O

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See also: o, ö, ő, and Appendix:Variations of "o"
LetterO.svg
O U+004F, O
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O
← N
[U+004E] 		Basic Latin P →
[U+0050]
Ｏ U+FF2F, Ｏ
FULLWIDTH LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O
← Ｎ
[U+FF2E] 		Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms Ｐ →
[U+FF30]
🅾 U+1F17E, 🅾
NEGATIVE SQUARED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O
← 🅽
[U+1F17D] 		Enclosed Alphanumeric Supplement 🅿 →
[U+1F17F]

Translingual[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology[edit]

From the Etruscan letter 𐌏 (o, “o”), from the Ancient Greek letter Ο (O, “omikron”), derived from the Phoenician letter 𐤏‎ (ʿ, “ʿayin”), from the Egyptian hieroglyph 𓁹.

Letter[edit]

O (lower case o)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

See also[edit]

Symbol[edit]

O

  1. (chemistry) Symbol for oxygen.
  2. (mathematics) big O: a class of functions asymptotically bounded from above by a specific function, up to a constant factor
  3. (linear algebra, group theory) orthogonal group

Gallery[edit]

  • Letter styles

  • Normal and italic O

  • Uppercase and lowercase O in Fraktur

See also[edit]

Other representations of O:

English[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o, plural Os or O's)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the English alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.
    • 1959, Anthony Burgess, Beds in the East (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 421:
      "Supposing somebody sees you, with all those flowers too? Supposing somebody writes him a letter? Ooooh!" (a pure round open Tamil O.)

Noun[edit]

O (uncountable)

  1. A blood type that lacks A or B antigens and may only receive transfusions of similar type O blood, but may donate to all (neglecting Rh factor). Synonym: universal donor.
See also[edit]

Number[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The ordinal number fifteenth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

Etymology 2[edit]

From Middle English O, o, from Old English o, from Latin o and Ancient Greek ὦ (ô, interjection). Featured prominently in William Tyndale's 1525 translation of the New Testament.

Alternative forms[edit]

  • o
  • ô (obsolete)

Particle[edit]

O

  2. The English vocative particle, used for direct address.
    O, Death! O, Death! Won't you spare me over til another year? - part of the refrain from the American folk song "A Conversation with Death".
    • 1525, Tyndale's translation of Romans 2.1,3:
      Therefore arte thou inexcusable o man whosoever thou be that iudgest. For in that same where in thou iudgest another, thou cõdemnest thysilfe. For thou that iudgest doest evẽ the same silfe thynges. […] Thynkest thou O man that iudgest them which do soche thyngs and yet dost evẽ the very same, that thou shalt escape the iudgemẽt of God?
    • c. 1810-1820?, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Notes on Macbeth
      O! the affecting beauty of the death of Cawdor, and the presentimental speech of the king: […]
    • For more quotations using this term, see Citations:O.
Usage notes[edit]
  • The word O is typically written in upper case in modern usage.
  • O is often used in translations from languages which have the vocative case.
  • Although it is not strictly archaic, the particle is sometimes used archaizingly. It conveys a formal or reverential tone.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
Synonyms[edit]
See also[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Abbreviation.

Noun[edit]

O (countable and uncountable, plural Os)

  1. (printing) American Library Association abbreviation of octavo, a book size (20-25 cm).
  2. (soccer) Someone associated with Leyton Orient Football Club, as a player, coach, supporter etc.
  3. (cricket) The number of overs bowled.
  4. (slang) Orgasm.
    Synonym: big O
    • 1998 October 17, M6968, “STORY: The Violation of Sunny a wrestling story, by Wonder Mike”, in alt.sex.stories, Usenet‎[1], retrieved November 22, 2014:
      Sunny felt some cold and wet press against her pussy, it startled her, then it's tongue went deep inside of her, she had been eaten out before, but never this could, who ever was doing it was a real pro, and had to have the longest tongue in the world it was buried at least three inches inside of her and was taking long, hard strokes, it was trying to get even deeper, it was only seconds before she started shaking from her first O.
    • 1999 March 31, JT aka GF, “Re: mary p., hex and going "downtown"”, in alt.psst.hoy, Usenet‎[2], retrieved November 22, 2014:
      Further on, when she's about to reach her first O, the taste turns from no taste to champagne-like.
    • 2010, Lonnie Hicks, Einstein, Religion, Politics and Literature, page 308:
      She thought you could get pregnant from tonguing when kissing; about her first O and how it scared her; how she looked in the mirror afterwards to see if she had changed; about how scared she was when it came time to deliver the baby.
    • 2011 June 14, wtw, “{wtw} - "4someWithFriends" (1/1)”, in alt.sex.stories, Usenet‎[3], retrieved November 22, 2014:
      Now my friend was fingering my wife and licking her clit. My wife reached her first O of the night.
  5. (slang) Opium.
    • 1952, Collier's: Incorporating Features of the American Magazine (page 22)
      We lay on our stomachs on the living-room floor in a circle around our host, a skinny little man who said he'd been smoking O for 20 years.

