train

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Archived revision by Donnanz (talk | contribs) as of 18:07, 14 January 2020.
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: Train and Tráin

English

A train

Etymology 1

From Middle English, borrowed from Old French train (“a delay, a drawing out”), from traïner (“to pull out, to draw”), from Vulgar Latin *tragināre, from *tragere, from Latin trahō, trahere (“to pull, to draw”). The verb was derived from the noun in Middle English.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /tɹeɪn/, [tɹeɪn], [tʃɹeɪn]
  • Audio (UK)(file)
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Audio (AU)(file)
  • Rhymes: -eɪn
  • Hyphenation: train

Noun

train (plural trains)

  1. Elongated portion.
    1. The elongated back portion of a dress or skirt (or an ornamental piece of material added to similar effect), which drags along the ground. [from 14th c.]
      Unfortunately, the leading bridesmaid stepped on the bride's train as they were walking down the aisle.
      • 1817, Jane Austen, Northanger Abbey:
        They called each other by their Christian name, were always arm in arm when they walked, pinned up each other's train for the dance, and were not to be divided in the set [...].
      • 1819, Washington Irving, The Sketch Book, Rip Van Winkle:
        He was generally seen trooping like a colt at his mother's heels, equipped in a pair of his father's cast-off galligaskins, which he had much ado to hold up with one hand, as a lady does her train in bad weather.
      • 2011, Imogen Fox, The Guardian, 20 Apr 2011:
        Lace sleeves, a demure neckline, a full skirt and a relatively modest train.
    2. A trail or line of something, especially gunpowder. [from 15th c.]
      • 1873, Charlotte Mary Yonge, Aunt Charlotte's Stories of English History for the little ones:
        A party was sent to search, and there they found all the powder ready prepared, and, moreover, a man with a lantern, one Guy Fawkes, who had undertaken to be the one to set fire to the train of gunpowder, hoping to escape before the explosion.
    3. The tail of a bird.
      • 1894, Sir Edwin Arnold, Wandering Words, page 260:
        The burning evening sun lighted with mellow gold the coats of the fierce little tiger-kittens — orange silk with stripes of black velvet — the broken amethysts and ruined emeralds of the poor bird's train cruelly scattered over the trampled grass
      • 1917, William Henry Fitchett, Australia in the making, page xii:
        Fawn and pearl of the lyre-bird's train, Sheen of the bronze-wing, blue of the crane ; Cream of the plover, grey of the dove ; These are the hues of the land I love !
      • 1945, Nature Magazine, page 299:
        Before the Spanish Conquest, the long, slender, green plumes of the male bird's train adorned the headgear of Aztec and Mayan kings and chieftains, as one may clearly see in modern restorations of ancient scenes.
    4. (astronomy) A transient trail of glowing ions behind a large meteor as it falls through the atmosphere.
      • 1839, Edgar Allan Poe, The conversation of Eiros and Charmion:
        Finally, all men saw that astronomical knowledge lied not, and they awaited the comet. Its approach was not, at first, seemingly rapid; nor was its appearance of very unusual character. It was of a dull red, and had little perceptible train.
      • 1877, Amédée Guillemin & James Glaisher, The World of Comets, page 200:
        It sometimes happens that the train is directed towards the sun, or makes a certain angle with the line joining the head and the sun; it was then called by the ancient astronomers the beard of the comet.
      • 2014, Camille Flammarion, Popular Astronomy, →ISBN, page 515:
        ...the comet expands, its vapours are developed and escape in jets towards the radiant star; then we see them driven back on each side of the head and the caudal train commencing.
    5. (now rare) An animal's trail or track. [from 16th c.]
  2. Connected sequence of people or things.
    1. A group of people following an important figure, king etc.; a retinue, a group of retainers. [from 14th c.]
      • 1610, The Tempest, by Shakespeare, act 5 scene 1
        Sir, I invite your Highness and your train / To my poor cell, where you shall take your rest /For this one night
      • 2009, Anne Easter Smith, The King's Grace:
        Grace was glad the citizenry did not know Katherine Gordon was in the king's train, but she was beginning to understand Henry's motive for including the pretender's wife.
    2. A group of animals, vehicles, or people that follow one another in a line, such as a wagon train; a caravan or procession. [from 15th c.]
