ó

See also: Appendix:Variations of "o"

Template:character info/new

Translingual

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

The letter o with an acute accent.

Czech

Letter

ó (lower case, upper case Ó)

The 24th letter of the Czech alphabet, after o and before p.

Interjection

ó

oh

Faroese

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɔuː/
Homophone: óð

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

The eighteenth letter of the Faroese alphabet, called ó and written in the Latin script.

Galician

Alternative forms

ao

Etymology

From contraction of preposition a (“to, towards”) + masculine definite article o (“the”)

Contraction

ó m sg

Alternative spelling of ao

Hungarian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈoː]
Audio: (file)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Uralic *oma (“old, previous”).^[1] Cognate with Finnish ammoin (“very long ago”), Estonian ammu (“once upon a time, long ago”), Northern Sami oames (“past, old”), and Erzya умок (umok, “a long time ago”).

Adjective

ó (comparative óbb, superlative legóbb)

(archaic) old, ancient (especially used in compound words, such as ókor 'antiquity')
Synonyms: antik, ódon, régi, ősi

Antonyms: mai, új

Coordinate terms: ős, közép, (as prefixes indicating historical periods) új

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	ó	ók
accusative	ót	ókat
dative	ónak	óknak
instrumental	óval	ókkal
causal-final	óért	ókért
translative	óvá	ókká
terminative	óig	ókig
essive-formal	óként	ókként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	óban	ókban
superessive	ón	ókon
adessive	ónál	óknál
illative	óba	ókba
sublative	óra	ókra
allative	óhoz	ókhoz
elative	óból	ókból
delative	óról	ókról
ablative	ótól	óktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	óé	óké
non-attributive possessive - plural	óéi	ókéi

Derived terms

ócska

Compound words, excluding peoples and languages

Compound names for peoples and languages

Etymology 2

An onomatopoeia.^[2]

Interjection

ó

oh!
Synonyms: óh, jaj, ja, juj, hű

Ó, értem már! ― Oh, I understand now!

Etymology 3

See óv.

Verb

ó

(archaic) Alternative form of óv, to protect, to guard.

Conjugation

conjugation of ó

Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	óvok	ósz	ó	óvunk	ótok	ónak
		Def.	óvom	óvod	ója	ójuk	ójátok	óják
		2nd-p. o.	ólak	―
	Past	Indef.	óttam	óttál	ótt	óttunk	óttatok	óttak
		Def.	óttam	óttad	ótta	óttuk	óttátok	ótták
		2nd-p. o.	óttalak	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. óni fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	óvék	óvál	óva	óvánk	óvátok	óvának
		Def.	óvám	óvád	óvá	óvánk	óvátok	óvák
		2nd-p. o.	óválak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. ó vala, ótt vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	óvandok	óvandasz	óvand	óvandunk	óvandotok	óvandanak
		Def.	óvandom	óvandod	óvandja	óvandjuk	óvandjátok	óvandják
		2nd-p. o.	óvandalak	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	ónék	ónál	óna	ónánk	ónátok	ónának
		Def.	ónám	ónád	óná	ónánk (or ónók)	ónátok	ónák
		2nd-p. o.	ónálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ótt volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	ójak	ój or ójál	ójon	ójunk	ójatok	ójanak
		Def.	ójam	ódd or ójad	ója	ójuk	ójátok	óják
		2nd-p. o.	ójalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ótt légyen
Infinitive	óni		ónom	ónod	ónia	ónunk	ónotok	óniuk
Other forms	óvás		óvó	ótt	óvandó	óva (óván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

