成功

Chinese

		finish; complete; accomplish finish; complete; accomplish; become; turn into; win; succeed; one tenth	merit; achievement; result merit; achievement; result; service; accomplishment
simp. and trad. (成功)		成	功
anagram		功成

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chénggōng

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄥˊ ㄍㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sing⁴ gung¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̀n-kûng
• Eastern Min (BUC): sìng-gŭng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sêng-kong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sêng⁵ gong¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶zen-kon

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chénggōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄥˊ ㄍㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chénggong
    • Wade–Giles: chʻêng²-kung¹
    • Yale: chéng-gūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chernggong
    • Palladius: чэнгун (čɛngun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sing⁴ gung¹
    • Yale: sìhng gūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sing⁴ gung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: xing⁴ gung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɪŋ²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̀n-kûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: siinˇ gung´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sin² gung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /sɨn¹¹ kuŋ²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sìng-gŭng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ^(k-)ŋuŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sêng-kong
    • Tâi-lô: sîng-kong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sengkofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɪŋ¹³⁻²² kɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɪŋ²³⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sêng⁵ gong¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sêng kong
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /seŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ koŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶zen-kon
    • MiniDict: zen^去 kon
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zen-kon
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zən²² koŋ⁴⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: dzyeng kuwng

Rime
Character	成	功
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	清 (121)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	是征切	古紅切
Baxter	dzyeng	kuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiᴇŋ/	/kuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑiɛŋ/	/kuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑiæŋ/	/kuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑiajŋ/	/kəwŋ/
Li Rong	/ʑiɛŋ/	/kuŋ/
Wang Li	/ʑĭɛŋ/	/kuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑi̯ɛŋ/	/kuŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chéng	gōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sing4	gung1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]eŋ|m-[d]eŋ  kˤoŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*djeŋ  koːŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	成	成	功
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chéng	chéng	gōng
Middle Chinese	‹ dzyeng ›	‹ dzyeng ›	‹ kuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]eŋ/	/*m-[d]eŋ/	/*kˁoŋ/
English	to become (v.i.)	to complete (tr. v)	work, effort
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	成	功
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	1417	4021
Phonetic component	成	工
Rime group	耕	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	成	公
Old Chinese	/*djeŋ/	/*koːŋ/
Notes	說文丁聲，甲文戌下一豎， 或表戈已製成

Verb

成功

1. to succeed; to achieve success; to be successful

   雖然我們不敢說你一定會成功，但是也絕對沒有人敢說你一定不會成功！ [MSC, trad.]
   虽然我们不敢说你一定会成功，但是也绝对没有人敢说你一定不会成功！ [MSC, simp.]

   Suīrán wǒmen bùgǎn shuō nǐ yīdìng huì chénggōng, dànshì yě juéduì méiyǒu rén gǎn shuō nǐ yīdìng bùhuì chénggōng! [Pinyin]

   Though we dare not say you'll definitely succeed, no one would dare say you definitely won't!

   那次抗議沒成功。 [MSC, trad.]
   那次抗议没成功。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nà cì kàngyì méi chénggōng. [Pinyin]

   That protest was not successful.

2. (literary) to complete a task

   • 東漸于海，西被于流沙，朔南暨聲教訖于四海。禹錫玄圭，告厥成功。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     东渐于海，西被于流沙，朔南暨声教讫于四海。禹锡玄圭，告厥成功。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE

     Dōng jiàn yú hǎi, xī bèi yú liúshā, shuò nán jì shēngjiào qì yú sìhǎi. Yǔ xī xuánguī, gào jué chénggōng. [Pinyin]

     On the east, reaching to the sea; on the west, extending to the moving sands; to the utmost limits of the north and south— his fame and influence filled up (all within) the four seas. Yu presented the dark-coloured symbol of his rank, and announced the completion of his work.

3. (literary) to gather in the crops; to harvest
4. (literary) to agree; to allow; to permit

Synonyms

• (to succeed): 勝利／胜利 (shènglì)

Antonyms

• (to succeed): 失敗／失败 (shībài)

Noun

(deprecated template usage) 成功

1. success; prosperity

   取得成功  ―  qǔdé chénggōng  ―  to succeed

   沒有成功，哪來的幸福？ [MSC, trad.]
   没有成功，哪来的幸福？ [MSC, simp.]

