塊

See also: 凷 and 块

Translingual

Han character

塊 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 土竹山戈 (GHUI), four-corner 4611₃, composition ⿰土鬼)

Derived characters

• 𤐡, 𤮟, 𭻻

Related characters

• 块 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 235, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5319
• Dae Jaweon: page 472, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 464, character 17
• Unihan data for U+584A

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Chinese

trad.		塊
simp.		块
alternative forms		凷

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (鬼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
謉	*tkuːlʔ, *krul
瑰	*kuːl, *ɡuːl
傀	*kuːl, *kʰuːlʔ
藱	*kuːl
魁	*kʰuːl
磈	*kʰuːlʔ, *qulʔ
塊	*kʰuːls, *kʰruːds
嵬	*ŋɡuːl, *ŋɡuːlʔ
隗	*ŋɡuːlʔ
槐	*ɡuːl, *ɡruːl
瘣	*ɡuːlʔ
廆	*ɡuːlʔ
溾	*ɡuːlʔ, *qruːl
螝	*ɡuːls, *krul
褢	*ɡruːl
騩	*krul, *kruls, *kul
愧	*kruls
媿	*kruls
聭	*kruls
餽	*ɡruls
鬼	*kulʔ
魏	*ŋɡuls
巍	*ŋul
犩	*ŋul, *ŋuls

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰuːls, *kʰruːds) : semantic 土 (“earth; dust”) + phonetic 鬼 (OC *kulʔ).

Etymology 1

Etymology not clear (Schuessler, 2007).

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 塊

1. piece; chunk; lump; part

   把肉切成小塊。／把肉切成小块。  ―  Bǎ ròu qièchéng xiǎo kuài.  ―  Cut the meat into bite-sized pieces.

   它被割成了三塊。 [MSC, trad.]
   它被割成了三块。 [MSC, simp.]

   Tā bèi gē chéng le sān kuài. [Pinyin]

   It was cut into three parts.

2. (colloquial) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck

   你給三塊，就可以了。 [MSC, trad.]
   你给三块，就可以了。 [MSC, simp.]

   Nǐ gěi sān kuài, jiù kěyǐ le. [Pinyin]

   If you give 3 yuan, it'll be enough.

   一塊錢／一块钱  ―  yī kuài qián  ―  a yuan; a dollar

   九塊一毛／九块一毛  ―  jiǔ kuài yī máo  ―  9.10 yuan

3. Classifier for piece of something (food, cloth, stone): piece; chunk; slab

   一塊蛋糕／一块蛋糕  ―  yī kuài dàngāo  ―  a slice of cake

   一塊木頭／一块木头  ―  yī kuài mùtóu  ―  a piece of wood

   呢塊木／呢块木 [Cantonese]  ―  nei¹ faai³ muk⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  this piece of wood

   呢塊肉／呢块肉 [Cantonese]  ―  nei¹ faai³ juk⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  this slab of meat

4. Classifier for areas of land: plot; tract; area

   呢塊地／呢块地 [Cantonese]  ―  nei¹ faai³ dei⁶ [Jyutping]  ―  this plot of land

5. (Sichuanese, obsolete) tomb; grave

   • 蜀人呼老弱為波，墳塚為塊，其塊即趙畚相公墳也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     蜀人呼老弱为波，坟冢为块，其块即赵畚相公坟也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 何光遠, (deprecated template usage) 《鑑誡錄·(deprecated template usage) 鬼傳》

     Shǔ rén hū lǎoruò wèi bō, fénzhǒng wèi kuài, qí kuài jí Zhào běn xiànggōng fén yě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

6. ^† appearance of calmness and indifference

   alt. forms: 魁

   • 王世子，子也，塊然受諸侯之尊己，而立乎其位，是不子也。 [MSC, trad.]
     王世子，子也，块然受诸侯之尊己，而立乎其位，是不子也。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: (deprecated template usage) 《穀梁傳·(deprecated template usage) 僖公五年》 (Guliang Zhuan)

     Wáng shìzǐ, zǐ yě, kuài rán shòu zhūhóu zhī zūn jǐ, ér lì hū qí wèi, shì bù zǐ yě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

7. ^† appearance of solitude

   alt. forms: 魁

   • 塊獨守此曲隅兮，然欿切而永歎。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     块独守此曲隅兮，然欿切而永叹。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE

