grave

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See also: Grave, gravé, gravë, and -grave

English

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Pronunciation

  • enPR: grāv, IPA(key): /ɡɹeɪv/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -eɪv

Etymology 1

From Middle English grave, grafe, from Old English græf, grafu (“cave, grave, trench”), from Proto-Germanic *grabą, *grabō (“grave, trench, ditch”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”).

Cognate with West Frisian grêf (“grave”), Dutch graf (“grave”), Low German Graf (“a grave”), Graff, German Grab (“grave”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian grav (“grave”), Icelandic gröf (“grave”). Related to groove.

Noun

A freshly dug grave

grave (plural graves)

  1. An excavation in the earth as a place of burial
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 11:17:
      He had lain in the grave four days.
    • 1856, Eleanor Marx-Aveling (translator), Gustave Flaubert (author), Madame Bovary, Part III, Chapter X:
      They reached the cemetery. The men went right down to a place in the grass where a grave was dug. They ranged themselves all round; and while the priest spoke, the red soil thrown up at the sides kept noiselessly slipping down at the corners.
  2. Any place of interment; a tomb; a sepulcher.
  3. (by extension) Death, destruction.
  4. (by extension) Deceased people; the dead.
    • 1926, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Land of Mist‎[2]:
      "Hold your jaw, woman! I've had enough to vex me to-day without you startin' your tantrums. You're jealous of the grave. That's wot's the matter with you." "And her brats can insult me as they like - me that 'as cared for you these five years."
Derived terms
Translations

See also

Etymology 2

From Middle English graven, from Old English grafan (“to dig, dig up, grave, engrave, carve, chisel”), from Proto-Germanic *grabaną (“to dig”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrebʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”). Cognate with Dutch graven (“to dig”), German graben (“to dig”), Danish grave (“to dig”), Swedish gräva (“to dig”), Icelandic grafa (“to dig”).

Verb

grave (third-person singular simple present graves, present participle graving, simple past graved or grove, past participle graved or graven)

  1. (transitive, obsolete) To dig.
  2. (intransitive, obsolete) To carve or cut, as letters or figures, on some hard substance; to engrave.
    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 28:9:
      Thou shalt take two onyx stones, and grave on them the names of the children of Israel.
    • 1872, James De Mille, The Cryptogram‎[3], HTML edition, The Gutenberg Project, published 2009:
      Deep lines were graven on her pale forehead, and on her wan, thin cheeks.
    • a. 1894, Robert Louis Stevenson, "Requiem"
      This be the verse you grave for me / "Here he lies where he longs to be"
    • 1887, H. Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure‎[4]:
      'It may be so,' I answered; 'but if the loved one prove a broken reed to pierce us, or if the love be loved in vain - what then? Shall a man grave his sorrows upon a stone when he hath but need to write them on the water?'
  3. (transitive, obsolete) To carve out or give shape to, by cutting with a chisel; to sculpture.
    to grave an image
  4. (intransitive, obsolete) To impress deeply (on the mind); to fix indelibly.
    • 1718, Mat[thew] Prior, “Solomon on the Vanity of the World. A Poem in Three Books.”, in Poems on Several Occasions, London: […] Jacob Tonson […], and John Barber […], →OCLC, (please specify the page):
      O! may they graven in thy heart remain.
  5. (transitive, obsolete) To entomb; to bury.
  6. (intransitive, obsolete) To write or delineate on hard substances, by means of incised lines; to practice engraving.
Translations

Etymology 3

From Middle French grave, a learned borrowing from Latin gravis (“heavy, important”). Compare Old French greve (“terrible, dreadful”). Doublet of grief.

