qua
English
Etymology 1
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin qua (“in the capacity of”).
Pronunciation
Preposition
qua
- as; in the capacity of
- 1954: Gilbert Ryle, Dilemmas: The Tarner Lectures, 1953, dilemma vii: Perception, page 99 (The Syndics of the Cambridge University Press)
- As anatomy, physiology and, later, psychology have developed into more or less well-organized sciences, they have necessarily and rightly come to incorporate the study of, among other things, the structures, mechanisms, and functionings of animal and human bodies qua percipient.
- 1962: Norman Malcolm; Dreaming; chapter nine: “Judgments in Sleep”, page 39{1}; chapter twelve: “The Concept of Dreaming”, page 68{2} (1977 paperback reprint; Routledge & Kegan Paul; ISBN 0‒7100‒3836‒4 (c), 0‒7100‒8434‒X (p))
- {1} For sleep qua sleep has no experiential content: it cannot turn out, as remarked before, that a man was not asleep because he was not having some experience or other.
- {2} I am denying that a dream qua dream is a seeming, appearance or ‘semblance of reality’.
- 2003: Roy Porter, Flesh in the Age of Reason, page 458 (Penguin, 2004)
- It was qua poet that Byron resurrected the exploded and discarded immortal Christian soul by bodying it forth through the notion of soul conceived as poetic imagination.
- 2005: Ulfelder, Jay.Collective Action and the Breakdown of Authoritarian Regimes. International Political Science Review, 26(3), p318. Retrieved 1615 240810 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/30039035.pdf?acceptTC=true.
- "In essence, military regimes are autocracies in which the military qua organization performs many of the functions performed by the ruling party in single-party regimes."
- 2009: Ken Levy, Killing, Letting Die, and the Case for Mildly Punishing Bad Samaritanism, Georgia Law Review, p. 24.
- Blame qua attitude is the feeling or belief that an individual has committed a wrongdoing, usually a wrongful action and/or harm, and can be reasonably expected not to have committed this wrongdoing. Blame qua practice is the public expression of this attitude – usually by means of censure (written or verbal criticism) or punishment. Generally, the morally worse the wrongdoing, the more severe the censure/punishment.
- 1954: Gilbert Ryle, Dilemmas: The Tarner Lectures, 1953, dilemma vii: Perception, page 99 (The Syndics of the Cambridge University Press)
Translations
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Etymology 2
Imitative.
Interjection
qua
- The cawing sound of a crow.
- 1909, The Country Gentleman (volume 74, page 266)
- Crows have a language of their own in a wild state that any observant person can learn. […] Then he would straighten his head back and, with the most comical bowing and wagging, say: "Qua qua qua, qua qua qua" for perhaps a minute.
- 2012, Jaman Tree, I Crow River:
- Qua... qua... qua... out of the blue I hear the crows cawing with great fanfare as they announce to the world at large that they are here by my side and intend to probe into my being.
- 1909, The Country Gentleman (volume 74, page 266)
Anagrams
Classical Nahuatl
Verb
qua
- Alternative spelling of cua
Danish
Pronunciation
Conjunction
qua
- as, qua (in the capacity of)
- (as a preposition) by virtue of (because of)
Dutch
Pronunciation
Preposition
qua
- regarding, concerning, in terms of
- Qua gezondheid ben ik helemaal in orde.
- In terms of health, I'm perfectly fine.
Synonyms
Ido
Etymology
Borrowed from French qui, que, Italian che, Spanish que, ultimately from Latin quī / quid.
Pronunciation
Pronoun
qua (plural qui)
- (relative pronoun) which
- Esis tre jentila homo qua helpis ni. ― It was a nice man who helped us.
- (interrogative pronoun) who
- Qua esas ita kerlo? ― Who is that guy? (direct question)
- Me ne konocas qua ita esas. ― I don't know who that is. (indirect question)
Determiner
qua
- (interrogative determiner) what
- Qua kamizo vu portos? ― What shirt are you going to wear?
Derived terms
See also
- ube (“where”)
- kande (“when”)
- quala (“what kind of”)
- quale (“how”)
- quanta (“how much”)
- quanto (“quantity”)
Italian
Alternative forms
- quà (misspelling)
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *(ec)cu hac, from Latin eccum + hac. Cognate with Portuguese cá, Spanish acá, French çà.
Pronunciation
Adverb
qua
Usage notes
For differences between qui / qua, see notes at qui.
Derived terms
See also
Latin
Etymology 1
Adverb declined from quī.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /kʷa/, [kʷä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /kwa/, [kwäː]
Adverb
quā (not comparable)
- On which side, at or in which place, in what direction, where, by what way (qua...ea...)
- as; in the capacity or character of
- In so far as
- ens qua ens ("being as being")
- In what way, how, by what method; to what degree or extent
Related terms
Etymology 2
Inflection of quī (“who, which”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /kʷaː/, [kʷäː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /kwa/, [kwäː]
Pronoun
Etymology 3
Inflection of quis (“who?, what?”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /kʷaː/, [kʷäː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /kwa/, [kwäː]
Pronoun
Etymology 4
Inflection of quis (“anyone, something, anyone, anything”).
Pronoun
- nominative feminine singular of quis
- nominative neuter plural of quis
- accusative neuter plural of quis
Usage notes
- 'qua' is commonly used for 'quae' in the above forms of the indefinite variant of the pronoun 'quis'.
References
- “qua”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “qua”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- qua in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) how old are you: qua aetate es?
- (ambiguous) moral science; ethics: philosophia, in qua de bonis rebus et malis, deque hominum vita et moribus disputatur
- (ambiguous) the connection of thought: ratio, qua sententiae inter se excipiunt.
- (ambiguous) to let those present fix any subject they like for discussion: ponere iubere, qua de re quis audire velit (Fin. 2. 1. 1)
- (ambiguous) the question at issue: res, de qua nunc quaerimus, quaeritur
- (ambiguous) how old are you: qua aetate es?
- Allen, Joseph Henry, Greenough, James B. (1903) Allen and Greenough's New Latin grammar for schools and colleges: founded on comparative grammar, Boston: Ginn and Company, § 149
Min Nan
Etymology
The suffix has been used since around the 17th and 18th century. Since "hong" (行) merchants were technically officials of the lowest (9th) rank, the suffix qua was added to their names in honour of their positions in the Qing government.
Pronunciation
Suffix
qua (POJ koaⁿ, traditional and simplified 官)
Usage notes
- Formerly added to names of hong merchants (i.e. "Powqua," "Chinqua").
Romansch
Adverb
qua
Vietnamese
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Sino-Vietnamese word from 過 (“pass”). Doublet of quá.
Preposition
qua
Adjective
qua
Verb
- (intransitive) To be gone.
- (intransitive) To cross.
Etymology 2
Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 我 (SV: {{{3}}}).
Pronoun
qua
- (archaic, by males or Southern Vietnam) I; me
- Hôm qua qua bảo qua qua mà qua không qua. Hôm nay qua không bảo qua qua mà qua lại qua.
- Yesterday ah said ah'd cuhm over but ah ain't cuhm. Today ah ain't say ah'd cuhm over but ah came.
Derived terms
References
- An Chi (17 March 2019). "Lắt léo chữ nghĩa: Nguồn gốc của đại từ QUA". Thanh Niên.
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