ja

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See also Appendix:Variations of "ja", and Appendix:ISO 639-1 language codes

Contents

English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Adverb[edit]

ja (not comparable)

  1. (chiefly South Africa, informal) yes

Derived terms[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Afrikaans[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

ja

  1. yes

Amuzgo[edit]

Adjective[edit]

ja

  1. heavy

Pronoun[edit]

ja

  1. I

Assan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔaʒ ("I"). Compare Kott ai ("I") and Pumpokol ad ("I"). Also see Arin aj.

Pronoun[edit]

ja

  1. I (first-person singular subjective)

Synonyms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Latin iam.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Rhymes: -a

Adverb[edit]

ja

  1. already, (in negative sentences) any more
  2. now, immediately, at once

Derived terms[edit]

Central Melanau[edit]

Central Melanau cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : ja

Alternative forms[edit]

Numeral[edit]

ja

  1. (cardinal) one

Synonyms[edit]

Danish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse já (“yes”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA: /ja/, [ja] or IPA: /jar/, [jæɐ̯]

Interjection[edit]

ja

  1. yes

Antonyms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Noun[edit]

ja n (singular definite jaet, plural indefinite jaer)

  1. yes

Inflection[edit]

    Inflection of ja
neuter gender Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative, dative and accusative ja jaet jaer jaerne
genitive jas jaets jaers jaernes

Dutch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Dutch ja, from Old Dutch *jā, from Proto-Germanic *ja.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

ja

  1. yes
    Wil je met ons meegaan? — Ja, graag!
    Would you like to come with us? — Yes, I'd love to!

Antonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Noun[edit]

ja m, n (plural ja's, diminutive jaatje)

  1. yes
    Een ja kan je krijgen, een nee heb je al.
    A yes you can get, a no you already have.
    Het begon met een ja...
    It began with a yes...

Synonyms[edit]

Antonyms[edit]

Interjection[edit]

ja

  1. yes!
    "Ja!" riep hij luid toen er een doelpunt viel.
    Yes! he screamed loudly when they scored a goal.

Synonyms[edit]

Esperanto[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From German ja.

Adverb[edit]

ja

  1. indeed

Estonian[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

ja

  1. and

Synonyms[edit]

Faroese[edit]

Adverb[edit]

ja

  1. yes

Antonyms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Finnish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *jahw (“and”); compare Old High German ja, joh.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA: [jɑ]
  • Audio
    		(file)
  • Hyphenation: ja

Conjunction[edit]

ja

  1. (coordinating) and

Synonyms[edit]

  • sekä (used when enlisting things — not when joining clauses)

References[edit]

German[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle High German, from Old High German ja, jā (“yes”), from Proto-Germanic *ja (“yes”), from Proto-Indo-European *yē (“already”). Cognate with Dutch ja (“yes”), English yea (“yes, yea”), Latin iam (“already”). More at yes.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

ja

  1. yes
    Willst du das? Ja. — “Do you want that? Yes.”
  2. (intensifier) certainly; definitely; surely; really; just; emphasizes the certainty of an already known fact
    Es kann ja nicht immer so bleiben. — “It definitely cannot always remain so.”
  3. of course; as you know
    Aber ja! — “But of course!”

Usage notes[edit]

  • (yes): Ja is used to indicate agreement with a positive statement. To contradict a negative statement (where English would use “yes”), doch is used instead.

Synonyms[edit]

Antonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Interjection[edit]

ja

  1. yes

Synonyms[edit]

Antonyms[edit]

Gothic[edit]

Romanization[edit]

  1. See 𐌾𐌰

Hungarian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA: /ˈjɒ/, /ˈjɒː/ (the long pronunciation is used in case of great surprise)

Interjection[edit]

ja

  1. (informal) yep (indicates agreement, approval, or understanding)
    Jössz holnap a meccsre? - Ja. - Are you coming to the game tomorrow? - Yep.
  2. oh (indicates understanding something finally after a misunderstanding or confusion)
    Este nem jár a vonat. - Ja, hát akkor menjünk busszal! - No train is leaving in the evening. - Oh, well then let's travel by bus!
    Ezt nem is Miki küldte! - Ja, lehet, hogy én értettem félre. - This was not sent by Miki! - Oh, then I must have misunderstood it.

Synonyms[edit]

Ido[edit]

Adverb[edit]

ja

  1. already

Expression[edit]

ne ja

  1. not yet

Japanese[edit]

Romanization[edit]

ja

  1. See じゃ
  2. See ジャ

Latvian[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

ja

  1. if

Lithuanian[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ja f

  1. (third-person singular) instrumental form of ji.