      Our party formed a train at the funeral parlor before departing for the burial.
    3. A sequence of events or ideas which are interconnected; a course or procedure of something. [from 15th c.]
      • 1872, Charles Darwin, The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals:
        A man may be absorbed in the deepest thought, and his brow will remain smooth until he encounters some obstacle in his train of reasoning, or is interrupted by some disturbance, and then a frown passes like a shadow over his brow.
      • 2012, Rory Carroll, The Guardian, 18 Jun 2012:
        "Where was I?" he asked several times during the lunch, losing his train of thought.
    4. (military) The men and vehicles following an army, which carry artillery and other equipment for battle or siege. [from 16th c.]
    5. (obsolete) State of progress, status, situation (in phrases introduced by in a + adjective). [18th-19th c.]
      in a fair / better / worse train
      • 1748, Samuel Richardson, Clarissa, London, Volume 4, Letter 26, p. 139,[1]
        As we had been in a good train for several days past, I thought it not prudent to break with him, for little matters.
      • 1779, Samuel Jackson Pratt, Shenstone-Green: or, the New Paradise Lost, London, R. Baldwin, Volume 1, Chapter 7, p. 46,[2]
        I took care that my absence should neither be lamented by the poor nor the rich. I put every thing in a fair train of going on smoothly, and actually set out, with my steward, for my estate in Wales at dawning of the day.
      • 1787, George Washington, letter to Alexander Hamilton dated 10 July, 1787, in The Writings of George Washington, Boston: American Stationers’ Company, 1837, Volume 9, p. 260,[3]
        When I refer you to the state of the counsels, which prevailed at the period you left this city, and add that they are now if possible in a worse train than ever, you will find but little ground on which the hope of a good establishment can be formed.
      • 1814, Jane Austen, Mansfield Park, London: T. Egerton, Volume 3, Chapter 6, p. 121,[4]
        […] every thing was now in a fairer train for Miss Crawford’s marrying Edmund than it had ever been before.
    6. A set of interconnected mechanical parts which operate each other in sequence. [from 18th c.]
    7. A series of electrical pulses. [from 19th c.]
    8. A series of specified vehicles, originally tramcars in a mine, and later especially railway carriages, coupled together. [from 19th c.]
    9. A line of connected railway cars or carriages considered overall as a mode of transport; (as uncountable noun) rail travel. [from 19th c.]
      The train will pull in at midday.
      • 1898, Winston Churchill, chapter 5, in The Celebrity:
        We expressed our readiness, and in ten minutes were in the station wagon, rolling rapidly down the long drive, for it was then after nine. […] As we reached the lodge we heard the whistle, and we backed up against one side of the platform as the train pulled up at the other.
      • 2009, Hanif Kureishi, The Guardian, 24 Jan 2009:
        This winter we thought we'd go to Venice by train, for the adventure.
      • 2013 June 1, “Ideas coming down the track”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8838, page 13 (Technology Quarterly):
        A “moving platform” scheme […] is more technologically ambitious than maglev trains even though it relies on conventional rails. Local trains would use side-by-side rails to roll alongside intercity trains and allow passengers to switch trains by stepping through docking bays.
    10. A long, heavy sleigh used in Canada for the transportation of merchandise, wood, etc.
    11. (computing) A software release schedule.
      • 2008, Michael Bushong, ‎Cathy Gadecki, ‎Aviva Garrett, JUNOS For Dummies (page 16)
        What steps do development engineers follow when adding new feature code? How do they support different software versions or release trains?
    12. (sex, slang) An act wherein series of men line up and then penetrate a person, especially as a form of gang rape. [from 20th c.]
      • 1988, X Motion Picture and Center for New Art Activities (New York, N.Y.), Bomb: Issues 26-29, link
        Then Swooney agreed, "Yeah, let's run a train up the fat cunt."
      • 2005, Violet Blue, Best Women's Erotica 2006: Volume 2001, link
        “You want us to run a train on you?”
      • 2010, Diesel King, A Good Time in the Hood, page 12
        We eventually began to decide that with the endless supply of men we had there was no need to only run trains, or gangbang, the insatiables.
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Terms derived from train (noun)
Descendants
  • Irish: traein
  • Welsh: trên
Translations

