說

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See also: 説 and 说
說 U+8AAA, 說
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8AAA
← 誩
[U+8AA9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 誫 →
[U+8AAB]
說 U+F96F, 說
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F96F
← 葉
[U+F96E] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 殺 →
[U+F970]
說 U+F9A1, 說
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9A1
← 裂
[U+F9A0] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 廉 →
[U+F9A2]

Translingual

Traditional 說
Shinjitai 説
Simplified 说

Han character

說 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+7, 14 strokes, cangjie input 卜口金口山 (YRCRU), four-corner 08616, composition ⿰言兌)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1164, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35556
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1629, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 6, page 3979, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+8AAA

Chinese

trad. 說/説
simp. 说
alternative forms ⿰言兊

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 說
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (兌) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
毤 *l̥ʰoːds
蛻 *l'oːds, *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods, *lod, *lod
娧 *l̥ʰoːds, *lod
駾 *l̥ʰoːds
裞 *l̥ʰoːds, *hljods
兌 *l'oːds
綐 *l'oːds
銳 *l'oːds, *lods
帨 *stʰods, *hljods
稅 *hljods
說 *hljods, *hljod, *lod
涚 *hljods
䫄 *rtʰoːd
脫 *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
侻 *l̥ʰoːd
挩 *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
莌 *l̥ʰoːd, *l'oːd
梲 *l̥ʰoːd, *ʔljod, *l̥ʰuːd
鮵 *l'oːd
敓 *l'oːd
痥 *l'oːd
悅 *lod, *lod
閱 *lod

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljods, *hljod, *lod) : semantic 言 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds).

Etymology

All of the pronunciations of this character are in the same word family derived from a root *lo meaning “to loosen; to relax” (Schuessler, 2007). STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/s-lwat (“free; release; slip; dislocate”).

Pronunciation 1 is derived by causative devoicing of 悅 (OC *lod, “to relax; to be delighted”) (pronunciation 3).

Pronunciation 2 is probably the exoactive of pronunciation 1.

Pronunciation 1

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Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 說

  1. to say; to speak
    說漢語／说汉语  ―  shuō Hànyǔ  ―  speak Chinese
    說話／说话  ―  shuōhuà  ―  to speak
  2. to explain
    把話說清楚／把话说清楚  ―  bǎ huà shuō qīngchǔ  ―  to make it clear
  3. to refer to
    是說你，不是說他。 [MSC, trad.]
    是说你，不是说他。 [MSC, simp.]
    Shì shuō nǐ, bùshì shuō tā. [Pinyin]
    I am talking about you, not them.
  4. to discuss
    沒有好說的。／没有好说的。  ―  Méiyǒu hǎo shuō de.  ―  There is nothing to say.
  5. to introduce; to bring parties together
    說媒／说媒  ―  shuōméi  ―  to act as a matchmaker
  6. to criticize; to scold; to upbraid
    你怎麼天天都說我？ [MSC, trad.]
    你怎么天天都说我？ [MSC, simp.]
    Nǐ zěnme tiāntiān dōu shuō wǒ? [Pinyin]
    Why do you constantly criticize me?
  7. to perform
    說相聲／说相声  ―  shuō xiàngshēng  ―  to perform cross-talk
  8. theory; explanation
    學說／学说  ―  xuéshuō  ―  theory
    假說／假说  ―  jiǎshuō  ―  hypothesis
Synonyms
  • (to say):
Dialectal synonyms of 說 (“to say, to speak”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 言, 云, 曰, 道
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 說, 道 literary
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 說
Taiwan 說, 講
Malaysia 說, 講
Singapore 說, 講
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 說
Jinan 說
Jiaoliao Mandarin Qingdao 說, 講
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 說
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 說
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 說
Wuhan 說
Guilin 講
Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine) 講
Pematangsiantar 講
Jianghuai Mandarin Hefei 講
Cantonese Guangzhou 講, 話
Hong Kong 講, 話
Macau 講, 話
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 講, 話
Zhuhai (Doumen) 講
Taishan 話
Taishan (Guanghai) 講
Yunfu 話
Yangjiang 講, 話
Beihai 講
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 講
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 講
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 講
Danzhou 講
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 講, 話
Penang (Guangfu) 講, 話
Singapore (Guangfu) 講, 話
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 講
Móng Cái 講
Mandalay (Taishan) 講
Gan Nanchang 話
Hakka Meixian 講, 話
Wuhua (Meilin) 講
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 講
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 講
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 講
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 講
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 講
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 講
Hong Kong 講
Kuching (Hepo) 講
Singapore (Dabu) 講
Huizhou Jixi 講
Jin Taiyuan 說
Northern Min Jian'ou 話
Eastern Min Fuzhou 講
Fuqing 講
Singapore (Fuqing) 講
Southern Min Xiamen 講
Xiamen (Tong'an) 講
Quanzhou 說
Jinjiang 說
Shishi 說, 講
Zhangzhou 講
Zhao'an 呾, 講
Dongshan 講
Taipei 講
Kaohsiung 講
Tainan 講
Penang (Hokkien) 講
Singapore (Hokkien) 講
Manila (Hokkien) 說, 講
Chaozhou 呾
Raoping 呾
Shantou 呾
Shantou (Chenghai) 呾
Shantou (Chaoyang) 呾
Jieyang 呾
Lufeng 講
Haifeng 講
Bangkok (Teochew) 呾
Phnom Penh (Teochew) 呾
Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew) 呾
Singapore (Teochew) 呾
Pontianak (Teochew) 呾
Leizhou 講
Wenchang 講
Haikou 講
Qionghai 講
Singapore (Hainanese) 講
Puxian Min Putian 講
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 講
Southern Pinghua Binyang 講, 說
Wu Shanghai 講
Shanghai (Chongming) 話
Suzhou 講, 說
Hangzhou 說, 話, 講
Hangzhou (Yuhang) 講, 話
Ningbo 講, 話
Wenzhou 講
Xiang Changsha 講
Xiangtan 講
Xiangxiang 講
Xiangxiang (Meiqiao) 講
Shuangfeng 曰, 講
  • (to explain):
(deprecated template usage)
  • (to refer):
(deprecated template usage)
  • (to discuss):
(deprecated template usage)
  • (to criticize):
(deprecated template usage)
  • (theory):
(deprecated template usage)