Lojban[edit]

Cmavo[edit]

ja (rafsi jav)

  1. (conjunction) or. Joins two predicate words in a complex predicate.

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Lower Sorbian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *(j)a, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

ja

  1. I

North Frisian[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ja

  1. (Sylt and Mooring) they

Synonyms[edit]

  • djo (Heligolandic)
  • jo (Amrum and Fering)
  • jä (Halligen, Hoorning and Wiedingharde)

Northern Sami[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

ja

  1. and

Norwegian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

ja

  1. yes

Antonyms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Old French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Latin iam

Adverb[edit]

ja

  1. already
  2. as soon as possible
  3. quickly
  4. (with "ne") never

References[edit]

Polish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *(j)azъ, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

ja

  1. I

Declension[edit]

singular plural
nominative ja my
genitive mnie nas
dative mnie / mi nam
accusative mnie nas
instrumental mną nami
locative mnie nas

See also[edit]

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *(j)a, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

jȃ (Cyrillic spelling ја̑)

  1. I
    Ja sam učio. — I have studied.
  2. me
    Ovo sam ja. — This is me.
Declension[edit]
    declension of ja
singular plural
nominative jȃ mȋ
genitive mȅne, me nȃs, nas
dative mȅni, mi nȁma, nam
accusative mȅne, me nȃs, nas
vocative - mȋ
locative mȅni nȁma
instrumental mnȏm, mnóme nȁma

Etymology 2[edit]

From German ja.

Pronunciation[edit]

Adverb[edit]

jȁ (Cyrillic spelling ја̏)

  1. (colloquial, regional) yes, yeah

Silesian[edit]

Adverb[edit]

ja

  1. yes

Antonyms[edit]

Slovak[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *(j)a, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

ja

  1. I (first person singular)

Declension[edit]

    declension of ja
singular plural
nominative ja my
genitive ma nás
dative mi nám
accusative ma nás
locative mne nás
instrumental mnou nami

Usage notes[edit]

Following prepositions, ma and mi are replaced by mňa and mne respectively.

See also[edit]

Slovene[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From German ja.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA: /ˈjàː/, /ˈjáː/
  • Tonal: já, jȃ

Particle[edit]

já

  1. (informal) yes

Synonyms[edit]

Antonyms[edit]

Spanish[edit]

Interjection[edit]

ja

  1. Representation of laughter, ha
    Also used repeatedly:
    • jaja, jajaja

Swahili[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Bantu. Compare Zulu -za.

Verb form[edit]

ja

  1. to come

Conjugation[edit]

    affirmative conjugation of ja
infinitive kuja
singular person
1st person
mimi		 2nd person
wewe		 3rd person/Class 1
yeye/(m)		 Class 3
(m)		 Class 5
(ji)		 Class 7
(ki)		 Class 9
(n)		 Class 11/14
(u)
indicative general naja waja aja waja laja chaja yaja waja
progressive ninakuja unakuja anakuja unakuja linakuja kinakuja inakuja unakuja
habitual huja
past nilikuja ulikuja alikuja ulikuja lilikuja kilikuja ilikuja ulikuja
perfect nimekuja umekuja amekuja umekuja limekuja kimekuja imekuja umekuja
future nitakuja utakuja atakuja utakuja litakuja kitakuja itakuja utakuja
consecutive nikaja ukaja akaja ukaja likaja kikaja ikaja ukaja
conditional present ningekuja ungekuja angekuja ungekuja lingekuja kingekuja ingekuja ungekuja
past ningalikuja ungalikuja angalikuja ungalikuja lingalikuja kingalikuja ingalikuja ungalikuja
subjunctive general nije uje aje uje lije kije ije uje
consecutive nikaje ukaje akaje ukaje likaje kikaje ikaje ukaje
comitative nikija ukija akija ukija likija kikija ikija ukija
imperative njoo!
__je!‡
plural person
1st person
sisi		 2nd person
ninyi		 3rd person/Class 2
wao/(wa)		 Class 4
(mi)		 Class 6
(ma)		 Class 8
(vi)		 Class 10
(n)		 Class 10
(n)†
indicative general twaja mwaja waja yaja yaja vyaja zaja zaja
progressive tunaja mnaja wanaja inaja yanaja vinaja zinaja zinaja
habitual huja
past tulikuja mlikuja walikuja ilikuja yalikuja vilikuja zilikuja zilikuja
perfect tumekuja mmekuja wamekuja imekuja yamekuja vimekuja zimekuja zimekuja
future tutakuja mtakuja watakuja itakuja yatakuja vitakuja zitakuja zitakuja
consecutive tukaja mkaja wakaja ikaja yakaja vikaja zikaja zikaja
conditional present tungekuja mngekuja wangekuja ingekuja yangekuja vingekuja zingekuja zingekuja
past tungalikuja mngalikuja wangalikuja ingalikuja yangalikuja vingalikuja zingalikuja zingalikuja
subjunctive general tuje mje waje ije yaje vije zije zije
consecutive tukaje mkaje wakaje ikaje yakaje vikaje zikaje zikaje
comitative tukija mkija wakija ikija yakija vikija zikija zikija
imperative tuje njooni!
__jeni!‡

