⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /ia²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /ia³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /ia²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ia̠³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /iɑ²⁴/ | |
Hefei | /ia⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /nia¹¹/ /ia¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /ȵiɑ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /ia³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ŋa²³/ /ɦia²³/ |
Suzhou | /ŋɑ¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /ɦiɑ²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /ŋo³¹/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /ŋa⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | /ŋɔ⁴⁴/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /ia¹³/ /ŋa¹³/ |
Xiangtan | /ŋɒ¹²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /ŋɑ⁴⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /ŋa¹¹/ |
Taoyuan | /ŋɑ¹¹/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ŋa²¹/ |
Nanning | /ŋa²¹/ | |
Hong Kong | /ŋa²¹/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /ga³⁵/ /ge³⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /ŋa⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ŋa³³/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /ŋẽ⁵⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /za³¹/ /ŋɛ³¹/ |
- Middle Chinese: ngae
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-ɢˤ<r>a/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋraː/
Definitions
[edit]牙
- (anatomy) tooth (Classifier: 顆/颗 m; 隻/只 m c; 棚 c)
- 拔牙 ― báyá ― to take out a tooth
- 我牙疼。 ― Wǒ yá téng. ― I have a toothache.
- (anatomy) ivory; tusk of elephant
- 牙雕 ― yádiāo ― ivory sculpture
- screw thread
- (literary, obsolete) to bite
- (obsolete) Alternative form of 衙 (“government office; yamen”)
