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U+7BB8, 箸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7BB8

[U+7BB7]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7BB9]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 118, +9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹十大日 (HJKA), four-corner 88604, composition 𥫗)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 891, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26224
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1318, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2979, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7BB8

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *tas, *das) : semantic (bamboo) + phonetic (OC *tjaːʔ).

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Min

The Classical Chinese word for "chopsticks". It has been replaced by 筷子 (kuàizi) in many dialects for taboo reasons, avoiding homophony with (zhù, “stopping”) in boatmen's language. Still used in almost all Min dialects and sporadically in other topolects, such as Southern Wu topolects including Wenzhounese.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • de7 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
  • du7 - Chaoyang, Puning, Huilai.
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin: du1 / zu7
      • Sinological IPA: /tu³⁵/, /t͡su⁵⁵/
Note:
  • du1 - vernacular;
  • zu7 - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (11)
Final () (22)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter drjoH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɖɨʌH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɖiɔH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȡiɔH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɖɨə̆H/
Li
Rong
/ȡiɔH/
Wang
Li
/ȡĭoH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ȡʱi̯woH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zyu6
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhù
Middle
Chinese
‹ drjoH ›
Old
Chinese
/*[d]<r>ak-s/
English chopsticks

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 16999
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*das/

Definitions

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  1. (literary or regional) chopsticks (Classifier: ;  md mn)
  2. (Min) chopstick-shaped object
    [Eastern Min]  ―  bĭng-*dê̤ṳ / [piŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ tøy²⁴²] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  ice lolly
  3. (literary or Southwestern Mandarin, Cantonese) Classifier for an amount of food held with a pair of chopsticks: chopstickful
    [Cantonese, trad.]
    [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 gaap3 zyu6 min6 bei2 nei5 si3 haa5 a1. [Jyutping]
    I'll get a chopstickful of noodles for you to try.

Synonyms

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Compounds

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Descendants

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  • Baha: daau³³ (chopsticks)
  • Bouyei: deh (chopsticks)
  • Burmese: (via Min Nan) တူ (tu, chopsticks)
  • Korean: (, jeo) > 젓가락 (jeotgarak, “chopsticks”)
  • Lao: ຖູ່ (thū) > ໄມ້ຖູ່ (mai thū, chopsticks)
  • Lolopo: azzu (chopsticks)
  • Lü: ᦏᦴᧈ (ṫhuu¹) > ᦙᦺᧉᦏᦴᧈ (may²ṫhuu¹, chopsticks)
  • Proto-Hmong-Mien: *drouH (chopsticks)
  • Nuosu: (rrup, chopsticks)
  • Sui: zuh (chopsticks)
  • Vietnamese: đũa (chopsticks)
  • Zhuang: dawh (chopsticks)

Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to attach to; to stick to; to adhere to; etc.”).
(This character is a variant form of ).

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jōyō kanji)

  1. chopstick

Readings

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From Middle Chinese (MC drjoH); compare Mandarin (zhù):

  • Go-on: じょ (jo)ぢよ (dyo, historical)
  • Kan-on: ちょ (cho)

From Middle Chinese; compare Mandarin (zhuó):

From native Japanese roots:

Compounds

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
はし
Grade: S
kun'yomi
  on Japanese Wikipedia

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pasuy (compare Ainu パスイ (pasui)). Possibly related to (beak) or (tip).

Pronunciation

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This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Noun

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(はし) (hashi

  1. a chopstick

See also

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Descendants

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References

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  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(jeo) (hangeul , revised jeo, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, Yale ce)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Việt readings: trứ[1][2][3], trợ[1][3]
: Nôm readings: đũa[4][5][6], trứ[5], chước[5], giạ[5]

  1. Nôm form of đũa (chopstick(s)).

References

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