     Kuài dú shǒu cǐ qū yú xī, rán 欿 qiè ér yǒng tàn. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 彫琢復朴，塊然獨以其形立。紛而封哉，一以是終。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     雕琢复朴，块然独以其形立。纷而封哉，一以是终。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Diāo zhuó fù pǔ, kuài rán dú yǐ qí xíng lì. Fēn ér fēng zāi, yī yǐ shì zhōng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 元 (“yuan; dollar”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		圓, 元
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	塊
	Taiwan	塊
	Harbin	塊
	Malaysia	塊
	Singapore	塊
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	塊
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	塊
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	塊
	Wanrong	塊
	Xi'an	塊
	Xining	塊
	Xuzhou	塊
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	塊
	Lanzhou	塊
	Ürümqi	塊
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	塊
	Wuhan	塊
	Guiyang	塊
	Guilin	塊
	Liuzhou	塊
	Nanning (Wuming)	塊
	Shanglin (Sanli)	塊
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	塊
	Yangzhou	塊
	Hefei	塊
Cantonese	Guangzhou	蚊, 蚊雞, 雞士, 個, 銀
	Hong Kong	蚊, 蚊雞, 雞士, 個, 銀, 雞嘢
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	蚊
	Macau	蚊
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	蚊
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	蚊
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	蚊
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	蚊
	Foshan	蚊
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	文
	Foshan (Shunde)	蚊
	Foshan (Sanshui)	蚊雞
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	蚊雞
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	蚊
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	蚊
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	蚊
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	蚊
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	蚊
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	蚊
	Taishan	蚊
	Kaiping (Chikan)	蚊
	Enping (Niujiang)	蚊
	Heshan (Yayao)	蚊
	Dongguan	蚊, 蚊雞
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	蚊
	Qingyuan	蚊
	Fogang	蚊
	Yingde (Hanguang)	蚊
	Yangshan	蚊
	Lianshan (Butian)	蚊
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	蚊
	Shaoguan	蚊
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	蚊
	Renhua	蚊雞
	Lechang	蚊
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	蚊
	Sihui	蚊雞
	Deqing	蚊
	Huaiji	蚊
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	蚊
	Yunfu	蚊
	Xinxing	蚊
	Luoding	蚊
	Yunan (Pingtai)	蚊
	Yangjiang	蚊, 個
	Lianjiang	蚊
	Nanning	蚊
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	蚊
	Qinzhou	蚊
	Beihai	蚊
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	蚊
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	蚊
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	蚊
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	箍, 蚊
	Penang (Guangfu)	蚊
	Singapore (Guangfu)	蚊, 箍
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	蚊
	Móng Cái	蚊
Gan	Nanchang	塊
	Lichuan	塊
	Pingxiang	塊
Hakka	Meixian	塊
	Xingning	吊
	Yudu	塊
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	個
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	個
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	個
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	個
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	個
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	銀, 箍
	Hong Kong	塊, 蚊
	Sabah (Longchuan)	箍
	Senai (Huiyang)	箍
	Kuching (Hepo)	箍
	Singkawang	盾
	Singapore (Dabu)	箍
Huizhou	Jixi	塊
Jin	Taiyuan	塊
	Xinzhou	塊
Northern Min	Jian'ou	塊
	Pucheng (Shibei)	塊
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	塊
	Fuqing	塊
	Matsu	塊
Southern Min	Xiamen	箍
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	箍
	Quanzhou	箍
	Shishi	箍
	Zhangzhou	箍
	Zhao'an	箍
	Dongshan	箍
	Taipei	箍
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	箍
	Kaohsiung	箍
	Yilan	箍
	Changhua (Lukang)	箍
	Taichung	箍
	Tainan	箍
	Hsinchu	箍
	Kinmen	箍
	Penghu (Magong)	箍
	Penang (Hokkien)	箍
	Singapore (Hokkien)	箍
	Manila (Hokkien)	箍
	Chaozhou	銀, 箍, 個, 個銀
	Shantou	銀, 個, 箍 dated, 個銀
	Shantou (Chenghai)	銀
	Jieyang	個, 個銀
	Haifeng	個銀
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	箍
	Singapore (Teochew)	箍, 個銀
	Leizhou	個
	Wenchang	銀, 個
	Haikou	個銀, 銀
	Qionghai	銀
	Singapore (Hainanese)	箍
Puxian Min	Putian	個
	Xianyou	個
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	蚊
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	蚊, 蚊雞
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	塊
Wu	Shanghai	塊
	Shanghai (Chongming)	塊
	Suzhou	塊
	Danyang	塊
	Hangzhou	塊
	Wenzhou	個
	Jinhua	塊
Xiang	Changsha	塊
	Loudi	塊
	Shuangfeng	塊
	Quanzhou	塊

See also

• (Cantonese) 嚿 (huò)

Etymology 2

Jerry Norman reconstructs Common Min *tɔi⁵ based on the coastal Min forms; it is unclear how the Min Bei forms relate to the coastal Min forms. Possibly from 段 (OC *doːns, “section; segment”); compare 短 (OC *toːnʔ, “short”) > Xiamen té (Coblin, n.d.).

