this

See also: This, thîs, and þis

English

Etymology

From Middle English this, from Old English þis (neuter demonstrative), from North Sea Germanic base *þa- "that", from Proto-Germanic *þat, from Proto-Indo-European *tód, extended form of demonstrative base *to-; + North Sea Germanic definitive suffix -s, from Proto-Indo-European *só (“this, that”).

Cognate with Scots this (“this”), Saterland Frisian disse (“this”), West Frisian dizze (“this”), German dies, dieses (“this”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: thĭs, IPA^(key): /ðɪs/, /ðəs/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Audio (UK male)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪs

Determiner

this (plural these)

1. The (thing) here (used in indicating something or someone nearby).

   This classroom is where I learned to read and write.

2. The known (thing) (used in indicating something or someone just mentioned).

   They give the appearance of knowing what they're doing. It's this appearance that lets them get away with so much.

3. The known (thing) (used in indicating something or someone about to be mentioned).

   When asked what he wanted for his birthday, he gave this reply: “[…]”

4. A known (thing) (used in first mentioning a person or thing that the speaker does not think is known to the audience). Compare with "a certain ...".

   I met this woman the other day who's allergic to wheat. I didn't even know that was possible!

   There's just this nervous mannerism that Bob has with his hands, and it drives me crazy.

5. (Of a unit of time) which is current.

   It snowed this week.

   The clock stopped this morning.

Related terms

• that, these, those

Derived terms

• thisness
• this, that, and the other

Translations

the (thing) here

• Afrikaans: dit (af)
• Albanian: ky (sq) m, kjo (sq) f, ky (sq) m
• Apache:

  Western Apache: dii

• Arabic: هٰذَا m (hāḏā), هٰذِهِ f (hāḏihi), هٰذَانِ m du (hāḏāni), هٰتَانِ f du (hātāni), هٰؤلَاءِ pl (hāʾulāʾi)

  Egyptian Arabic: ده m (da), دي f (di), دول pl (dool)

  Moroccan Arabic: هاد (hād)

  Tunisian Arabic: هَذَا m (haḏā), هَذِهْ f (haḏi)

• Aramaic:

  Hebrew: הנא m (hānā’), הדא f (hāde’), אלה (he) pl (éle)

  Syriac: ܗܢܐ m (hānā’), ܗܕܐ f (hāde’)

• Armenian: այս (hy) (ays)
• Aromanian: aistu, aestu
• Ashkun: iāk
• Asturian: esti (ast) m, esta (ast) f
• Azerbaijani: bu (az)
• Belarusian: гэ́ты (be) m (héty), гэ́тая f (hétaja), гэ́та (be) n (héta), гэ́тыя pl (hétyja)
• Bengali: (adjective) এই (ei), (pronoun) (informal) এইটা (eiṭa), এটা (eṭa), (formal) এইটি (eiṭi), এটি (eṭi)
• Bulgarian: то́зи (tózi), та́зи f (tázi), това́ n (tová), те́зи (bg) pl (tézi)
• Burmese: ဟောဒီ (my) (hau:di), အနှီ (my) (a.hni)
• Buryat: энэ (ene)
• Catalan: aquest (ca), est (ca), este (ca)
• Cebuano: (closer to the speaker) kari, (close to both listener and speaker) kani
• Chamicuro: ana'ye
• Chechen: хӏара (hara)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 這／这 (zh), 这 (zh) (ze5) (literary), 呢 (yue) (ni¹) (vernacular), 此 (chi²) (vernacular or classical)

  Dungan: җы (žɨ)

  Hakka: 這／这, 这 (ché)

  Mandarin: 這／这 (zh), 这 (zh) (zhè, zhèi), 此 (zh) (cǐ) (literary, classical)

  Min Dong: 之 (cĭ), 茲／兹 (cī), 兹 (cī)

  Wu: 搿 (geq)

