old
English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle English old, ald, from Old English ald, eald (“old, aged, ancient, antique, primeval”), from Proto-Germanic *aldaz (“grown-up”), originally a participle form, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eltós (“grown, tall, big”). Cognate with Scots auld (“old”), North Frisian ool, ual, uul (“old”), Saterland Frisian oold (“old”), West Frisian âld (“old”), Dutch oud (“old”), Low German old (“old”), German alt (“old”), Swedish äldre (“older, elder”), Icelandic eldri (“older, elder”), Latin altus (“high, tall, grown big, lofty”). Related to eld.
Pronunciation
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Audio (UK): (file) - Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "US" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. enPR: ōld, IPA(key): /ˈoʊld/
Audio (US): (file) Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -əʊld
Adjective
old (comparative older or elder, superlative oldest or eldest)
- Of an object, concept, relationship, etc., having existed for a relatively long period of time.
- an old abandoned building; an old friend
- 1879, R[ichard] J[efferies], chapter 1, in The Amateur Poacher, London: Smith, Elder, & Co., […], →OCLC:
- They burned the old gun that used to stand in the dark corner up in the garret, close to the stuffed fox that always grinned so fiercely. Perhaps the reason why he seemed in such a ghastly rage was that he did not come by his death fairly. Otherwise his pelt would not have been so perfect. And why else was he put away up there out of sight?—and so magnificent a brush as he had too.
- Of a living being, having lived for most of the expected years.
- a wrinkled old man
- Of a perishable item, having existed for most, or more than its shelf life.
- an old loaf of bread
- Of an item that has been used and so is not new (unused).
- I find that an old toothbrush is good to clean the keyboard with.
- Having existed or lived for the specified time.
- How old are they? She’s five years old and he's seven. We also have a young teen and a two-year-old child.
- My great-grandfather lived to be a hundred and one years old.
- (heading) Of an earlier time.
- Former, previous.
- My new car is not as good as my old one. a school reunion for Old Etonians
- 1898, Winston Churchill, chapter 8, in The Celebrity:
- The humor of my proposition appealed more strongly to Miss Trevor than I had looked for, and from that time forward she became her old self again; for, even after she had conquered her love for the Celebrity, the mortification of having been jilted by him remained.
- 1994, Michael Grumley, Life Drawing
- But over my old life, a new life had formed.
- That is no longer in existence.
- The footpath follows the route of an old railway line.
- Obsolete; out-of-date.
- That is the old way of doing things; now we do it this way.
- Familiar.
- 1991, Stephen Fry, The Liar, p. 37:
- When he got drunk and quarrelsome they just gave him the old heave-ho.
- (UK) Used to describe a graduate or alumnus of a school, especially a public school.
- Former, previous.
- Tiresome.
- Your constant pestering is getting old.
- Said of subdued colors, particularly reds, pinks and oranges, as if they had faded over time.
- A grammatical intensifier, often used in describing something positive. (Mostly in idioms like good old, big old and little old, any old and some old.)
- We're having a good old time. My next car will be a big old SUV. My wife makes the best little old apple pie in Texas.
- (obsolete) Excessive, abundant.
