陰
Translingual
Han character
陰 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓中人戈戈 (NLOII), four-corner 78231, composition ⿰阝侌)
Derived characters
Related characters
- 阴 (Simplified form of 陰)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1353, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41691
- Dae Jaweon: page 1855, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4138, character 5
- Unihan data for U+9670
Chinese
trad. | 陰 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 阴 | |
alternative forms | 侌 𠆭 |
Glyph origin
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
貪 | *kʰl'uːm |
嗿 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ |
僋 | *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms |
酓 | *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms |
馠 | *qʰɯːm |
谽 | *qʰɯːm |
唅 | *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms |
含 | *ɡɯːm |
肣 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
頷 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
筨 | *ɡɯːm |
梒 | *ɡɯːm |
鋡 | *ɡɯːm |
莟 | *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms |
琀 | *ɡɯːms |
浛 | *ɡɯːms |
盦 | *qɯːm, *qaːb |
韽 | *qɯːm, *qrɯːms |
玪 | *krɯːm |
妗 | *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms |
欦 | *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm |
黔 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
鈐 | *ɡram |
鳹 | *ɡram |
雂 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
念 | *nɯːms |
梣 | *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm |
枔 | *sɢrɯm |
岑 | *sɡrɯm |
笒 | *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms |
涔 | *sɡrɯm |
侺 | *ɡjɯms |
今 | *krɯm |
黅 | *krɯm |
衿 | *krɯm |
衾 | *kʰrɯm |
坅 | *kʰrɯmʔ |
搇 | *kʰrɯms |
琴 | *ɡrɯm |
禽 | *ɡrɯm |
芩 | *ɡrɯm |
庈 | *ɡrɯm |
耹 | *ɡrɯm |
靲 | *ɡrɯm |
擒 | *ɡrɯm |
檎 | *ɡrɯm |
紟 | *ɡrɯms |
吟 | *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms |
訡 | *ŋɡrɯm |
廞 | *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ |
陰 | *qrɯm |
霠 | |
飲 | *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms |
蔭 | *qrɯms |
廕 | *qrɯms |
矜 | *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ |
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r(u/i)m (“dark; shade; dusk; twilight”); compare Tibetan རུམ (rum, “darkness”), Jingpho rim (“to be dusk”) (Benedict, 1972; Bodman, 1980; STEDT).
Schuessler (2007) compares it instead to Burmese အုံ့ (um., “to become overcast”), Adi mugyum (“shade; shadow”), Lepcha [script needed] (so-dyŭm, “shade”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jam1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yîm
- Northern Min (KCR): éng
- Eastern Min (BUC): ĭng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1in
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yin
- Wade–Giles: yin1
- Yale: yīn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: in
- Palladius: инь (inʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /in⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: йин (yin, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /iŋ²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jam1
- Yale: yām
- Cantonese Pinyin: jam1
- Guangdong Romanization: yem1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɐm⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîm
- Hakka Romanization System: imˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yim1
- Sinological IPA: /im²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîm
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)imˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yim1
- Sinological IPA: /(j)im²⁴/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: éng
- Sinological IPA (key): /eiŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭng
- Sinological IPA (key): /iŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- im - literary;
- iam - vernacular (limited, e.g. 半陰陽).
- Middle Chinese: 'im
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*q(r)um/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qrɯm/
Definitions
- cloudy; overcast
- dark
- † hidden; secret
- † negative
- † the Moon
- shade; shadow
- (philosophy) "female" principle; yin in yin-yang
- (Cantonese) bangs; fringe
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
. - (dialectal) to deceive; to trick; to trap
- genitalia (of humans)
- north side of mountain or south side of river
Antonyms
Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
Readings
- Go-on: おん (on)←おん (on, historical)←おむ (omu, ancient)
- Kan-on: いん (in, Jōyō)←いん (in, historical)←いむ (imu, ancient)
- Kun: かげ (kage, 陰, Jōyō); かげる (kageru, 陰る, Jōyō); くらい (kurai, 陰い); ほと (hoto, 陰)
Compounds
- 陰鬱 (in'utsu)
- 陰影 (in'ei)
- 陰画 (inga, “negative photograph”)
- 陰核 (inkaku, “clitoris”)
- 陰茎 (inkei, “penis”)
- 陰唇 (inshin, “labia”)
- 陰梃 (intei, “clitoris”)
- 陰嚢 (innō, “scrotum”)
- 陰部 (inbu, “genital area”)
- 陰裂 (inretsu, “pudendal cleft”)
- 陰気 (inki)
- 陰極 (inkyoku)
- 陰険 (inken)
- 陰湿 (inshitsu)
- 陰性 (insei)
- 陰電子 (indenshi)
- 陰徳 (intoku)
- 陰謀 (inbō)
- 会陰 (ein, “perineum”)
- 陰陽 (onmyō)
- 陰陽五行 (onmyō gogyō)
- 陰陽師 (onmyōji) a Yin-Yang Master
- 陰陽道 (onmyōdō) "The Way of Yin & Yang"
- 陰口 (kageguchi)
- 日陰 (hikage)
Synonyms
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
陰 |
かげ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
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Noun
- shadow, shade
- 木の陰
- ki no kage
- a shadow of a tree
- 木の陰
- hidden side
- 陰で動き回る
- kage de ugoki mawaru
- maneuver in a hidden side
- 陰の支配者
- kage no shihaisha
- a hidden ruler
- 陰で動き回る
See also
- 影 (kage)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
陰 |
いん Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 陰 (ʔˠiɪm).