Verb

train (third-person singular simple present trains, present participle training, simple past and past participle trained)

  1. (intransitive) To practice an ability.
    She trained seven hours a day to prepare for the Olympics.
  2. (transitive) To teach and form by practice; to educate; to exercise with discipline.
    • (Can we date this quote by Dryden and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
      The warrior horse here bred he's taught to train.
    • 2013 June 7, Gary Younge, “Hypocrisy lies at heart of Manning prosecution”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 18:
      The dispatches […] also exposed the blatant discrepancy between the west's professed values and actual foreign policies. Having lectured the Arab world about democracy for years, its collusion in suppressing freedom was undeniable as protesters were met by weaponry and tear gas made in the west, employed by a military trained by westerners.
    You can't train a pig to write poetry.
  3. (intransitive) To improve one's fitness.
    I trained with weights all winter.
  4. To proceed in sequence.
  5. (transitive) To move (a gun) laterally so that it points in a different direction.
    The assassin had trained his gun on the minister.
  6. (transitive, horticulture) To encourage (a plant or branch) to grow in a particular direction or shape, usually by pruning and bending.
    The vine had been trained over the pergola.
    • (Can we date this quote by Jeffrey and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
      He trained the young branches to the right hand or to the left.
  7. (mining) To trace (a lode or any mineral appearance) to its head.
  8. (transitive, video games) To create a trainer for; to apply cheats to (a game).
    • 2000, "Sensei David O.E. Mohr - Lord Ronin from Q-Link", WTB:"The Last V-8" C128 game -name correction (on newsgroup comp.sys.cbm)
      I got a twix on the 128 version being fixed and trained by Mad Max at M2K BBS 208-587-7636 in Mountain Home Idaho. He fixes many games and puts them on his board. One of my sources for games and utils.
  9. (obsolete) To draw along; to trail; to drag.
    • (Can we date this quote by John Milton and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
      In hollow cube / Training his devilish enginery.
  10. (obsolete) To draw by persuasion, artifice, or the like; to attract by stratagem; to entice; to allure.
    • (Can we date this quote by William Shakespeare and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
      If but a dozen French / Were there in arms, they would be as a call / To train ten thousand English to their side.
    • (Can we date this quote by William Shakespeare and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
      O, train me not, sweet mermaid, with thy note.
    • (Can we date this quote by Ford and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
      This feast, I'll gage my life, / Is but a plot to train you to your ruin.
    • 1825, Sir Walter Scott, The Talisman
      Thou hast been trained from thy post by some deep guile — some well-devised stratagem — the cry of some distressed maiden has caught thine ear, or the laughful look of some merry one has taken thine eye.
Derived terms
See also
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman traine, Middle French traïne, from traïr (“to betray”).

Noun

train (plural trains)

  1. (obsolete) Treachery; deceit. [14th-19th c.]
    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, III.3:
      In the meane time, through that false Ladies traine / He was surprisd, and buried under beare, / Ne ever to his worke returnd againe [...].
  2. (obsolete) A trick or stratagem. [14th-19th c.]
  3. (obsolete) A trap for animals; a snare. [14th-18th c.]
  4. (obsolete) A lure; a decoy. [15th-18th c.]

Further reading

Anagrams

Dutch

Pronunciation

Verb

train

  1. (deprecated template usage) first-person singular present indicative of trainen
  2. (deprecated template usage) imperative of trainen

Anagrams

French

Etymology

From Middle French train, from Old French train.

Pronunciation

Noun

train m (plural trains)

  1. train (rail mounted vehicle)
  2. pace
  3. (Louisiana) noise

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Anagrams

Norman

Etymology

From Old French train (“a delay, a drawing out”), from trainer (“to pull out, to draw”), from Vulgar Latin *tragināre, from *tragere, from Latin trahō, trahere (“pull, draw”, verb).

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Jersey)(file)

Noun

train m (plural trains)

  1. (Jersey) train
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=train&oldid=58414438"