   Méiyǒu chénggōng, nǎ lái de xìngfú? [Pinyin]

   How can one be happy without success?

   失敗乃成功之母。 [MSC, trad.]
   失败乃成功之母。 [MSC, simp.]

   Shībài nǎi chénggōng zhī mǔ. [Pinyin]

   Failure is the mother of success. (proverb)

   最後，預祝大會獲得圓滿成功！ [MSC, trad.]
   最后，预祝大会获得圆满成功！ [MSC, simp.]

   Zuìhòu, yùzhù dàhuì huòdé yuánmǎn chénggōng! [Pinyin]

   To conclude, I wish the conference a great success!

2. (literary) achievements; exploits; deeds
3. (literary) effect; outcome

Adjective

(deprecated template usage) 成功

1. successful

   一個很成功的人／一个很成功的人  ―  yī ge hěn chénggōng de rén  ―  a very successful person

Adverb

(deprecated template usage) 成功

1. successfully

   他成功獲得哈佛大學獎學金，前往美國深造。 [MSC, trad.]
   他成功获得哈佛大学奖学金，前往美国深造。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā chénggōng huòdé Hāfó Dàxué jiǎngxuéjīn, qiánwǎng Měiguó shēnzào. [Pinyin]

   He successfully gained a scholarship from the Harvard University, and went to the US to further his studies.

Proper noun

(deprecated template usage) 成功

1. (～鎮) Chenggong (an urban township in Taitung County, Taiwan)
2. (～村) Chenggong (a village in Caidian, Caidian district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)

See also

• 功成 (gōngchéng)
• 功成名就 (gōngchéngmíngjiù)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (成功):

• → Japanese: 成功(せいこう) (seikō)
• → Korean: 성공(成功) (seonggong)
• → Vietnamese: thành công (成功)

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
成	功
せい Grade: 4	こう Grade: 4
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 成功 (d͡ʑiᴇŋ kuŋ).

Noun

成(せい)功(こう) • (seikō) 

1. success
2. success in life, achievement in the world

Synonyms

• (success): 完成(かんせい) (kansei), 成(な)し遂(と)げる (nashitogeru)

Antonyms

• (success): 失敗(しっぱい) (shippai)

Derived terms

• 勤勉(きんべん)は成功(せいこう)の母(はは) (kinben wa seikō no haha)
• 失敗(しっぱい)は成功(せいこう)のもと (shippai wa seikō no moto)
• 成功報酬(せいこうほうしゅう) (seikō hōshū)
• 成功裏(せいこうり) (seikōri), 成功裡(せいこうり) (seikōri)
• 不成功(ふせいこう) (fuseikō)

Verb

成(せい)功(こう)する • (seikō suru) suru (stem 成(せい)功(こう)し (seikō shi), past 成(せい)功(こう)した (seikō shita))

1. succeed

   製品(せいひん)の開発(かいはつ)に成功(せいこう)した。

   Seihin no kaihatsu ni seikō shita.

   We successfully developed the product.

2. be successful in life

Conjugation

Conjugation of "成功する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	成功し	せいこうし	seikō shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	成功し	せいこうし	seikō shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	成功する	せいこうする	seikō suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	成功する	せいこうする	seikō suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	成功すれ	せいこうすれ	seikō sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	成功せよ¹ 成功しろ²	せいこうせよ¹ せいこうしろ²	seikō seyo¹ seikō shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	成功される	せいこうされる	seikō sareru
Causative	成功させる 成功さす	せいこうさせる せいこうさす	seikō saseru seikō sasu
Potential	成功できる	せいこうできる	seikō dekiru
Volitional	成功しよう	せいこうしよう	seikō shiyō
Negative	成功しない	せいこうしない	seikō shinai
Negative continuative	成功せず	せいこうせず	seikō sezu
Formal	成功します	せいこうします	seikō shimasu
Perfective	成功した	せいこうした	seikō shita
Conjunctive	成功して	せいこうして	seikō shite
Hypothetical conditional	成功すれば	せいこうすれば	seikō sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.

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Korean

Hanja in this term
成	功

Noun

成功 • (seonggong) (hangeul 성공)

1. Hanja form^? of 성공 (“success”).

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Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
成	功

Verb

成功

1. Template:han tu form of