Adjective[edit]

O (not comparable)

  1. (historical) Abbreviation of morally offensive. (film classification of the National Legion of Decency)

Etymology 4[edit]

Korean 오, 伍 or 吳 (o, 伍 or 吳)

Alternative forms[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

O

  1. A Korean surname, from Korean, the English form of a surname very common in Korea. (오 (O), hanja: 伍, 吳).

Etymology 5[edit]

From Mandarin 鄂 (È) Wade-Giles romanization: O⁴.

Proper noun[edit]

O

  1. Alternative form of E
    • 1976, Noel Barnard, The Proceedings of a Symposium on Scientific Methods of Research in the Study of Ancient Chinese Bronzes and Southeast Asian Metal and Other Archaeological Artifacts, October 6-10, 1975, National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne‎[4], →ISBN, page 107:
      ⁶There are actually several geographical identifications proposed for the State of O: Wu-ch'ang in Hupei, Huai-ch'ing in Honan, and Fu-fang, Shensi (in the south-east thereof). As two inscriptions connected with the State of O refer to invasions....

Translations[edit]

E — see E

Afar[edit]

Letter[edit]

O

  1. The fifteenth letter in the Afar alphabet.

See also[edit]

Azerbaijani[edit]

Letter[edit]

O upper case (lower case o)

  1. The twenty-first letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Basque[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The sixteenth letter of the Basque alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Chinese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English occupied.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

Adjective[edit]

O

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese, slang) in a relationship

Usage notes[edit]

A number may be placed after O to indicate the number of relationships a person has had, including the current one.

Derived terms[edit]

Dutch[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (capital, lowercase o)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Dutch alphabet.

Adverb[edit]

O

  1. Abbreviation of oost; east

See also[edit]

  • Previous letter: N
  • Next letter: P

Esperanto[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The nineteenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Estonian[edit]

Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called oo and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Finnish[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called oo and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

French[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

O

  1. Abbreviation of ouest; west

Letter[edit]

O

  1. The fifteenth letter of the French alphabet.

Galician[edit]

Noun[edit]

O

  1. oeste, occidente (west)

Synonyms[edit]

  • (west): W

German[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the German alphabet.

Noun[edit]

O

  1. Abbreviation of Ost; east

Hungarian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

Declension[edit]

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative O O-k
accusative O-t O-kat
dative O-nak O-knak
instrumental O-val O-kkal
causal-final O-ért O-kért
translative O-vá O-kká
terminative O-ig O-kig
essive-formal O-ként O-kként
essive-modal — —
inessive O-ban O-kban
superessive O-n O-kon
adessive O-nál O-knál
illative O-ba O-kba
sublative O-ra O-kra
allative O-hoz O-khoz
elative O-ból O-kból
delative O-ról O-król
ablative O-tól O-któl
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		O-é O-ké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		O-éi O-kéi
Possessive forms of O
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. O-m O-im
2nd person sing. O-d O-id
3rd person sing. O-ja O-i
1st person plural O-nk O-ink
2nd person plural O-tok O-itok
3rd person plural O-juk O-ik

See also[edit]

Ido[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (lower case o)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Italian[edit]

Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

O m or f (invariable, lower case o)

  1. The thirteenth letter of the Italian alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

Noun[edit]

O m

  1. Abbreviation of ovest; west

See also[edit]

Korean[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Japanese ○(まる).

Symbol[edit]

O

  1. true.

Antonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Latvian[edit]

Latvian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lv

Etymology[edit]

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation[edit]

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Letter[edit]

O

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The twenty-third letter of the Latvian alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

In native Latvian words (and in some older borrowings), o represents the sound of IPA [uə̯] (e.g., otrs [uə̯tɾs]). In more recent borrowings, it represents the original sound of the word, i.e. [o] or [oː] (e.g., opera [oːpeɾa]).

See also[edit]

Malay[edit]

Malay Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ms

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Name of letter) IPA(key): [o]
  • (Phoneme) IPA(key): [o], [ɔ]

Letter[edit]

O

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Polish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The twentieth letter of the Polish alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Portuguese[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Romanian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

When followed by the letter a, a diphthong representing the phoneme /o̯a/ is formed, as in foarte /ˈfo̯ar.te/.

See also[edit]

Saanich[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

O

  1. The twenty-third letter of the Saanich alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Skolt Sami[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (lower case o)

  1. The twenty-fourth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Slovene[edit]

Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (capital, lowercase o)

  1. The 16th letter of the Slovene alphabet. Preceded by N and followed by P.

Somali[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /ɔ/, /ɞ/
  • (letter name): IPA(key): /ʔɔ/

Letter[edit]

O upper case (lower case o)

  1. The twenty-sixth letter of the Somali alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

  • The twenty-sixth letter of the Somali alphabet, which follows Arabic abjad order. It is preceded by I and followed by U.

See also[edit]

Spanish[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. the 16th letter of the Spanish alphabet

Noun[edit]

O m

  1. Abbreviation of oeste; west

Turkish[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The eighteenth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The seventeenth letter of the Vietnamese alphabet, called o or ô and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Welsh[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The nineteenth letter of the Welsh alphabet, called o and written in the Latin script. It is preceded by N and followed by P.

Mutation[edit]

  • O cannot be mutated but, being a vowel, does take h-prothesis, for example with the word oren (“orange”):
Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal h-prothesis
oren unchanged unchanged horen
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • “O”, in R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors, Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies, 1950–present

Zulu[edit]

Letter[edit]

O (upper case, lower case o)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

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