• Classical Nahuatl: inin
• Czech: tento (cs) m, tato (cs) f, toto (cs) n
• Danish: denne (da) c, dette (da) n
• Dutch: deze (nl) m or f or pl, dit (nl) n
• Emilian: sté
• Estonian: see (et)
• Faroese: hesin m, henda f, hetta n
• Finnish: tämä (fi)
• French: ce (fr) m, cette (fr) f, ce ... ci m, cette ... ci f

  Old French: cist, cest, cestui

• Friulian: chest
• Galician: este (gl) m
• Georgian: ის (ka) (is), ეს (es)
• German: dieser (de)
• Gothic: 𐌷𐌹𐌽𐌰 (hina)
• Greek: αυτός (el) m (aftós), τούτος (el) m (toútos) (colloquial), ετούτος (el) m (etoútos) (colloquial)

  Ancient: οὗτος m (hoûtos), αὕτη f (haútē), τοῦτο n (toûto); ὅδε m (hóde), ἥδε f (hḗde), τόδε n (tóde)

• Greenlandic: manna, matuma
• Hausa: wannan
• Hawaiian: kēia
• Hebrew: זֶה (he) m (ze), זֹאת (he) f (zot), זוֹ (he) f (zo)
• Hindi: यह (hi) (yah), इस (hi) (is)
• Hopi: iˈ
• Hungarian: ez a sg, ezek a pl
• Icelandic: þessi (is) m or f, þetta (is) n
• Ido: ico (io)
• Indonesian: ini (id)
• Interlingua: iste (ia)
• Irish: seo

  Old Irish: so

• Istriot: quisto m, quista f, sto m, stu m, sta f
• Italian: questo (it) m, questa (it) f, sto (it) m, sta (it) f
• Japanese: この (ja) (kono)
• Javanese: iki (jv)
• Kalmyk: эн (en)
• Kamkata-viri: ina
• Kannada: ಇವನು (kn) m (ivanu), ಇವ (kn) m (iva), ಇವಳು (kn) f (ivaḷu), ಇದು (kn) n (idu)
• Karakhanid: بُو (bū)
• Kazakh: бұл (kk) (būl)
• Khmer: នេះ (km) (nih)
• Kikai: ふり (furi)
• Kongo: yayi
• Korean: 이 (ko) (i), 이것 (ko) (igeot)
• Kunigami: ふりー (furī)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: ئەم ...ە (em ...e)

• Kyrgyz: бул (ky) (bul)
• Ladin: chest
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Lakota: le sg, lena pl
• Lao: ນີ້ (nī)
• Latgalian: itys m, itei f
• Latin: hic (la), is (la)
• Latvian: šis (lv) m, šī (lv) f, šie m pl, šīs (lv), šās f pl
• Ligurian: quésto, sto
• Lithuanian: šis m, ši f, šitas m, šita f
• Low German: disse, düsse ((also) Altmärkisch, Münsterländisch, Paderbornisch), düse ((also) Sauerländisch), düße (Paderbornisch)

  Middle Low German: düsse (16 century)

• Luxembourgish: dës
• Lü: ᦓᦲᦰ (ni)
• Macedonian: овој m (ovoj), оваа f (ovaa), ова n (ova)
• Malay:

  Jawi: اين, ني

  Rumi: ini (ms), ni

• Malayalam: ഇത് (ml) (itŭ)
• Maltese: dan m, din f, dawn pl
• Maore Comorian: -nu
• Maori: tēnei (mi)
• Miyako: くり (kuri), くい (kui)
• Mongolian: энэ (mn) (ene)
• Nahuatl: ye (nah)
• Navajo: díí
• Neapolitan: chist
• Ngazidja Comorian: -nu (cl. 2 to cl. 11 and cl. 16 to cl. 18), oyi class 1
• Northern Amami-Oshima: く゚りぃ (xurï)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: den (no), denne (no), det (no), dette (no)

