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# {{non-gloss definition|Indicates a [[means]]}} Involving/using the means of.
# {{non-gloss definition|Indicates a [[means]]}} Involving/using the means of.
#: ''I avoided the guards '''by''' moving only when they weren't looking.''
#: ''I avoided the guards '''by''' moving only when they weren't looking.''
# {{non-gloss definition|Indicates a [[source]] of [[light]] {{gloss|medium emanating from hot sources}}}}
#*'''1945''', Neva L. Boyd, ''Handbook of Recreational Games'', 1975 [[w:Dover Publications|Dover]] edition, ISBN 0486232042, page 16 [http://books.google.com/books?id=12qZwZpIwCIC&pg=PA16&dq=candlelight]:
#*:Players: Can we get there '''by''' candlelight?
#*:Gatekeepers: Yes and back again.
#* '''1960''', [[w:Dr. Seuss|Dr. Seuss]], [[w:One Fish Two Fish Red Fish Blue Fish|''One Fish Two Fish Red Fish Blue Fish'']]:
#*: '''By''' the light of the moon, / '''by''' the light of a star / they walked all night{{...}}
# {{non-gloss definition|Indicates a rule followed}} Using the rules or logic of.
# {{non-gloss definition|Indicates a rule followed}} Using the rules or logic of.
#: ''I sorted the items '''by''' category.''
#: ''I sorted the items '''by''' category.''

Revision as of 06:19, 27 December 2010

See also: .by

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Alternative forms

  • bye (archaic for preposition and adverb, not used for abbreviation, preferred for noun and interjection)

Pronunciation

  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "UK" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "/baɪ/" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E., Template:SAMPA
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "en-us-by.ogg" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "aɪ" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
  • Homophones: bye, buy

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old English (deprecated template usage) bī (being near)

Preposition

by

  1. Near or next to.
    The mailbox is by the bus stop.
  2. At some time before (the given time), or before the end of a given time interval.
    Be back by ten o'clock!
    We will send it by the first week of July.
  3. Indicates the actor in a clause with its verb in the passive voice Through the action or presence of.
    The matter was decided by the chairman.
    The boat was swamped by the water.
    He was protected by his body armour.
  4. Indicates the creator of a work Existing through the authorship etc of.
    There are many well-known plays by William Shakespeare
  5. Indicates the cause of a condition or event Through the action of, caused by, responsibility for; by dint of.
    • 1874, Thomas Hardy, Far from the Madding Crowd, 2005 Barnes & Noble Classics publication of 1912 Wessex edition, p109:
      In other directions the fields and sky were so much of one colour by the snow that it was difficult in a hasty glance to tell whereabouts the horizon occurred [...]
  6. Indicates a means Involving/using the means of.
    I avoided the guards by moving only when they weren't looking.
  7. Indicates a source of light (medium emanating from hot sources)
  8. Indicates a rule followed Using the rules or logic of.
    I sorted the items by category.
  9. Indicates the amount of some progression With a change of.
    Our stock is up by ten percent.
  10. In the formulae X by X and by Xs, indicates a steady progression, one X after another.
    We went through the book page by page.
    We crawled forward by inches.
  11. Indicates an oath With the authority of.
    By Jove! I think she's got it!
    By all that is holy, I'll put an end to this.
  12. Used to separate dimensions when describing the size of something.
    It is easy to invert a 2 by 2 matrix.
    The room was about 4 foot by 6 foot.
    We used 10 by 20 by 30 cm bricks to build the wall."

Derived terms

terms derived from by (preposition)

Template:rel-mid4

Template:rel-mid4

Template:rel-mid4

Translations

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Translations to be checked

Adverb

(deprecated template usage) by

  1. Along a path which runs by the speaker.
    I watched as it passed by.
  2. In the vicinity, near.
    The was a shepherd close by.
    The shop is hard by the High Street.
  3. To or at a place, as a residence or place of business.
    I'll stop by on my way home from work.
    We're right near the lifeguard station. Come by before you leave.
  4. Aside, away.
    The women spent much time after harvest putting jams by for winter and spring.

Derived terms

terms derived from by (adverb)

Template:rel-mid4

Template:rel-mid4

Template:rel-mid4

Translations

Adjective

by (not comparable)

  1. Out of the way, subsidiary.

(Can we add an example for this sense?)Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "standalone usage, please" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.

Antonyms

Derived terms

Noun

by (plural bies)

  1. (deprecated template usage) Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "card games" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. A pass

Interjection

by

  1. Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "bye" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.

Statistics

Danish

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Norse (deprecated template usage) býr.

Pronunciation

Noun

by c (singular definite byen, plural indefinite byer)

  1. town, city
Related terms

Template:rel-mid

Inflection

Declension of by
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative by byen byer byerne
genitive bys byens byers byernes

Lojban

Letter

(deprecated template usage) Lua error in Module:headword at line 646: Entries in Lojban must be placed in the Appendix: namespace

  1. Name of the letter b.

Usage notes

  • All letter names can be used as pronouns, usually referring to something denoted by a word beginning with that letter.
    la alis cu lebna le bifpra e lei gluta gi'e co'a pilno by
    Alice took up the fan and gloves and was using it (i.e., the fan, bifpra)
  • When used to spell a word, precede the string of letters with me'o.
  • If a letter is followed by another letter or a number (including an imprecise or non-integral one such as za'u or pai), and they do not make a single string of letters, separate them with boi.

See also

Norwegian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Norse (deprecated template usage) býr.

Noun

(deprecated template usage) by m

  1. town, city
Inflection
Inflection of by
indefinite singular definite singular indefinite plural definite plural
Bokmål m by byen byer byene
Nynorsk m by byen byar byane
References
  • “by” in The Bokmål Dictionary / The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Etymology 2

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Norse (deprecated template usage) bjóða.

Verb

(deprecated template usage) by

  1. bid; offer
  2. ask; invite
  3. command; order

Polish

Pronunciation

Particle

(deprecated template usage) by

  1. (always before a verb) a particle used to make conditional mood; would, should
    On by tam nie poszedł. = On nie poszedłby tam. — He would not go there.
singular plural
1st person bym byśmy
2nd person byś byście
3rd person by by

Synonyms

Conjunction

(deprecated template usage) by

  1. in order to

Synonyms

Swedish

Pronunciation

  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Sv-by.ogg" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.

Noun

(deprecated template usage) by c

  1. village
  2. Template:obsolete farm
  3. breeze, gust

Declension

Declension of by 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative by byn byar byarna
Genitive bys byns byars byarnas

West Frisian

Pronunciation

Preposition

(deprecated template usage) by

  1. near to
  2. in relation to
    • By âlds -- In the olden days
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