- (obsolete) Alternative form of 芽 (yá, “to sprout”)
- (Hong Kong Cantonese, Internet slang, leetspeak, neologism) Prefix used in front of the surname or last character of someone’s given name to express familiarity or friendliness.
- (historical) broker
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 人工植牙
- 人牙兒/人牙儿
- 以牙還牙/以牙还牙 (yǐyáhuányá)
- 伯子牙
- 伯牙
- 佛牙 (fóyá)
- 伶牙俐嘴
- 伶牙俐齒/伶牙俐齿
- 伯牙絕絃/伯牙绝弦
- 伯牙鼓琴
- 佶屈聱牙 (jíqū'áoyá)
- 俐齒伶牙/俐齿伶牙
- 倒牙
- 借齒牙/借齿牙
- 假牙 (jiǎyá)
- 冇牙老虎
- 出生牙
- 切齒咬牙/切齿咬牙
- 刷牙 (shuāyá)
- 剔牙 (tīyá)
- 剝牙/剥牙
- 努牙突嘴
- 包牙
- 匈牙利 (Xiōngyálì)
- 叉牙
- 味勝易牙/味胜易牙
- 呲牙
- 呲牙裂嘴
- 咿咿牙牙
- 咬定牙根
- 咬定牙關/咬定牙关
- 咬牙 (yǎoyá)
- 咨牙倈嘴/咨牙俫嘴
- 咬牙切齒/咬牙切齿 (yǎoyáqièchǐ)
- 咬緊牙關/咬紧牙关 (yǎojǐnyáguān)
- 哨牙
- 嗑牙
- 嗑牙料嘴
- 噴牙/喷牙
- 埋牙
- 塞牙
- 塞牙縫/塞牙缝
- 壁牙
- 大牙 (dàyá)
- 大纛高牙
- 奶牙 (nǎiyá)
- 姜子牙
- 子牙河
- 尾牙 (wěiyá)
- 張牙舞爪/张牙舞爪 (zhāngyáwǔzhǎo)
- 彈牙/弹牙 (tányá)
- 心膂爪牙
- 怒目咬牙 (nùmù yǎoyá)
- 房牙子
- 打牙兒/打牙儿
- 打牙巴骨
- 打牙戰/打牙战
- 打牙犯嘴
- 打牙祭 (dǎ yájì)
- 打牙訕口/打牙讪口
- 押牙
- 拔牙 (báyá)
- 拾人牙慧 (shírényáhuì)
- 挑牙
- 挑牙料脣/挑牙料唇
- 換牙/换牙 (huànyá)
- 摩牙
- 新生牙
- 易牙 (Yì Yá)
- 易牙之味
- 易牙蒸子
- 暴牙 (bàoyá)
- 月牙 (yuèyá)
- 月牙泉 (Yuèyáquán)
- 月牙鏟/月牙铲
- 板牙 (bǎnyá)
- 查牙
- 植牙
- 槎牙
- 槽牙 (cáoyá)
- 機牙/机牙
- 毒牙
- 沒牙虎兒/没牙虎儿
- 沾牙
- 洗牙 (xǐyá)
- 海牙 (Hǎiyá)
- 無牙/无牙
- 爪牙 (zhǎoyá)
- 爪牙之士
- 爪牙之將/爪牙之将
- 爪牙吏
- 爪牙官
- 版牙
- 牙人 (yárén)
- 牙儈/牙侩 (yákuài)
- 牙兒/牙儿
- 牙刷 (yáshuā)
- 牙印子
- 牙口
- 牙周 (yázhōu)
- 牙周病 (yázhōubìng)
- 牙垢 (yágòu)
- 牙城
- 牙婆 (yápó)
- 牙子 (yázi)
- 牙官
- 牙家
- 牙將/牙将
- 牙尖嘴利
- 牙幫骨/牙帮骨
- 牙床 (yáchuáng)
- 牙後慧/牙后慧
- 牙慧
- 牙推
- 牙旗
- 牙板
- 牙根 (yágēn)
- 牙根癢癢/牙根痒痒
- 牙根管
- 牙槌
- 牙機/牙机
- 牙橋/牙桥
- 牙櫱/牙蘖
- 牙爪
- 牙牌
- 牙牙 (yáyá)
- 牙牙學語/牙牙学语 (yáyáxuéyǔ)
- 牙疼 (yáténg)
- 牙疳
- 牙疼咒 (yáténgzhòu)
- 牙癢癢/牙痒痒
- 牙白口清
- 牙盤日/牙盘日
- 牙磁
- 牙磣/牙碜
- 牙祭 (yájì)
- 牙科 (yákē)
- 牙科醫學/牙科医学
- 牙稅/牙税
- 牙笏
- 牙管一雙/牙管一双
- 牙箸
- 牙簽犀軸/牙签犀轴
- 牙籌/牙筹
- 牙籤/牙签 (yáqiān)
- 牙籤玉軸/牙签玉轴
- 牙籤萬軸/牙签万轴
- 牙籤錦軸/牙签锦轴
- 牙粉 (yáfěn)
- 牙結石/牙结石
- 牙線/牙线 (yáxiàn)
- 牙縫高低/牙缝高低
- 牙肉 (yáròu)
- 牙膏 (yágāo)
- 牙色
- 牙花
- 牙菌斑 (yájūnbān)
- 牙蟲/牙虫 (yáchóng)
- 牙行 (yáháng)
- 牙買加/牙买加 (Yámǎijiā)