Synonyms
- (having existed for a long period of time): ancient, long in the tooth
- (having lived for many years): aged, ageing / aging, elderly, long in the tooth, on in years
- (having existed or lived for the specified time): aged, of age
- (former): erstwhile, ex-, former, one-time, past
- (out-of-date): antiquated, obsolete (words)
- See also Thesaurus:old
Antonyms
- (having existed for a long period of time): brand new, fresh, new
- (having lived for many years): young
- (former): current, latest, new
Derived terms
- ol'
- age-old
- any old
- big old
- comfortable as an old shoe
- good old
- little old
- of old
- old age
- old-age
- Old Akkadian
- Old Alresford
- Old Armenian
- Old Assyrian
- old as the hills
- Old Babylonian
- Old Basing
- Old Blighty
- Old Bulgarian
- Old Church Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic
- old college try
- old country
- Old Czech
- Old Dutch
- olden
- Old Egyptian
- Old English
- old fart
- old-fashioned
- old flame
- Old Flemish
- old fogey
- Old Ford
- old franc
- Old Franconian
- Old Frankish
- Old French
- Old Frisian
- Old Glory
- old gold
- old growth
- old guard
- old hand
- old hat
- Old High German
- oldhood
- Old Icelandic
- oldies
- Old Indic
- Old Indo-Aryan
- Old Ionic
- Old Iranian
- Old Irish
- old lace
- old lady
- Old Latin
- Old Low Franconian
- Old Low Frankish
- Old Low German
- oldly
- Old Lyme
- old maid
- old man
- old money
- oldness
- Old Nick
- Old Norse
- Old North French
- Old Norwegian
- old penny
- Old Persian
- Old Provençal
- Old Prussian
- old regime
- Old Russian
- olds
- old salt
- old saw
- Old Saxon
- Old Saybrook
- Old Scandinavian
- old school
- Old Slavic
- Old Slavonic
- old sweat
- Old Testament
- old-time
- old-timer
- Old Welsh
- Old Windsor
- old woman
- Old World
- old-world
- ole
- over-old
- same old same old
- same old story
- some old
- that old dog won't hunt
- there's no fool like an old fool
- you can't put an old head on young shoulders
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Noun
- (with the) People who are old; old beings; the older generation, taken as a group.
- A civilised society should always look after the old in the community.
- (in combination) One of a specified age.
- when he was an eight-year-old ; a 62-year-old should
Anagrams
German Low German
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle Low German ôlt, from Old Saxon ald, from Proto-Germanic *aldaz. The A became an O through the effect of the velarised L in the same manner as in Dutch oud. Cognate with English old, Dutch oud, German alt, West Frisian âld. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eltós (“grow, nourish”), from *h₂el- (“grow, nourish”).
Pronunciation
Adjective
old (comparative öller, superlative öllst)
Declension
gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | he is old | se is old | dat is old | se sünd old | |
partitive | een olls | een olls | wat olls | allens oll | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | olle | olle | old | olle |
oblique | ollen | olle | old | olle | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | de olle | de olle | dat olle | de ollen |
oblique | den ollen | de olle | dat olle | de ollen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | en olle/ollen | en olle | en old/ollet | (keen) ollen |
oblique | en ollen | en olle | en old/ollet | (keen) ollen |
gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | he is öller | se is öller | dat is öller | se sünd öller | |
partitive | een öllers | een öllers | wat öllers | allens öller | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | öllere | öllere | öller | öllere |
oblique | öllern | öllere | öller | öllere | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | de öllere | de öllere | dat öllere | de öllern |
oblique | den öllern | de öllere | dat öllere | de öllern | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | en öllere/ölleren | en öllere | en öller | (keen) öllern |
oblique | en öllern | en öllere | en öller | (keen) öllern |
gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | he is de Öllste | se is de Öllste | dat is dat Öllste | se sünd de Öllsten | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | öllste | öllste | öllst | öllste |
oblique | öllsten | öllste | öllst | öllste | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | de öllste | de öllste | dat öllste | de öllsten |
oblique | den öllsten | de öllste | dat öllste | de öllsten | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | en öllste/öllsten | en öllste | en öllst | (keen) öllsten |
oblique | en öllsten | en öllste | en öllst | (keen) öllsten |
Descendants
- → German: oll
Hungarian
Etymology
From Proto-Uralic *aŋa- (“to loosen, open (up), untie”) [1] + -d (frequentative suffix).[2]
Pronunciation
Verb
old
- (transitive) to solve
- (transitive) to untie
Conjugation
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | oldok | oldasz | old | oldunk | oldotok | oldanak | |
Def. | oldom | oldod | oldja | oldjuk | oldjátok | oldják | |||
2nd-p. o. | oldalak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | oldottam | oldottál | oldott | oldottunk | oldottatok | oldottak | ||