Adjective

grave (comparative graver, superlative gravest)

  1. Characterised by a dignified sense of seriousness; not cheerful. [from 16th c.]
    Synonyms: sober, solemn, sombre, sedate, serious, staid
  2. Low in pitch, tone etc. [from 17th c.]
    Antonym: acute
    • 1854, John Weeks Moore, Encyclopedia of Music:
      The thicker the cord or string, the more grave is the note or tone.
  3. Serious, in a negative sense; important, formidable. [from 19th c.]
    Synonyms: serious, momentous, important
    • 2016 February 6, James Zogby, “Israel’s prickliness blocks the long quest for peace”, in The National‎[6]:
      Israel’s behaviour is doing grave damage to the Palestinian people and to any hope for peace.
  4. (obsolete) Influential, important; authoritative. [16th-18th c.]
    • 1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 3, member 7:
      An illiterate fool sits in a mans seat; and the common people hold him learned, grave, and wise.
Synonyms
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Translations

Noun

grave (plural graves)

  1. A written accent used in French, Italian, and other languages. è is an e with a grave accent (`).
Translations

Etymology 4

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Related to Dutch graaf, German Graf”)

Noun

grave (plural graves)

  1. (historical) A count, prefect, or person holding office.

Etymology 5

Verb

grave (third-person singular simple present graves, present participle graving, simple past and past participle graved)

  1. (transitive, obsolete, nautical) To clean, as a vessel's bottom, of barnacles, grass, etc., and pay it over with pitch — so called because graves or greaves was formerly used for this purpose.

Anagrams

Danish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɡraːvə/, [ˈɡ̊ʁɑːvə]

Etymology 1

From Italian grave, from Latin gravis (“heavy, grave”).

Adverb

grave

  1. (music) grave (low in pitch, tone etc.)
  2. accent grave – accent grave, grave accent

Etymology 2

From Old Norse grafa (“to dig, bury”), from Proto-Germanic *grabaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrābʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”).

Verb

grave (imperative grav, infinitive at grave, present tense graver, past tense gravede, perfect tense har gravet)

  1. dig (to move hard-packed earth out of the way)
Derived terms
digging

Etymology 3

See grav (“grave, tomb, pit”).

Noun

grave c

  1. (deprecated template usage) indefinite plural of grav

Dutch

Pronunciation

Verb

grave

  1. (deprecated template usage) (archaic) singular present subjunctive of graven

Anagrams

Esperanto

Adverb

grave

  1. seriously, gravely

French

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin gravis. Doublet of grief.

Adjective

grave (plural graves)

  1. serious
  2. solemn
  3. low-pitched
    Antonym: aigu
  4. (phonetics) back
    • 1911 April, "Quelques mots sur la pronunciation des lettres Turques" in Dictionnaire turc-français[7]:
      Quatre de ces voyelles sont graves: a, o, u, œu.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Derived terms

Adverb

grave

  1. (informal, slang) much; a lot
    Je te kiffe grave !
    I love you like crazy!

Etymology 2

Verb

grave

  1. first-person singular present indicative of graver
  2. third-person singular present indicative of graver
  3. first-person singular present subjunctive of graver
  4. third-person singular present subjunctive of graver
  5. second-person singular imperative of graver

Further reading

Anagrams

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin gravis. Doublet of greve.

Adjective

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  1. grave, serious
    un grave problema
    a serious problem
  2. heavy
  3. solemn
  4. (music) low-pitched, low-pitch

Synonyms

Antonyms

Anagrams

Latin

Adjective

(deprecated template usage) grave

  1. nominative neuter singular of gravis
  2. accusative neuter singular of gravis
  3. vocative neuter singular of gravis

References

  • “grave”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • grave in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • “grave”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎[8]

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English græf, from Proto-Germanic *grabą.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

grave (plural graves)

  1. grave, burial
  2. tomb, mausoleum
Derived terms
Descendants
  • English: grave
  • Scots: grave, grawe, graive, graiwe, greawe
References

Etymology 2

From Old French gravé.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɡraːvɛi̯/, /ˈɡraːveː/

Noun

grave (plural graves)

  1. Alternative form of gravey

Etymology 3

From Old English grāf, grāfa.

Noun

grave

  1. (Early Middle English) Alternative form of grove

Middle French

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old French grave.

Noun

grave f (plural graves)

  1. gravel

Descendants

References

  • Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (grave)

Middle High German

Etymology

From Old High German grāfo, grāvo, grāfio, grāvio (“count, local judge”).

