惜

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惜 U+60DC, 惜
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-60DC
← 惛
[U+60DB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 惝 →
[U+60DD]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

惜 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 心廿日 (PTA), four-corner 94061, composition ⿰忄昔)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 391, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10814
  • Dae Jaweon: page 725, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2313, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+60DC

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 惜
alternative forms 錫／锡 (sek3) Cantonese
𡃶 (sek3) Cantonese

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (昔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
借 *ʔsjaːɡs, *ʔsjaːɡ
唶 *ʔsjaːɡs
藉 *zjaːɡs, *zjaːɡ
躤 *zjaːɡs
蜡 *zraːɡs, *sʰaːɡs
齰 *zraːɡs, *zraːɡ
醋 *sʰaːɡs
錯 *sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ
措 *sʰaːɡs
厝 *sʰaːɡs, *sʰaːɡ
逪 *sʰaːɡ
剒 *sʰaːɡ
鵲 *sʰaɡ
碏 *sʰaɡ
踖 *sʰaɡ, *ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ
趞 *sʰaɡ
皵 *sʰaɡ, *sʰjaːɡ
舄 *sʰjaːɡ, *sʰaɡ, *sjaːɡ, *sjaːɡ
斮 *ʔsraɡ, *ʔsraːɡ
簎 *zraːwɢ, *sʰraːɡ, *zjaːɡ
諎 *ʔsraːɡ
矠 *sʰreːɡ, *zreːɡ
庴 *ʔsjaːɡ, *zjaːɡ
籍 *zjaːɡ
耤 *zjaːɡ
猎 *zjaːɡ
昔 *sjaːɡ
惜 *sjaːɡ
腊 *sjaːɡ
焟 *sjaːɡ
棤 *sjaːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sjaːɡ): semantic 忄 (“heart”) + phonetic 昔 (OC *sjaːɡ) – a feeling (of the heart).

Note that 昔 has meaning of “past, ending”, hence connotations of “feelings for the past, feeling about an ending – regret, rue”.

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • sik1 - literary (all senses except “to kiss”);
  • sek3 - vernacular (“to kiss; to cherish”).
  • Hakka
    • Note:
    • Sixian:
      • siak - vernacular;
      • sit - literary.
    • Meixian:
      • xiag5 - vernacular;
      • xid5 - literary.
  • Min Dong
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • sioh - vernacular;
    • sek/siak - literary.
    Note:
    • sioh4 - Shantou;
    • siêh4 - Chaozhou.
    Rime
    Character 惜
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 清 (123)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 思積切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/siᴇk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/siɛk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/siæk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/siajk̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/siɛk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/sĭɛk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/si̯ɛk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xi
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sik1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 惜
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xī
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sjek ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s]Ak/
    English regret; alas

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 惜
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 13310
    Phonetic
    component         		昔
    Rime
    group         		鐸
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		昔
    Old
    Chinese         		/*sjaːɡ/

    Definitions[edit]

    惜

    1. to be a pity; to regret
      痛惜  ―  tòngxī  ―  to deeply regret
    2. to cherish; to adore; to value greatly; to love dearly
      珍惜  ―  zhēnxī  ―  to treasure
      我阿哥好惜佢個女㗎。 [Cantonese, trad.]
      我阿哥好惜佢个女㗎。 [Cantonese, simp.]
      ngo5 aa3 go1 hou2 sek3 keoi5 go3 neoi5-2 gaa3. [Jyutping]
      My elder brother loves his daughter dearly.
      惜住嚟用 [Cantonese]  ―  sek3 zyu6 lai4 jung6 [Jyutping]  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)
    3. to grudge; to begrudge; to spare
    4. (Cantonese) to kiss
      媽媽惜咗BB一啖。 [Cantonese, trad.]
      妈妈惜咗BB一啖。 [Cantonese, simp.]
      maa1-4 maa1 sek3 zo2 bi4 bi1 jat1 daam6. [Jyutping]
      The mother gave the baby a kiss.