†Plural for Class 11 nouns only; No plural for identical nouns of Class 14 that share the same affix
‡Imperatives that take an object use the second form


    negative conjugation of ja
infinitive kutoja
singular person
1st person
mimi		 2nd person
wewe		 3rd person/Class 1
yeye/(m)		 Class 3
(m)		 Class 5
(ji)		 Class 7
(ki)		 Class 9
(n)		 Class 11/14
(u)
indicative general siji huji haji hauji haliji hakiji haiji hauji
progressive Use General Form Use General Form Use General Form Use General Form Use General Form Use General Form Use General Form Use General Form
habitual Use General Form
past sikuja hukuja hakuja haukuja halikuja hakikuja haikuja haukuja
perfect sijaja hujaja hajaja haujaja halijaja hakijaja haijaja haujaja
future sitakuja hutakuja hatakuja hautakuja halitakuja hakitakuja haitakuja hautakuja
consecutive Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form
conditional present nisingekuja usingekuja asingekuja usingekuja lisingekuja kisingekuja isingekuja usingekuja
past nisingalikuja usingalikuja asingalikuja usingalikuja lisingalikuja kisingalikuja isingalikuja usingalikuja
subjunctive general nisije usije asije usije lisije kisije isije usije
consecutive Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form
comitative nisipokuja usipokuja asipokuja usipokuja lisipokuja kisipokuja isipokuja usipokuja
imperative usije!‡
plural person
1st person
sisi		 2nd person
ninyi		 3rd person/Class 2
wao/(wa)		 Class 4
(mi)		 Class 6
(ma)		 Class 8
(vi)		 Class 10
(n)		 Class 10
(n)†
indicative general hatuji hamji hawaji haiji hayaji haviji haziji haziji
progressive Use General Form Use General Form Use General Form Use General Form Use General Form Use General Form Use General Form Use General Form
habitual Use General Form
past hatukuja hamkuja hawakuja haikuja hayakuja havikuja hazikuja hazikuja
perfect hatujaja hamjaja hawajaja haijaja hayajaja havijaja hazijaja hazijaja
future hatutakuja hamtakuja hawatakuja haitakuja hayatakuja havitakuja hazitakuja hazitakuja
consecutive Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form
conditional present tusingekuja msingekuja wasingekuja isingekuja yasingekuja visingekuja zisingekuja zisingekuja
past tusingalikuja msingalikuja wasingalikuja isingalikuja yasingalikuja visingalikuja zisingalikuja zisingalikuja
subjunctive general tusije msije wasije isije yasije visije zisije zisije
consecutive Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form Use Subjunctive Form
comitative tusipokuja msipokuja wasipokuja isipokuja yasipokuja visipokuja zisipokuja zisipokuja
imperative tusije msije!‡

†Plural for Class 11 nouns only; No plural for identical nouns of Class 14 that share the same affix
‡Imperatives that take an object use the second form


Usage notes[edit]

  • Has an irregular imperative form:

Swedish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse já, from Proto-Germanic *ja.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • audio
    		(file)
  • IPA: /jɑː/, /ja/, /ɑː/

Adverb[edit]

ja (not comparable)

  1. yes

Antonyms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

Noun[edit]

ja n

  1. a yes, an aye; a positive answer or vote

Declension[edit]

Declension of ja
uncountable uncountable
Neuter indefinite definite
nominative ja jaet
genitive jas jaets

Tswana[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Bantu. Cognate with Swahili kula, Zulu dla.

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

go ja (past jelê)

  1. to eat

Tz'utujil[edit]

Article[edit]

ja

  1. the

Alternative forms[edit]

Upper Sorbian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *(j)a, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronoun[edit]

ja

  1. I
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