蓋

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See also: 盖

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Translingual

Han character

蓋 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+10, 14 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 13 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 廿土戈廿 (TGIT), four-corner 44107, composition ⿱艹盍)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1051, character 12
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 31652
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1513, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3260, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+84CB

Chinese

trad. 蓋
simp. 盖
alternative forms 乢

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 蓋
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (盍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蓋 *kaːbs, *kaːb, *ɡaːb
盖 *kaːbs
溘 *kʰaːbs, *kʰoːb, *kʰaːb
搕 *qoːb
嗑 *kaːb, *ɡaːb
榼 *kʰaːb
磕 *kʰaːb, *kʰaːd
瞌 *kʰaːb
盍 *ɡaːb
闔 *ɡaːb
篕 *ɡaːb
熆 *ɡaːb
鰪 *qaːb
廅 *qaːb
圔 *qroːb
饁 *ɢrab

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːbs, *kaːb, *ɡaːb) : semantic 艸 (“grass”) + phonetic 盍 (OC *ɡaːb) — a thatch.

盍 is the original character for the “cover” sense. However, because it was borrowed to mean “why not”, the scope of senses that 蓋 covered expanded to include the “cover” sense (and its extended meanings).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation 1

Note: Erhua-ed pronunciation - only the noun senses.
Note: koi3 - only the non-common-noun senses.
Note:
  • kah - vernacular (“to cover”);
  • kòa - vernacular (noun);
  • kài - literary;
  • kap - literary (“to cover”);
  • khap - vernacular (“to cover”).
Note: gai3 - “to cover”.
Rime
Character 蓋
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 泰 (25)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古太切
Baxter kajH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɑiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kɑiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kɑiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kajH/
Li
Rong 		/kɑiH/
Wang
Li 		/kɑiH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kɑiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		gài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		goi3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蓋
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		gài
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kajH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k]ˁap-s/
English cover (v.); cover (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蓋
Reading # 1/3
No. 5069
Phonetic
component 		盍
Rime
group 		蓋
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		蓋
Old
Chinese 		/*kaːbs/
Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 蓋

