ze
English
Etymology 1
Pronunciation
Article
ze
- Nonstandard spelling of the (usually signifying a foreign accent, often French or German).
- 1992, Tristan Jones, Adrift, page 257:
- Then one French-American sous-chef, still in his white kitchen gear, climbed down from the cockpit, where he had been inspecting the cabin, peering inside, murmuring, "wonderfool–wonderfool, ze workmansheep!"
- 1992, Tristan Jones, Adrift, page 257:
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Pronoun
ze
- (rare, nonstandard) a Gender-neutral third-person singular subject pronoun, equivalent to singular they, and coordinate with gendered pronouns he and she.
- 1996 June, Caitlin Sullivan with Bornstein, Kate, Nearly Roadkill: an Infobahn erotic adventure[1], New York: Serpent's Tail, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OL, LCC PS3569.U3449 N43 1996, page 10:
- But I do know what sex ze is. It used to influence me. But now I talk to hir like a normal person. I mean, without thinking about what ze is.
- 1997 December 18, Kate Bornstein, My Gender Workbook: How to Become a Real Man, a Real Woman, the Real You, or Something Else Entirely, London, New York: Routledge, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OL, LCC HQ1075.B69 1998, page 130:
- A case in point is Tula, a transgendered woman who for years lived well as a model and actress until ze was outed in both national and international media.
- 2010 October 12, Erika Lopez, The Girl Must Die: A Monster Girl Memoir, Hicken, Jeffrey, San Francisco: Monster Girl Media, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 143:
- Ze changed hir name to one of those New Testament names, and re-fashioned hirself into a soft, puffy, half-finished hermaphrodite nicknamed, The Pop n' Fresh Doe.
Usage notes
- The genderqueer community are the primary proponents of ze. One refers to a person with ze and hir or zir typically (a) when their gender is unknown, and one wishes to avoid assuming their gender, or (b) when they are neither male nor female in gender, making he and she (and also either/or terms like s/he or (s)he) inappropriate and potentially hurtful.
Synonyms
Coordinate terms
See also
Anagrams
Albanian
Etymology
A Gheg dialect word, of unclear origin.
Noun
ze f (plural ze, definite zeja, definite plural zejet)
Related terms
Aukan
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Dutch zee (“sea”).
Noun
ze
References
- Aukan-English Dictionary (SIL)
Cimbrian
Etymology 1
From Middle High German si(e) (“they”), merged from Old High German sie m pl, sio f pl, siu n pl, from Proto-Germanic *īz m, *ijôz f, *ijō n, the nominative plural forms of *iz. Cognate with German sie, Dutch zij.
Pronoun
ze
- (Sette Comuni) they
- Synonym: zandare
Alternative forms
Inflection
nominative | accusative | dative | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1st person singular | ich | mich | miar | |
2nd person singular | familiar | du | dich | diar |
polite | iart | ach | òich | |
3rd person singular | m | èar, ar | in, en | iime |
f | zi, ze | iar | ||
n | es, is | es, 's | iime | |
1st person plural | bar, bandare |
zich | izàndarn | |
2nd person plural | iart, iartàndare, artàndare |
òich, ach | ogàndarn | |
3rd person plural | ze, zòi, zandare |
zich | innàndarn |
Etymology 2
Pronoun
ze
- Alternative form of zi (“she”)
References
- “ze” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
Czech
Pronunciation
Preposition
Usage notes
This preposition is followed by the genitive case.
Synonyms
Dutch
Pronunciation
Pronoun
ze
- Unstressed form of zij (feminine singular subject)
- Daar zit ze. ― There she is sitting.
- Unstressed form of zij (plural subject)
- Daar zitten ze. ― There they are sitting.
- Unstressed form of haar (feminine singular object)
- Ik zie ze. ― I see her.
- Unstressed form of hen, hun (plural object)
- Ik zie ze. ― I see them.
Usage notes
- In the Netherlands, ze is used as a reduced form of haar chiefly when referring to feminine inanimate things:
- Ik wist de waarheid niet en ik wilde ze ook niet weten.
- I didn’t know the truth and didn’t wish to know it either.
- It is often avoided by using the reduced form h'r or the masculine form hem or the neuter form het or, in formal style, the full form haar.
- In Belgium, ze is usual as a reduced form of haar even when referring to persons (as in the example further above).
Inflection
subject | object | possessive | reflexive | genitive5 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | pred. | ||
1st person | ik | 'k1 | mij | me | mijn | m'n1 | mijne | me | mijner, mijns |
2nd person | jij | je | jou | je | jouw | je | jouwe | je | jouwer, jouws |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person masculine | hij | ie1 | hem | 'm1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
3rd person feminine | zij | ze | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | hare | zich | harer, haars |
3rd person neuter | het | 't1 | het | 't1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
plural | |||||||||
1st person | wij | we | ons | – | ons, onze2 | – | onze | ons | onzer, onzes |
2nd person | jullie | je | jullie | je | jullie | je | – | je | – |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person | zij | ze | hen3, hun4 | ze | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
1) Not as common in written language. 2) Inflected as an adjective. 3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). 4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). |
5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. 6) To differentiate from the singular gij, and in a similar vein to "you lot" or "you guys" in English, it is common to use gijlui ("you people") or gijlieden ("you people") or one of their contracted variants, and their corresponding objects, possessives and reflexives, in the plural. |
Adverb
ze
- (following an imperative) break a leg, go get 'em, do well, good luck
- Werk ze vanavond!
- Good luck working tonight!