- 牙質/牙质
- 牙輪/牙轮
- 牙道
- 牙郎 (yáláng)
- 牙醫/牙医 (yáyī)
- 牙釉質/牙釉质
- 牙鑽/牙钻
- 牙門/牙门 (yámén)
- 牙關/牙关 (yáguān)
- 牙關緊閉/牙关紧闭
- 牙雕
- 牙音 (yáyīn)
- 牙章
- 牙風/牙风
- 牙骹
- 牙髓 (yásuǐ)
- 牙髓炎
- 牙齒/牙齿 (yáchǐ)
- 牙齦/牙龈 (yáyín)
- 犬牙 (quǎnyá)
- 犬牙交錯/犬牙交错 (quǎnyájiāocuò)
- 犬牙差互
- 犬牙盤石/犬牙盘石
- 犬牙相制
- 犬牙相臨/犬牙相临
- 犬牙相錯/犬牙相错
- 犬牙鷹爪/犬牙鹰爪
- 犯牙兒/犯牙儿
- 狄牙
- 狼牙 (lángyá)
- 狼牙拍
- 狼牙棒
- 獠牙 (liáoyá)
- 當門牙齒/当门牙齿
- 發牙豆/发牙豆
- 盤牙/盘牙
- 矼牙
- 磕牙
- 磕牙料嘴
- 磨牙 (móyá)
- 磨牙手機/磨牙手机
- 禍發齒牙/祸发齿牙
- 禡牙/祃牙
- 科牙磕齒/科牙磕齿
- 笑掉大牙 (xiàodiàodàyá)
- 簷牙/檐牙
- 紅牙/红牙 (hóngyá)
- 紅牙板/红牙板
- 老掉牙 (lǎodiàoyá)
- 聖地牙哥/圣地牙哥 (Shèngdìyágē)
- 聱牙
- 能牙利爪 (néngyálìzhǎo)
- 舞爪張牙/舞爪张牙
- 葡萄牙 (Pútáoyá)
- 虎口拔牙
- 虎牙 (hǔyá)
- 蛀牙 (zhùyá)
- 蟲吃牙/虫吃牙
- 蟲牙/虫牙 (chóngyá)
- 西班牙 (Xībānyá)
- 西班牙港 (Xībānyágǎng)
- 西班牙語/西班牙语 (xībānyáyǔ)
- 討口牙/讨口牙
- 詰屈聱牙/诘屈聱牙 (jíqū'áoyá)
- 課嘴撩牙/课嘴撩牙
- 課牙/课牙
- 象牙 (xiàngyá)
- 象牙塔 (xiàngyátǎ)
- 象牙婚
- 象牙木
- 象牙海岸 (Xiàngyá Hǎi'àn)
- 象牙貝/象牙贝
- 象牙質/象牙质 (xiàngyázhì)
- 象牙雕
- 鉤爪鋸牙/钩爪锯牙
- 鋸牙/锯牙
- 鋼牙/钢牙 (gāngyá)
- 鋸牙鉤爪/锯牙钩爪
- 鑲牙/镶牙
- 長嘴獠牙/长嘴獠牙
- 門牙/门牙 (ményá)
- 閒打牙兒/闲打牙儿
- 閒磕牙/闲磕牙
- 雀角鼠牙
- 雌牙扮齒/雌牙扮齿
- 雌牙露嘴
- 雌牙鬼
- 青臉獠牙/青脸獠牙
- 青面獠牙 (qīngmiànliáoyá)
- 頭牙/头牙
- 高牙
- 高牙大纛
- 鬥牙拌齒/斗牙拌齿
- 鬥牙鬥齒/斗牙斗齿
- 鼠牙雀角
- 齒牙/齿牙
- 齒牙為猾/齿牙为猾
- 齒牙為禍/齿牙为祸
- 齒牙餘論/齿牙余论
- 齙牙/龅牙 (bāoyá)
- 齜牙/龇牙
- 齜牙咧嘴/龇牙咧嘴 (zīyáliězuǐ)
- 龍牙/龙牙
- 龍牙草/龙牙草 (lóngyácǎo)
Descendants
[edit]Others:
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
牙 |
き Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]Although this term is no longer used in isolation, it does persist in certain compounds.
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
牙 |
きば Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Compound of Old Japanese elements 牙 (ki, “fang, tusk”) + 歯 (ha, “tooth”).[2] The ha changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- fang, tusk, tooth (particularly the canines)
- (falconry) dog (primarily used for counting hunting dogs)
Usage notes
[edit]This is the most common term for fang in modern Japanese.