    Synonyms[edit]

    Dialectal synonyms of 疼 (“to love; to be fond of; to dote on”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 疼1, 疼愛, 疼惜
    Mandarin Taiwan 疼1
    Malaysia 疼
    Singapore 疼1
    Cantonese Guangzhou 惜
    Hong Kong 惜
    Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 矜
    Macau 惜
    Guangzhou (Panyu) 惜, 痛
    Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 惜
    Guangzhou (Conghua) 赤
    Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 嬌
    Foshan 惜
    Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 奇異
    Foshan (Shunde) 痛, 種
    Foshan (Sanshui) 痛惜
    Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 痛惜
    Zhongshan (Shiqi) 惜
    Zhuhai (Qianshan) 惜
    Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 赤
    Zhuhai (Doumen) 恨
    Jiangmen (Baisha) 赤
    Jiangmen (Xinhui) 惜
    Taishan 恨
    Kaiping (Chikan) 恨
    Enping (Niujiang) 恨
    Heshan (Yayao) 痛惜
    Dongguan 敬
    Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 敬
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 惜, 沙央
    Singapore (Guangfu) 惜
    Hakka Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 惜
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 惜
    Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 惜
    Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 惜
    Conghua (Lütian) 惜
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 惜
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 惜
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 惜
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 惜
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 惜
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 惜
    Senai (Huiyang) 沙央
    Kuching (Hepo) 惜
    Min Nan Xiamen 疼2, 疼痛, 疼惜
    Quanzhou 疼2, 疼痛, 疼惜
    Zhangzhou 疼2, 疼痛, 疼惜
    Tainan 疼2, 惜, 疼痛, 疼惜
    Penang (Hokkien) 疼2, 惜, 沙央
    Singapore (Hokkien) 疼2, 惜, 沙央
    Manila (Hokkien) 疼2
    Jieyang 惜
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 惜
    Singapore (Teochew) 惜
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 惜
    Wu Ningbo 值鈿
    Dialectal synonyms of 吻 (“to kiss”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 吻, 親, 親吻
    Mandarin Beijing 吻, 親
    Taiwan 吻, 親
    Yantai (Muping) 親
    Wanrong 親
    Xi'an 親
    Yangzhou 親
    Singapore 吻, 親
    Cantonese Guangzhou 惜, 啜, 痛
    Hong Kong 惜, 啜, 嘴
    Taishan 啜
    Dongguan 啜
    Singapore (Guangfu) 惜
    Hakka Meixian 唚
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 唚
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 唚
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 唚
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 唚
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 唚
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 唚
    Jin Taiyuan 親
    Xinzhou 親
    Min Bei Jian'ou 蜜
    Songxi 鼻
    Zhenghe 蜜
    Jianyang 蜜
    Wuyishan 敕
    Pucheng (Shibei) 鼻
    Min Dong Fuzhou 唚
    Min Nan Xiamen 唚
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 唚
    Quanzhou 唚
    Shishi 唚
    Zhangzhou 唚
    Tainan 唚
    Penang (Hokkien) 唚
    Singapore (Hokkien) 唚
    Manila (Hokkien) 唚
    Chaozhou 唚
    Shantou 唚
    Singapore (Teochew) 唚
    Haikou 惜
    Wu Shanghai 香
    Shanghai (Chongming) 香
    Suzhou 香
    Hangzhou 香
    Ningbo 親

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 惜

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    惜

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. to feel regret, to find something a pity
    2. to cherish

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Definitions[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    惜
    あたら
    Grade: S
    irregular
    For pronunciation and definitions of 惜 – see the following entry.
    【可惜あたら】
    [adverb] (archaic) regrettably; to my great regret
    [adverb] (archaic) unfortunately
    [adverb] (archaic) tragically
    [interjection] alas!
    Alternative spellings
    惜, あったら
    (This term, 惜, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    惜 • (seok) (hangeul 석, revised seok, McCune–Reischauer sŏk, Yale sek)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    惜: Hán Nôm readings: tiếc, tích

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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