- Werk ze vanavond!
Haitian Creole
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] French les œufs (“the eggs”).
Noun
ze
Ido
Pronunciation
Noun
ze (plural ze-i)
- The name of the Latin script letter Z/z.
See also
- (Latin script letter names) litero; a, be, ce, che, de, e, fe, ge, he, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, pe, que, re, se, she, te, u, ve, we, xe, ye, ze (Category: io:Latin letter names)
Japanese
Romanization
ze
Lower Sorbian
Pronunciation
Preposition
ze
- Alternative form of z (both meanings; used before sibilants and certain consonant clusters)
- Stej bratš ze sotšu. ― They are brother and sister (lit. ‘brother with sister’).
Luxembourgish
Alternative forms
- zu (for the adverb, when stressed)
Etymology
From Middle High German ze, from Old High German zi, from Proto-Germanic *ta, reduced form of *tō, whence Luxembourgish zu and zou.
Pronunciation
Preposition
ze
- to (with a following infinitive)
- De Kaffi ass ze waarm fir ze drénken.
- The coffee is too hot to drink.
- De Kaffi ass ze waarm fir ze drénken.
Adverb
ze
- too (more than enough, when unstressed)
- De Kaffi ass ze waarm fir ze drénken.
- The coffee is too hot to drink.
- De Kaffi ass ze waarm fir ze drénken.
Mandarin
Romanization
ze
- Nonstandard spelling of zé.
- Nonstandard spelling of zè.
Usage notes
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Middle English
Etymology
From Old English sǣ.
Noun
ze
- Alternative form of see (“sea”)
Descendants
- English: sea
Polish
Pronunciation
Preposition
ze
- Alternative form of z.
Particle
ze
- (colloquial) Alternative form of z.
Usage notes
See z.
Further reading
Turkish
Noun
ze (definite accusative zeyi, plural zeler)
- The name of the Latin-script letter Z/z.
See also
- (Latin-script letter names) harf; a, be, ce, çe, de, e, fe, ge, yumuşak ge, he, ı, i, je, ke, le, me, ne, o, ö, pe, re, se, şe, te, u, ü, ve, ye, ze
Turkmen
Noun
ze (definite accusative [please provide], plural [please provide])
- The name of the Latin-script letter Z/z.
White Hmong
Pronunciation
Adjective
ze
Xhosa
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Relative
-ze?
Inflection
Relative concord | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Modifier | Copulative | |||
positive | negative | positive | negative | |
1st singular | endize | endingeze | ndize | andize |
2nd singular | oze | ongeze | uze | awuze |
1st plural | esize | esingeze | size | asize |
2nd plural | enize | eningeze | nize | anize |
Class 1 | oze | ongeze | uze | akaze |
Class 2 | abaze | abangeze | baze | abaze |
Class 3 | oze | ongeze | uze | awuze |
Class 4 | eze | engeze | ize | ayize |
Class 5 | elize | elingeze | lize | alize |
Class 6 | aze | angeze | aze | awaze |
Class 7 | esize | esingeze | size | asize |
Class 8 | ezize | ezingeze | zize | azize |
Class 9 | eze | engeze | ize | ayize |
Class 10 | ezize | ezingeze | zize | azize |
Class 11 | oluze | olungeze | luze | aluze |
Class 14 | obuze | obungeze | buze | abuze |
Class 15 | okuze | okungeze | kuze | akuze |
Class 17 | okuze | okungeze | kuze | akuze |
Zazaki
Adverb
ze
Zulu
Etymology 1
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Relative
-zé
Inflection
Relative concord, tone H | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Modifier | Copulative | |||
positive | negative | positive | negative | |
1st singular | engize | engingeze | ngize | angize |
2nd singular | oze | ongeze | uze | awuze |
1st plural | esize | esingeze | size | asize |
2nd plural | enize | eningeze | nize | anize |
Class 1 | oze | ongeze | uze | akaze |
Class 2 | abaze | abangeze | baze | abaze |
Class 3 | oze | ongeze | uze | awuze |
Class 4 | eze | engeze | ize | ayize |
Class 5 | elize | elingeze | lize | alize |
Class 6 | aze | angeze | aze | awaze |
Class 7 | esize | esingeze | size | asize |
Class 8 | ezize | ezingeze | zize | azize |
Class 9 | eze | engeze | ize | ayize |
Class 10 | ezize | ezingeze | zize | azize |
Class 11 | oluze | olungeze | luze | aluze |
Class 14 | obuze | obungeze | buze | abuze |
Class 15 | okuze | okungeze | kuze | akuze |
Class 17 | okuze | okungeze | kuze | akuze |
Derived terms
Etymology 2
From -za (“to come”).
Pronunciation
Verb
-ze
- (auxiliary, in positive) until [+subjunctive]
- Sizolinda baze bafike.
- We will wait until they arrive.
- Sakhuluma waze wafika uthisha.
- We talked until the teacher arrived.
- Sizolinda baze bafike.
- (auxiliary, in positive, past) used in exclamations [+subjunctive]
- Waze wamuhle umakoti!
- Oh how beautiful the bride is!
- Waze wamuhle umakoti!
- (auxiliary, in negative, present) never [+potential]
- Angize ngingadla inyama.
- I never eat meat.
- Angize ngingadla inyama.
- (auxiliary, in negative, past) never [+subjunctive]
- Akazange agibele ihhashi.
- He has never ridden a horse.
- Akazange agibele ihhashi.
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
References
C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “-ze”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-ze”
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