Pronunciation

Noun

grâve m

  1. count, local judge

Declension

Declension of grâve
singular plural
nominative grâve grâven
accusative grâven grâven
genitive grâven grâven
dative grâven grâven

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  • “grâve” Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Wilhelm Müller, and Friedrich Zarncke. Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke. Vol. 1. S. Hirzel, 1863.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse grafa, from Proto-Germanic *grabaną, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrābʰ- (“to dig, scratch, scrape”).

Verb

grave (imperative grav, present tense graver, passive graves, simple past gravde or grov, past participle gravd, present participle gravende)

  1. to dig
    grave ut ― to excavate

Derived terms

Terms derived from grave

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

grave (present tense grev, past tense grov, past participle grave, passive infinitive gravast, present participle gravande, imperative grav)

  1. Alternative form of grava

Derived terms

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

Medieval Latin grava, from Gaulish *grawa, *growa, from Proto-Celtic *grāwā, related to Cornish grow (“gravel”), Breton grouan, and Welsh gro (“gravel”); ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr-eu-d-.

Noun

grave oblique singular, f (oblique plural graves, nominative singular grave, nominative plural graves)

  1. gravel

Descendants

References

  • Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IXe au XVe siècle (1881) (grave)

Portuguese

Pronunciation

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  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Brazil" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈɡɾa.vi/
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  • Rhymes: -avi

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese grave, from Latin gravis (“heavy; grave”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us.

Adjective

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  2. serious; grave (having possible severe negative consequences)
    Sofria de uma doença grave.
    He suffered from a serious disease.
    Synonyms: sério, severo
  4. (of sound) low-pitched; grave (low in pitch or tone)
    O som da tuba é mais grave do que o do trombone.
    The sound of the tuba has a lower pitch than that of the trombone.
    Synonym: baixo
  6. grave; serious; sombre; austere; solemn (characterised by a dignified sense of seriousness)
    O programa tinha um tom grave.
    The program had a serious tone.
    Synonyms: sério, austero, circunspeto, sisudo, solene
  8. (archaic, physics) that falls down; that doesn’t float
    O balão não é um corpo grave.
    Balloons are not a falling body.
Inflection

Template:pt-adj-infl

Antonyms
Derived terms

Noun

grave f (plural graves)

  1. (music) a low-pitched note

Etymology 2

Verb

grave

  1. Template:pt-verb-form-of

Spanish

Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia es

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Spanish grave, from Latin gravis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷréh₂us. Cf. also the attested Old Spanish form grieve, from a Vulgar Latin variant *grevis, which was more common in other Romance-speaking areas[1].

Adjective

grave m or f (masculine and feminine plural graves) (superlative gravísimo)

  1. serious, grave
  2. bass (sound)
    Synonym: bajo
    Antonym: agudo
  3. solemn
  4. (phonetics) paroxytone; stressed in the penultimate syllable
    Synonym: llano
    Coordinate terms: agudo, esdrújulo, sobresdrújulo

Derived terms

Descendants

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

grave

  1. Formal second-person singular (usted) imperative form of gravar.
  2. First-person singular (yo) present subjunctive form of gravar.
  3. Formal second-person singular (usted) present subjunctive form of gravar.
  4. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present subjunctive form of gravar.

Anagrams

Further reading

References

  1. ^ https://www.scribd.com/document/158436236/Diccionario-Critico-Etimologico-castellano-G-MA-Corominas-Joan-pdf

Swedish

Adjective

grave

  1. (deprecated template usage) definite natural masculine singular of grav

Anagrams

West Frisian

Etymology

From Old Frisian grava, from Proto-West Germanic *graban, from Proto-Germanic *grabaną.

Pronunciation

Verb

grave

  1. to dig

Inflection

Strong class 6
infinitive grave
3rd singular past groef
past participle groeven
infinitive grave
long infinitive graven
gerund graven n
auxiliary hawwe
indicative present tense past tense
1st singular graaf groef
2nd singular graafst groefst
3rd singular graaft groef
plural grave groeven
imperative graaf
participles gravend groeven

Further reading

  • “grave”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
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