Compounds

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Descendants

Sino-Xenic (說):
  • → Japanese: 説(せつ) (setsu)
  • → Korean: 설(說) (seol)
  • → Vietnamese: thuyết (說)

Pronunciation 2

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Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 說

  1. to persuade; to canvass; to lobby
  2. (Quanzhou Hokkien) to swindle; to defraud; to cheat out of
Synonyms
  • (to persuade):
(deprecated template usage)

Compounds

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Descendants

Sino-Xenic (說):

Pronunciation 3

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Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 說

  1. † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 悅／悦 (yuè, “happy; delighted”).

Compounds

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Pronunciation 4

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 說

  1. † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 脫／脱 (tuō, “to free; to relieve”).

Compounds

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References

(deprecated template usage)

Japanese

Shinjitai

説

Kyūjitai

說

Kanji

說

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 説)

  1. opinion
  2. theory
  3. explanation
  4. rumor

Readings

Usage notes

This character lacks essential JIS support and is not used in Japanese. The character 説 (U+8AAC) is used instead.

Korean

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 說 (MC sywet).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᄉᆑᇙ〮 (Yale: syyélq)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3] 니ᄅᆞᆯ (Yale: nilol) 셜 (Yale: syel)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

說 (eumhun 말씀 설 (malsseum seol))

  1. hanja form? of 설 (“theory, opinion, view; rumour”) [noun]
  2. hanja form? of 설 (“theory”) [suffix]
  3. hanja form? of 설 (“to explain; to speak; to talk”) [affix]
Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 說 (MC sywejH).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᄉᆒᆼ〮 (Yale: syyéy)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 달앨 (Yale: talGayl) 셰 (Yale: syey)

Pronunciation

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰe̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [세(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

說 (eumhun 달랠 세 (dallael se))

  1. hanja form? of 세 (“to persuade”) [affix]
Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 3

From Middle Chinese 說 (MC ywet).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᄋᆑᇙ〮 (Yale: yyélq)

Pronunciation

Hanja

說 (eumhun 기쁠 열 (gippeul yeol))

  1. hanja form? of 열 (“used in personal names”) [1]
  2. (literary Chinese) Alternative form of 悅 (“hanja form? of 열 (“to be happy”)”)

References

  1. ^ Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 29. [1]
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [4]

Vietnamese

Han character

說: Hán Nôm readings: thuyết

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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