  1. to cover; to conceal
    蓋被／盖被 [Hokkien]  ―  kah-phōe [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to put on a blanket
  2. (figurative) to cover up; to conceal
  3. (Southern Min) to put on; to apply
  4. to stamp; to affix (a seal)
  5. to overwhelm; to surpass
  6. to build; to construct
  7. to talk nonsense; to chatter
  8. cover; cap; lid
  9. shell (of a turtle, crab, etc.)
  10. † thatch; straw mat
  11. † canopy
  12. (dialectal) excellent; fantastic
  13. (Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Southern Sixian Hakka) very
  14. † probably; roughly
  15. † for; because
  16. a surname
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 很 (“very”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 甚, 孔
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 很, 非常, 十分
Mandarin Beijing 挺, 很, 倍兒, 怪
Taiwan 很, 好, 非常, 超, 蠻, 超級
Tianjin 挺, 很, 傻, 老, 倍兒, 齁兒
Jinan 挺, 楞
Xi'an 很
Wuhan 蠻, 很
Chengdu 很, 好
Chongqing 很
Yangzhou 蠻, 稀, 很
Hefei 很
Malaysia 很
Singapore 很, 蠻, 非常
Cantonese Guangzhou 好, 非常之
Hong Kong 好, 非常, 非常之, 超, 勁, 十分之
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 好
Taishan 好, 十分之
Yangjiang 好
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 好
Singapore (Guangfu) 好, 非常之, 非常
Gan Nanchang 蠻
Hakka Meixian 好, 刮, 已, 還, 異, 還 exclamation
Huidong (Daling) 好
Wuhua (Meilin) 好
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 頂
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 好
Changting 野
Wuping (Pingyu) 已, 刮
Liancheng 樣
Ninghua 好
Ruijin 蠻
Shicheng 蠻
Shangyou (Shexi) 蠻
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 當, 已, 還
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 蓋, 盡, 還
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 當, 盡, 已, 還
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 當, 已, 還
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 當, 已, 還
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 足, 真, 實在
Hong Kong 好
Sabah (Bao'an) 好
Kuching (Hepo) 很
Singapore (Dabu) 好
Jin Taiyuan 很, 挺
Northern Min Jian'ou 盡
Eastern Min Fuzhou 野, 真
Singapore (Fuqing) 真
Sitiawan (Gutian) 真
Southern Min Xiamen 真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人, 非常, 真正, 設汰
Xiamen (Tong'an) 真
Quanzhou 真, 野, 誠, 有夠, 萬代, 死人, 設汰
Jinjiang 野
Zhangzhou 盡, 蓋, 足, 足範, 有夠, 出奇, 極死, 見死, 死了了, 死人, 設汰, 設汰仔
Zhao'an 很, 真, 死絕, 好, 非常
Dongshan 真, 非常
Taipei 真, 誠
New Taipei (Sanxia) 真, 誠
Kaohsiung 有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
Yilan 有夠, 足, 誠, 盡
Changhua (Lukang) 真, 誠
Taichung 誠, 蓋, 足
Tainan 有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋
Hsinchu 真, 誠
Kinmen 足, 誠
Penghu (Magong) 真, 誠
Penang (Hokkien) 真, 誠, 真正
Singapore (Hokkien) 真, 死爸, 真正, 誠, 足, 有夠
Manila (Hokkien) 野, 真, 萬代, 真誠, 誠, 有夠
Chaozhou 過, 好, 非常, 死爸
Shantou 過, 鐵, 好, 很, 死爸, 死絕
Shantou (Chenghai) 好, 死絕
Shantou (Chaoyang) 好, 非常
Jieyang 過, 好, 死爸, 死絕
Bangkok (Teochew) 好
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 好
Singapore (Teochew) 真, 死爸, 非常
Wenchang 極, 但顧, 真
Haikou 但顧
Qionghai 但顧, 真
Singapore (Hainanese) 但顧, 真
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 好, 蠻
Wu Shanghai 蠻, 老, 邪氣, 老老, 瞎, 絕, 十分, 十二萬分, 非常, 非常之, 畢, 畢畢, 來得, 來得個, 煞, 交關, 十二分 rare, 窮 dated, 野 dated, 邪 dated
Suzhou 蠻, 窮
Hangzhou 蠻, 交關, 木佬佬, 冒
Ningbo 交關, 蠻, 堪, 𣍐好, 𣍐派, 甮派, 出格, 木牢牢 rare, 猛 rare
Zhoushan 交關, 蠻, 猛, 堪, 出格, 木牢牢 rare
Wenzhou 蠻, 蒙, 顯
Xiang Changsha 很, 蠻
Shuangfeng 蠻
Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 蓋
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 盍 (144)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 胡臘切
Baxter hap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦɑp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦɑp̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣɑp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦap̚/
Li
Rong 		/ɣɑp̚/
Wang
Li 		/ɣɑp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ɣɑp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		hé
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hap6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蓋
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		hé
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hap ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m-[k]ˁap/
English thatch, cover (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蓋
Reading # 3/3
No. 5083
Phonetic
component 		盍
Rime
group 		盍
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		盍
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡaːb/
Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 蓋

  1. † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 盍 (hé, “to cover; to join together; thatch”).
  2. † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 闔／阖 (hé, “door leaf”).

Etymology 2

Wikipedia has an article on:

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 蓋
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 盍 (144)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 古盍切
Baxter kap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɑp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kɑp̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kɑp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kap̚/
Li
Rong 		/kɑp̚/
Wang
Li 		/kɑp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/kɑp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		ge
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gap3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蓋
Reading # 2/3
No. 5075
Phonetic
component 		盍
Rime
group 		盍
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		䫦
Old
Chinese 		/*kaːb/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 蓋

  1. (～邑) (historical) Ge (a city in the ancient state of Qi in modern-day Yishui County, Shandong)
  2. a surname

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 蓋
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 盍 (144)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 胡臘切
Baxter hap
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦɑp̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦɑp̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣɑp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦap̚/
Li
Rong 		/ɣɑp̚/
Wang
Li 		/ɣɑp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ɣɑp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		hé
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hap6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蓋
Reading # 3/3
No. 5083
Phonetic
component 		盍
Rime
group 		盍
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		盍
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡaːb/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 蓋

  1. † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 盍 (hé, “why not”).

References

(deprecated template usage)

Japanese

Kanji

蓋

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. cover
  2. lid
  3. flap

Readings

Compounds

Compounds

Etymology

Kanji in this term
蓋
ふた
Grade: S
kun’yomi

Noun

蓋(ふた) or 蓋(フタ) • (futa) 

  1. lid; cap; cover
    箱(はこ)のふた ― hako no futa ― box lid
    ビンの蓋(ふた) ― bin no futa ― cap of a bottle

Korean

Hanja

蓋 • (gae, hap) (hangeul 개, 합, revised gae, hap, McCune–Reischauer kae, hap, Yale kay, hap)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 蓋 (cái)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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