potential conjugation of ó

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indicative mood	Present	Indef.	óhatok	óhatsz	óhat	óhatunk	óhattok	óhatnak
		Def.	óhatom	óhatod	óhatja	óhatjuk	óhatjátok	óhatják
		2nd-p. o.	óhatlak	―
	Past	Indef.	óhattam	óhattál	óhatott	óhattunk	óhattatok	óhattak
		Def.	óhattam	óhattad	óhatta	óhattuk	óhattátok	óhatták
		2nd-p. o.	óhattalak	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	óhaték	óhatál	óhata	óhatánk	óhatátok	óhatának
		Def.	óhatám	óhatád	óhatá	óhatánk	óhatátok	óhaták
		2nd-p. o.	óhatálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. óhat vala, óhatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	óhatandok or óvandhatok	óhatandasz or óvandhatsz	óhatand or óvandhat	óhatandunk or óvandhatunk	óhatandotok or óvandhattok	óhatandanak or óvandhatnak
		Def.	óhatandom or óvandhatom	óhatandod or óvandhatod	óhatandja or óvandhatja	óhatandjuk or óvandhatjuk	óhatandjátok or óvandhatjátok	óhatandják or óvandhatják
		2nd-p. o.	óhatandalak or óvandhatlak	―
Conditional mood	Present	Indef.	óhatnék	óhatnál	óhatna	óhatnánk	óhatnátok	óhatnának
		Def.	óhatnám	óhatnád	óhatná	óhatnánk (or óhatnók)	óhatnátok	óhatnák
		2nd-p. o.	óhatnálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. óhatott volna
Subjunctive mood	Present	Indef.	óhassak	óhass or óhassál	óhasson	óhassunk	óhassatok	óhassanak
		Def.	óhassam	óhasd or óhassad	óhassa	óhassuk	óhassátok	óhassák
		2nd-p. o.	óhassalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. óhatott légyen
Inf.	(óhatni)		(óhatnom)	(óhatnod)	(óhatnia)	(óhatnunk)	(óhatnotok)	(óhatniuk)
Positive adjective			óható	Neg. adj.	óhatatlan	Adv. part.	(óhatva / óhatván)

Derived terms

References

^ Álgu etymological database, entry #79941 (language: Proto-Uralic, word: oma)
^ ó in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)

Icelandic

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ouː/
Rhymes: -ouː

Letter

ó (upper case Ó)

The nineteenth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Interjection

ó!

oh!, ah!
Ó ókei, gangi þér vel.
Oh ok, good luck.
O, oh, the Icelandic vocative particle, used before a pronoun or the name of a person or persons to mark direct address
Ó, góðu menn! Heyr mín orð.
O good men! Heed my words.
- Lofsöngur:
  Ó, guð vors lands.
  Oh, our country's God.

Irish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /oː/

Etymology 1

From ua, from Old Irish úa (“grandson, descendant”).

Alternative forms

ua (archaic)

Noun

ó m (genitive ó, nominative plural óí, genitive in surnames uí, nominative plural in historical sept names uí)

(archaic) grandson, grandchild
Synonym: garmhac
1. (archaic) descendant

Declension

Declension of ó

Fourth declension

Bare forms

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ó	óí
Vocative	a ó	a óí
Genitive	ó	óí
Dative	ó	óí

Forms with the definite article

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	an t-ó	na hóí
Genitive	an ó	na n-óí
Dative	leis an ó don ó	leis na hóí

Forms in surnames and sept names

Declension of ó

First declension

Bare forms:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	ó	uí, í
Vocative	—	—
Genitive	uí, í	ó
Dative	ó	uíbh, íbh

Forms with the definite article:

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	—	—
Genitive	—	—
Dative	—	—

Related terms

ua
Ó

Etymology 2

From Old Irish ó, úa, from Proto-Celtic *aw, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew (“away”).

Preposition

ó (plus dative, triggers lenition)

of, from (indicating origin)
ó ghleann go gleann ― from glen to glen
used in conjunction with the verb bí to indicate need/want
Tá bainne uaim.
I need milk.

Inflection

Inflection of ó

Person	Normal	Emphatic
1st person sing.	uaim	uaimse
2d person sing.	uait	uaitse
3d sing. masc.	uaidh	uaidhsean
3d sing. fem.	uaithi	uaithise
1st person pl.	uainn	uainne
2d person pl.	uaibh	uaibhse
3d person pl.	uathu	uathusan

Irish preposition contractions

Basic form	Contracted with							Copular forms
Basic form	an (“the sg”)	na (“the pl”)	mo (“my”)	do (“your”)	a (“his, her, their; which (present)”)	ár (“our”)	ar (“which (past)”)	(before consonant)	(present/future before vowel)	(past/conditional before vowel)
de (“from”)	den	de na desna*	de mo dem*	de do ded, det	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
do (“to, for”)	don	do na dosna*	do mo dom*	do do dod, dot	dá	dár		dar	darb	darbh
faoi (“under, about”)	faoin	faoi na	faoi mo	faoi do	faoina	faoinár	faoinar		faoinarb	faoinarbh
i (“in”)	sa, san	sna	i mo im*	i do id, it	ina	inár	inar		inarb	inarbh
le (“with”)	leis an	leis na	le mo lem*	le do led, let	lena	lenár	lenar		lenarb	lenarbh
ó (“from, since”)	ón	ó na ósna*	ó mo óm*	ó do ód, ót	óna	ónár	ónar		ónarb	ónarbh
trí (“through”)	tríd an	trí na	trí mo	trí do	trína	trínár	trínar		trínarb	trínarbh
*Dialectal.