Derived terms
[edit]Idioms
[edit]- 牙を噛む (kiba o kamu): “to bite one's fangs” → to gnash one's teeth
- 牙を研ぐ (kiba o togu): “to sharpen one's fangs” → to prepare to hurt one's opponent. Compare sharpen one's claws
- 牙を鳴らす (kiba o narasu): “to clash one's fangs” → to gnash one's teeth; to get angry; to bare one's fangs
- 牙を剥く (kiba o muku): “to bare one's fangs”
- 牙あるものは角無し (kiba aru mono wa tsuno nashi): “the one with fangs has no horns” → a metaphor for how no one is endowed with every advantage
See also
[edit]- 門歯 (monshi): incisor tooth
- 犬歯 (kenshi): canine tooth
- 小臼歯 (shōkyūshi): premolar
- 臼歯 (kyūshi): molar
- 象牙 (zōge): elephant tusk, ivory
Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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牙 |
かび Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Cognate with, and probably the noun derivation of, verb 黴びる (kabiru, “to go moldy”), from the root idea of something sprouting.[2] Used in the Kojiki.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 4
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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牙 |
は Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Non-standard alternative spelling for 歯 (ha, “tooth”).[2]
For pronunciation and definitions of 牙 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 牙, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 5
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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牙 |
げ Grade: S |
goon |
From Middle Chinese 牙 (MC ngae). Compare modern Min Nan reading gê.
The goon reading, so probably the reading as first imported into Japanese.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]The tooth meaning is much more commonly expressed using the word 歯 (ha).
Derived terms
[edit]- 牙の笏 (ge no shaku): an ivory mace or scepter, used by certain social classes in ancient Japan
- 牙歯 (geshi): teeth, tusks, or fangs
- 牙軸 (gejiku): the inner edge of a scroll around which the scroll is wound, or an edge of a folding book to which pages are bound, made of ivory
- 牙床, 牙象 (geshō): a kind of cutout decorative carving technique for panels, wherein the corners are left intact to reinforce the structure of the panel
- 牙彫 (gebori): a carving made from a tusk or fang, more specifically made of elephant ivory
- 牙笏 (geshaku): an ivory mace or scepter, used by certain social classes in ancient Japan
Etymology 6
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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牙 |
が Grade: S |
kan'on |
From Middle Chinese 牙 (MC ngae). Compare modern Cantonese reading ngaa4.
The kan'on reading, so probably a later importation.
Pronunciation
[edit]Affix
[edit]Usage notes
[edit]The ga reading is only used in compounds, and is never used in isolation.
Derived terms
[edit]- 牙営 (gaei): the headquarters of a general in a field camp
- 牙音 (gaon): a velar consonant (obsolete)
- 牙関緊急 (gakan kinkyū): lockjaw, a common symptom in the early stages of tetanus
- 牙旗 (gaki): a flag raised at the site of an emperor's or general's field camp
- 牙行 (gakō): in China, a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction
- 牙山 (Gazan): the city of Asan, a port in South Korea
- 牙商 (gashō): a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction
- 牙城 (gajō): the keep or main residence within a castle; a headquarters, a base, a stronghold
- 牙人 (gajin): in China, a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction
- 牙銭 (gasen): a fee or commission charged by a 牙行 (gakō)
- 牙虫 (gamushi): a water scavenger beetle of family Hydrophilidae
- 牙斧 (gafu): a small axe or hatchet made from boar tusk
- 牙保 (gaho): a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction
- 牙保罪 (gahozai): the crime of fencing goods known to be stolen
- 牙保犯 (gahohan): the crime of fencing goods known to be stolen
- 牙門 (gamon): a gate on which a general's flag is flying; an army's headquarters
- 牙籌 (gachū): an abacus; more specifically, an ivory abacus
- 牙籤, 牙籖 (gasen): a small placard or label made of ivory; a small claw-shaped ivory clasp for holding a book closed
- 牙纛 (gatō): the flag of a general's army, the pole of which was traditionally decorated with ivory on the end
- 牙儈 (gakai): in China, a middleman or go-between in a commercial transaction
References
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 牙 (MC ngae).
Recorded as Middle Korean ᅌᅡᆼ (Yale: nga) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Recorded as Middle Korean 아 (a) (Yale: a) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
[edit]- hanja form? of 아 (“molar; cheek tooth”)
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 坡㴜牙 (Bờ Biển Ngà, “Ivory Coast”)
- 牙㺔 (ngà voi, “ivory”)
- 牙士 (nha sĩ, “dentist”)
- 牙科 (nha khoa, “dentistry”)
- 葡萄牙 (Bồ Đào Nha, “Portugal”)
- 西班牙 (Tây Ban Nha, “Spain”)
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