Pronunciation

• Northern Min (KCR): tī
• Eastern Min (BUC): dó̤i
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tè / tèr

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• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: tī
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dó̤i
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔy²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung, Jinjiang, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tè
    • Tâi-lô: tè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dex
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /te²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /te¹¹/
    • IPA (Jinjiang, Philippines): /te⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Hsinchu)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tèr
    • Tâi-lô: tèr
    • IPA (Lukang): /tə³¹/
    • IPA (Kinmen): /tə¹²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tə⁴¹/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 塊
Mandarin	Beijing
	Harbin
	Tianjin
	Jinan
	Qingdao
	Zhengzhou
	Xi'an
	Xining
	Yinchuan
	Lanzhou
	Ürümqi
	Wuhan
	Chengdu
	Guiyang
	Kunming
	Nanjing
	Hefei
Jin	Taiyuan
	Pingyao
	Hohhot
Wu	Shanghai
	Suzhou
	Hangzhou
	Wenzhou
Hui	Shexian
	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha
	Xiangtan
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou
	Nanning
	Hong Kong
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/te²¹/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/tøy³²/ 訓讀
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/tʰi⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)
	Haikou (Hainanese)

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 塊

1. (Min) piece; chunk; lump; part
2. (Min) Classifier for piece of something (food, cloth, stone): piece; chunk; slab
3. (Eastern Min) place

   底塊／底块 [Eastern Min]  ―  diē-dó̤i / [tie³³⁻⁵⁵ ^(t-)lɔy²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]  ―  where

4. (Eastern Min, colloquial) Classifier for money: yuan; dollar; buck
5. (Eastern Min) Classifier for places.

Synonyms

• (yuan): (see dialectal synonyms table above)

Further reading

• “Entry #9382”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

塊

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)
• Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō)
• Kun: かたまり (katamari, 塊, Jōyō); つちくれ (tsuchikure, 塊)

Compounds

• 酸(ス)塊(グリ) (suguri)
• 松塊(マツホド) (matsuhodo)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
塊
かたまり Grade: S
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 塊 – see the following entry.

【固かたまり】 [noun] lump, mass, clump, clod, glob

(This term, 塊, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
塊
かい Grade: S
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 塊 (MC khwojH).

Affix

塊(かい) • (kai) 

1. lump, mass, chunk, clod

Derived terms

• 塊茎(かいけい) (kaikei)
• 塊鉱(かいこう) (kaikō)
• 塊根(かいこん) (kaikon)
• 塊(かい)状(じょう) (kaijō)
• 塊然(かいぜん) (kaizen)
• 塊村(かいそん) (kaison)
• 塊炭(かいたん) (kaitan)
• 塊(かい)土(ど) (kaido)
• 一塊(いっかい) (ikkai)
• 岩塊(がんかい) (gankai)
• 凝(ぎょう)塊(かい) (gyōkai)
• 金塊(きんかい) (kinkai)
• 血塊(けっかい) (kekkai)
• 山塊(さんかい) (sankai)
• 集(しゅう)塊(かい) (shūkai)
• 小(しょう)塊(かい) (shōkai)
• 水塊(すいかい) (suikai)
• 石塊(せっかい) (sekkai)
• 団塊(だんかい) (dankai)
• 地(ち)塊(かい) (chikai)
• 鋳(ちゅう)塊(かい) (chūkai)
• 土(ど)塊(かい) (dokai)
• 肉塊(にくかい) (nikukai), 肉塊(にっかい) (nikkai)
• 氷(ひょう)塊(かい) (hyōkai)
• 糞塊(ふんかい) (funkai)
• 磊塊(らいかい) (raikai)
• 卵塊(らんかい) (rankai)
• 陸塊(りくかい) (rikukai)

 

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Korean

Hanja

塊 • (goe) (hangeul 괴, McCune–Reischauer koe)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 塊 (khối, cỏi, khỏi, hòn, khói)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.