Def. | oldottam | oldottad | oldotta | oldottuk | oldottátok | oldották | |||
2nd-p. o. | oldottalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. oldani fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | oldék | oldál | olda | oldánk | oldátok | oldának | ||
Def. | oldám | oldád | oldá | oldánk | oldátok | oldák | |||
2nd-p. o. | oldálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. old vala, oldott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | oldandok | oldandasz | oldand | oldandunk | oldandotok | oldandanak | ||
Def. | oldandom | oldandod | oldandja | oldandjuk | oldandjátok | oldandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | oldandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | oldanék | oldanál | oldana | oldanánk | oldanátok | oldanának | |
Def. | oldanám | oldanád | oldaná | oldanánk (or oldanók) |
oldanátok | oldanák | |||
2nd-p. o. | oldanálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. oldott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | oldjak | oldj or oldjál |
oldjon | oldjunk | oldjatok | oldjanak | |
Def. | oldjam | oldd or oldjad |
oldja | oldjuk | oldjátok | oldják | |||
2nd-p. o. | oldjalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. oldott légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | oldani | oldanom | oldanod | oldania | oldanunk | oldanotok | oldaniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
oldás | oldó | oldott | oldandó | oldva (oldván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | oldhatok | oldhatsz | oldhat | oldhatunk | oldhattok | oldhatnak | |
Def. | oldhatom | oldhatod | oldhatja | oldhatjuk | oldhatjátok | oldhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | oldhatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | oldhattam | oldhattál | oldhatott | oldhattunk | oldhattatok | oldhattak | ||
Def. | oldhattam | oldhattad | oldhatta | oldhattuk | oldhattátok | oldhatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | oldhattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | oldhaték | oldhatál | oldhata | oldhatánk | oldhatátok | oldhatának | ||
Def. | oldhatám | oldhatád | oldhatá | oldhatánk | oldhatátok | oldhaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | oldhatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. oldhat vala, oldhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | oldhatandok or oldandhatok |
oldhatandasz or oldandhatsz |
oldhatand or oldandhat |
oldhatandunk or oldandhatunk |
oldhatandotok or oldandhattok |
oldhatandanak or oldandhatnak | ||
Def. | oldhatandom or oldandhatom |
oldhatandod or oldandhatod |
oldhatandja or oldandhatja |
oldhatandjuk or oldandhatjuk |
oldhatandjátok or oldandhatjátok |
oldhatandják or oldandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | oldhatandalak or oldandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | oldhatnék | oldhatnál | oldhatna | oldhatnánk | oldhatnátok | oldhatnának | |
Def. | oldhatnám | oldhatnád | oldhatná | oldhatnánk (or oldhatnók) |
oldhatnátok | oldhatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | oldhatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. oldhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | oldhassak | oldhass or oldhassál |
oldhasson | oldhassunk | oldhassatok | oldhassanak | |
Def. | oldhassam | oldhasd or oldhassad |
oldhassa | oldhassuk | oldhassátok | oldhassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | oldhassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. oldhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (oldhatni) | (oldhatnom) | (oldhatnod) | (oldhatnia) | (oldhatnunk) | (oldhatnotok) | (oldhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | oldható | Neg. adj. | oldhatatlan | Adv. part. | (oldhatva / oldhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
(With verbal prefixes):
References
- ^ Entry #16 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ old in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Middle Low German
Adjective
old
- Alternative spelling of ôlt.
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/əʊld
- English lemmas
- English adjectives
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- British English
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English autological terms
- English basic words
- German Low German terms inherited from Middle Low German
- German Low German terms derived from Middle Low German
- German Low German terms inherited from Old Saxon
- German Low German terms derived from Old Saxon
- German Low German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German Low German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German Low German terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- German Low German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German Low German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German Low German lemmas
- German Low German adjectives
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian verbs suffixed with -d
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio links
- Hungarian terms with homophones
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian three-letter words
- Middle Low German lemmas
- Middle Low German adjectives