羨

See also: 羡

羨 U+7FA8, 羨 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7FA8 ← 羧 [U+7FA7] CJK Unified Ideographs 義 → [U+7FA9]

Translingual

Han character

羨 (radical 123, 羊+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 廿土水弓人 (TGENO), four-corner 8018₂, composition ⿱𦍌㳄)

References

• KangXi: page 952, character 31
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28503
• Dae Jaweon: page 1396, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3134, character 10
• Unihan data for U+7FA8

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Chinese

trad.		羨
simp.		羡

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiàn (xian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sin⁶
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): siān / siǎn / soān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): iang⁶ / iêng⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: xiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄢˋ
    • Wade–Giles: hsien⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiann
    • IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sin⁶
    • Yale: sihn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sin⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: xin⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /siːn²²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siān
    • Tâi-lô: siān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sien
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɕiɛn²²/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ɕiɛn³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɛn⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siǎn
    • Tâi-lô: siǎn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɕiɛn²²/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soān
    • Tâi-lô: suān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: soan
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /suan³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /suan²²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: iang⁶ / iêng⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: iăng / iĕng
    • IPA ^(key): /iaŋ³⁵/, /ieŋ³⁵/

Note:

• iang6 - Shantou;
• iêng6 - Chaozhou.

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• Middle Chinese: /ziᴇn^H/▼

Rime
Character	羨
Reading #	2/3
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	似面切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ziᴇnH/
Pan Wuyun	/ziɛnH/
Shao Rongfen	/zjænH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zianH/
Li Rong	/ziɛnH/
Wang Li	/zĭɛnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/zi̯ɛnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiàn

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-N-qa[r]-s/, /*s-[ɢ]a[n]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ljans/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	羨	羨
Reading #	1/3	2/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiàn	xiàn
Middle Chinese	‹ zjenH ›	‹ zjenH ›
Old Chinese	/*s-N-qa[r]-s/	/*s-[ɢ]a[n]-s/
English	covet, desire	surplus, affluence
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	羨
Reading #	2/3
No.	13574
Phonetic component	羨
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	羡
Old Chinese	/*ljans/
Notes	㳄字轉註

Definitions

羨

1. envy, admire
2. to praise
3. covet
4. 10th tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝌏)

Compounds

• 企羨／企羡
• 個個稱羨／个个称羡
• 健羨／健羡
• 充羨／充羡
• 奇羨／奇羡
• 曼羨／曼羡
• 欣羨／欣羡 (xīnxiàn)
• 欽羨／钦羡

• 歆羨／歆羡 (xīnxiàn)
• 歎羨／叹羡
• 稱羨／称羡 (chēngxiàn)
• 羨慕／羡慕 (xiànmù)
• 羨煞／羡煞
• 羨財／羡财
• 羨餘／羡余 (xiànyú)
• 耗羨／耗羡

• 臨川羨魚／临川羡鱼
• 臨河羨魚／临河羡鱼
• 臨淵羨魚／临渊羡鱼 (línyuānxiànyú)
• 談羨／谈羡
• 豔羨／艳羡 (yànxiàn)
• 陽羨／阳羡
• 餘羨／余羡
• 驚羨／惊羡

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yí (yi²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧˊ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: yí
    • Zhuyin: ㄧˊ
    • Wade–Giles: i²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yi
    • IPA ^(key): /i³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /jiɪ/▼

Rime
Character	羨
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	以脂切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiɪ/
Pan Wuyun	/ji/
Shao Rongfen	/jɪ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ji/
Li Rong	/i/
Wang Li	/ji/
Bernard Karlgren	/i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yí

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*lel/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	羨
Reading #	1/3
No.	13573
Phonetic component	羨
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	姨
Old Chinese	/*lel/
Notes	沙羨漢縣

Definitions

羨

1. Only used in 沙羨／沙羡.

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 羨 – see 延 (“to prolong; to stretch; to extend; etc.”). (This character, 羨, is a variant form of 延.)

References

• Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)

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Japanese

Kanji

羨

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On (unclassified): せん (sen, Jōyō); えん (en)
• Kun: うらやましい (urayamashii, 羨ましい, Jōyō); うらやむ (urayamu, 羨む, Jōyō); あまり (amari)

Compounds

• 羨 (うらや)ましい (urayamashī): jealous, envious
• 羨 (うらや)む (urayamu): to be jealous, to be envious

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Korean

Hanja

羨 • (seon, yeon) (hangeul 선, 연, revised seon, yeon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn, yŏn, Yale sen, yen)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.