Conjunction

ó (triggers lenition)

since (temporal)
ó chuala mé an scéala ― since I heard the news
after
bliain ó rugadh é ― a year after he was born
from the time when
ó bhaintear an féar go bhfuil sé tirim ― from the time the hay is cut until it is dry
once
ó bhrisfear é ― once it is broken
since (causal), inasmuch as
ó tá mé liom féin ― since I am alone

Derived terms

ós (“since it is”)

Etymology 3

Basically onomatopoeic, but compare English O, Latin ō, Ancient Greek ὦ (ô), etc.

Interjection

ó

oh

Particle

ó

O (vocative particle)
- 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, printed in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry, Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études 270. Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, p. 194:
  Ní dubhairt an mháthair seóid ach : « Tá go maith, a inghean ó ».
  The mother said nothing at all but, “That is well, daughter.”

Usage notes

This optional particle is placed after the vocative, which (in the written language at least) is obligatorily preceded by the vocative particle a, thus a mhic or a mhic ó (“O son, my son!”).

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
ó	n-ó	hó	t-ó
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Mandarin

Romanization

ó (o², Zhuyin ㄛˊ)

Template:pinyin reading of

Middle Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish áu, from Proto-Celtic *ausos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ṓws; cognate with English ear and Latin auris.

Noun

ó n

(archaic, poetic, anatomy) ear
some part of a cloak
some part of a shield, possibly a spike or boss
some part of a chessboard, possibly rings or handles for lifting
some part of a pitcher or vessel for liquor, possibly a curved, earlike handle

Mutation

Middle Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
ó	unchanged	n-ó
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Irish

Alternative forms

hó

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *aw (“away”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ew (“away, down”).

Conjunction

ó

Alternative form of úa (“since”)

Preposition

ó

Alternative form of úa
ó thurcbáil co fuinud ― from sunrise to sunset

Noun

ó

Alternative form of áu (“ear”)

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
ó	unchanged	n-ó
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɔ/

Etymology 1

Letter

ó (lower case, upper case Ó)

The letter o with an acute accent
- 2003, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix [Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix] (Harry Potter; 5), Rio de Janeiro: Rocco, →ISBN, page 294:
  […] o único professor presente quando entraram [na sala de aula] era Binns, [...] preparando-se para continuar sua monótona lengalenga sobre a guerra dos gigantes.
  [...] the only present teacher when they entered [the classroom] was Binns, [...] preparing to continue his monotonous explanation about the giants' war.

Etymology 2

Noun

ó m (plural s)

The name of the Latin-script letter O/o.
Synonyms: ô, oh

Etymology 3

Interjection

ó

(archaic) o; hey (vocative particle)
Ó Senhor, dai-me forças!
O Lord, give me strength.

Alternative forms

oh

Etymology 4

First syllable of olha or olhe.

Interjection

ó

(colloquial) look!

Spanish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /o/ [o]

Conjunction

ó

Obsolete spelling of o.

Usage notes

In many texts dating back to the pre-reform period use ó in place of o for all uses. Through the 20th century, it continued to see regular use near numerals to avoid confusion with a zero: 2 ó 3. All such uses are now considered nonstandard.

Taos

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈʔɑ/

Verb

ó (basic stem form)

wash

Related terms

kò’óne

Tetum

Pronoun

ó

you

Upper Sorbian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʊ/

Letter

ó (lower case, upper case Ó)

The twenty-third letter of the Upper Sorbian alphabet, called ó and written in the Latin script.

Vietnamese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [ʔɔ˧˦]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [ʔɔ˨˩˦]
(Saigon) IPA^(key): [ʔɔ˦˥]

Noun

(classifier con) ó

buzzard, hawk

ó

Translingual

Letter

See also

Czech

Letter

Interjection

Faroese

Pronunciation

Letter

See also

Galician

Alternative forms

Etymology

Contraction

Hungarian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Adjective

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Interjection

See also

Etymology 3

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

Icelandic

Pronunciation

Letter

See also

Interjection

See also

Irish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Noun

Declension

Related terms

Etymology 2

Preposition

Inflection

Conjunction

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Interjection

Particle

Usage notes

Mutation

Further reading

Mandarin

Romanization

Middle Irish

Etymology

Noun

Mutation

Further reading

Old Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Conjunction

Preposition

Noun

Mutation

Further reading

Portuguese

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Letter

Etymology 2

Noun

Etymology 3

Interjection

Alternative forms

Etymology 4

Interjection

See also