Pronunciation
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Affix
- shade; shadow
- shadow of the sun; (figuratively) time
- secret; unknown
- genitalia
- negative; “female”; quiescent; minus
- (philosophy) yin
- north side of mountain; south side of water
- the moon
Noun
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
陰 |
ほと Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
/hoto2/: *[potə] → [ɸoto] → [hoto]. As indicated in the Wamyōshō citation, /to2/ may be related to 処 (/to1/, “place, location”), but the phonological difference can not be explained. Perhaps related to Korean 보지 (poji, “vagina”).
Pronunciation
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Noun
- female genitalia
- (by extension) male genitalia
- 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 2, pages 44-45:
- 陰 釋名云、陰、今案玉茎玉門等通稱也 [...] 原書無其字按神代紀、「陰訓保止、保是含包之言、即所謂在陰翳之義、止、處也」 [...]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Synonyms
References
- Kurano, Kenji with Yūkichi Takeda (712) Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Kojiki, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1958, →ISBN, page 224
- Minamoto, Shitagō with Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.
Korean
Alternative forms
Etymology 1
From Middle Chinese 陰 (MC 'im). Recorded as Middle Korean 隂/음 (um) (Yale: um) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
Compounds
- 음각 (陰刻, eumgak)
- 음경 (陰莖, eumgyeong, “penis”)
- 음계 (陰界, eumgye)
- 음극 (陰極, eumgeuk)
- 음기 (陰氣, eumgi)
- 음낭 (陰囊, eumnang)
- 음덕 (陰德, eumdeok)
- 음력 (陰曆, eumnyeok)
- 음렬 (陰裂, eumnyeol, “pudendal cleft”)
- 음모 (陰毛, eummo)
- 음모 (陰謀, eummo)
- 음문 (陰門, eummun)
- 음밀 (陰密, eummil)
- 음복 (陰伏, eumbok)
- 음부 (陰部, eumbu)
- 음사 (陰事, eumsa)
- 음사 (陰私, eumsa)
- 음선 (陰線, eumseon)
- 음성 (陰性, eumseong)
- 음수 (陰數, eumsu)
- 음순 (陰脣, eumsun, “labia”)
- 음실 (陰室, eumsil)
- 음암 (陰暗, eumam)
- 음애 (陰崖, eumae)
- 음양 (陰陽, eumyang)
- 음영 (陰影, eumyeong)
- 음우 (陰佑, eumu)
- 음울 (陰鬱, eumul)
- 음전 (陰電, eumjeon)
- 음조 (陰助, eumjo)
- 음지 (陰地, eumji)
- 음침 (陰沈, eumchim)
- 음풍 (陰風, eumpung)
- 음해 (陰害, eumhae)
- 음핵 (陰核, eumhaek)
- 음허 (陰虛, eumheo)
- 음험 (陰險, eumheom)
- 음흉 (陰凶, eumhyung)
- 광음 (光陰, gwang'eum)
- 녹음 (綠陰, nogeum)
- 농음 (濃陰, nong'eum)
- 비음 (碑陰, bieum)
- 야음 (夜陰, ya'eum)
- 양음 (涼陰, yang'eum)
- 자음 (滋陰, ja'eum)
- 장음 (廧陰, jang'eum)
- 촌음 (寸陰, choneum)
- 춘음 (春陰, chuneum)
- 태음 (太陰, taeeum)
- 호음 (沍陰, ho'eum)
- 회음 (會陰, hoeeum, “perineum”)
- 음경골 (陰莖骨, eumgyeonggol)
- 음양가 (陰陽家, eumyangga)
- 음전기 (陰電氣, eumjeon'gi)
- 음전자 (陰電子, eumjeonja)
- 대음순 (大陰脣, daeeumsun)
- 소음순 (小陰脣, so'eumsun)
- 태음력 (太陰曆, taeeumnyeok)
Etymology 2
Related to Middle Chinese 闇 (MC 'omH, “dark; gloomy”).
Hanja
陰 (eumhun 침묵할 암 (chimmukhal am))
Synonyms
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Okinawan
Kanji
Compounds
- 陰目 (ほーみー, hōmī, “vagina”)
Etymology
Cognate with Japanese 陰 (hoto).
Noun
References
- Kokuritsu Kokugo Kenkyūjo (国立国語研究所) (1963) 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawa-go Jiten) [Dictionary of the Okinawan Language] (in Japanese), Tokyo (東京): Okurashō Insatsu Kyoku (財務省印刷局)
Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 陰 (âm, ơm)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Compounds
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