• Novial:
• Okinawan: くり (kuri)
• Oki-No-Erabu: ふり (furi)
• Old Church Slavonic: тъ (tŭ)
• Old Turkic: 𐰉𐰆 (b¹u)
• Ottoman Turkish: بو (bu)
• Persian: این (fa) (in)
• Pipil: ini
• Pitcairn-Norfolk: dieh
• Polish: ten (pl)
• Portuguese: este (pt) m, esta (pt) f, isto (pt) n, estes (pt) m pl, estas (pt) f pl
• Punjabi: ਏਸ (pa) (ēsa)
• Quechua: kay (qu)
• Romagnol: stè, sta f
• Romanian: acest (ro) m, această (ro) f, ăsta (ro) m (informal), asta f (informal)
• Romansch: quest m, questa f
• Russian: э́тот (ru) m (étot), э́та (ru) f (éta), э́то (ru) n (éto), (these) э́ти (ru) pl (éti), сей (ru) m (sej) (dated, poetic)
• Scottish Gaelic: seo
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: тај

  Latin: taj

• Shan: ၼီ့ (nii)
• Sicilian: chistu (scn) m, stu (scn) m, chista (scn) f, sta (scn) f
• Sinhalese: මේ (si) (mē)
• Slovak: tento m, táto f, toto n
• Slovene: ta (sl) m or f, to (sl) n, ti (sl) pl
• Southern Amami-Oshima: く゚るっ (xur)
• Spanish: este (es),esta (es)
• Sundanese: iyeu
• Swedish: den här (sv), denna (sv)
• Tagalog: ito
• Tajik: ин (tg) (in)
• Talysh: (Asalemi): ام (əm)
• Tamil: இது (ta) (itu)
• Telugu: ఈ (te) (ī), ఇది (te) (idi)
• Thai: นี้ (th) (níi)
• Toku-No-Shima: く゚りぃ (xurï)
• Tregami: i
• Turkish: bu (tr), bunlar (tr) pl
• Turkmen: bu (tk)
• Ukrainian: цей (uk) (cej), ця (uk) f (cja), це (uk) n (ce), ці pl (ci)
• Uyghur: بۇ (bu)
• Uzbek: bu (uz)
• Venetian: cuesto m, cuesta f, sto m, sta f
• Vietnamese: này (vi)
• Volapük: at (vo)
• Waigali: iki
• Walloon: ci (wa) m or f, cisse (wa) f (from Eastern Walloon), èç (wa) m or f (from Western Walloon), cist (wa) m (before vowel), ciste f (before vowel), èç-n m or f (before vowel; all followed by adverb "ci" or "cial" or "vola" after noun)
• Waray-Waray: ini, i-ni
• Welsh: hwn m, 'ma, hon f, hyn
• West Frisian: dizze (fy) (dit (fy) n)
• White Hmong: qhov no
• Winnebago: teʼe
• Yaeyama: くり (kuri)
• Yiddish: דאָזיק (dozik), אָט (ot) (with definite article)
• Yonaguni: くー (kū)
• Yoron: ふり (furi)
• Zealandic: dezen m, deze f, dit n
• Zhuang: please add this translation if you can
• ǃXóõ: ʻVV, tVʻV, tVʻVV, tVVʻVV

known (thing) just mentioned

• Arabic: هٰذَا m (hāḏā), (nonhuman pl) هٰذِهِ f (hāḏihi), (variant of هذه) هٰذِي (hāḏī), (m dual) هٰذَانِ m (hāḏāni), (f dual) هٰتَانِ f (hātāni), (human plural) هٰؤُلَاءِ pl (hāʔulāʔi), (variant of هؤلاء) هٰأُولَاءِ (hāʾulāʾi)
• Chechen: и (i), иза (iza)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 這／这 (zh), 这 (zh) (zhè, zhèi)

• Czech: tento (cs) m
• Finnish: se (fi)
• French: ce (fr) m, cette (fr) f
• German: dieser (de)
• Greek: αυτός (el) m (aftós)

  Ancient: οὗτος m (hoûtos), αὕτη f (haútē), τοῦτο n (toûto)

• Japanese: これ (ja) (kore) (on its own), この (ja) (kono) (before a noun phrase)
• Korean: 그 (ko) (geu)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: ئەم ...ە (em ...e)

• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Macedonian: овој m (ovoj), оваа f (ovaa), ова n (ova)
• Malay:

  Jawi: اين, ني

  Rumi: ini (ms), ni

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: den (no), denne (no), det (no), dette (no)

• Polish: ten (pl)
• Portuguese: este (pt) m, esse (pt) m
• Russian: э́тот (ru) m (étot)
• Scottish Gaelic: seo
• Slovak: tento m
• Spanish: este (es) m
• Swedish: den (sv), denna (sv)

known (thing) about to be mentioned

• Chechen: хӏара (hara)
• Finnish: tämä (fi), tällainen (fi)
• French: ce (fr) m, cette (fr) f
• German: folgend (de), dieser (de)
• Greek: αυτός (el) m (aftós), ο εξής m (o exís)

  Ancient: ὅδε m (hóde), ἥδε f (hḗde), τόδε n (tóde)

• Korean: 이런 (ko) (ireon)
• Macedonian: ваков m (vakov), ваква f (vakva), вакво n (vakvo)
• Malay:

  Jawi: اين, ني

  Rumi: ini (ms), ni

• Maltese: dan m, din f, dawn pl
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: den (no), denne (no), det (no), dette (no)

• Polish: taki (pl)
• Portuguese: este (pt) m, esse (pt) m
• Russian: тако́й (ru) m (takój)
• Slovak: tento m
• Swedish: den (sv), denna (sv)
• Walloon: ci (wa)

known (thing) that the speaker does not think is known to the audience

• Finnish: eräs (fi)
• French: ce (fr) m, cette (fr) f
• German: so ein
• Greek: ένας (el) m (énas)
• Malay:

  Jawi: اين, ني

  Rumi: ini (ms), ni

• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: den (no), denne (no), det (no), dette (no)

• Polish: ten (pl)
• Portuguese: um (pt) m
• Slovak: tento m
• Swedish: den (sv), denna (sv)
• Walloon: ci (wa)

which is current

• Finnish: tämä (fi)
• French: ce (fr) m, cette (fr) f
• Korean: 이번 (ko) (ibeon)
• Ngazidja Comorian: -nu
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: denne (no), dette (no), nå (no), nå på (no) (concerning coming day), nå til (no) (concerning coming week, weekend or season)

• Slovak: tento m
• Uyghur: شۇ (shu), بۇ (bu), مۇشۇ (mushu)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Bulgarian: ^{(please verify)} този m (tozi), ^{(please verify)} тази f (tazi), ^{(please verify)} това n (tova), ^{(please verify)} тези (bg) pl (tezi), ^{(please verify)} тоя (bg) m (toja), ^{(please verify)} тая (bg) f (taja), ^{(please verify)} туй n (tuj), ^{(please verify)} тия pl (tija)
• Central Atlas Tamazight: ^{(please verify)} ⴰⴷ (ad)
• Cornish: (Kernewek Kemmyn): ^{(please verify)} an ... ma (an den ma, literally the man here)
• Dutch: ^{(please verify)} deze (nl) m, f, pl, ^{(please verify)} dit (nl) n
• Esperanto: ^{(please verify)} tiu ĉi , ^{(please verify)} ĉi tiu
• Hungarian: ^{(please verify)} ez a sg, ^{(please verify)} ezek a pl
• Kannada: ^{(please verify)} ಈ (ī)
• Korean: ^{(please verify)} 이 (ko) (i), ^{(please verify)} 이것 (ko) (igeot)
• Lakota: ^{(please verify)} le sg, ^{(please verify)} lena pl
• Latin: ^{(please verify)} hic (la)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Norwegian: ^{(please verify)} denne (no) m, ^{(please verify)} dette (no) n, ^{(please verify)} disse (no) pl
• Novial: , , ,
• Old English: ^{(please verify)} þes (ang) m, ^{(please verify)} þēos f, ^{(please verify)} þis (ang) n
• Serbo-Croatian: ^{(please verify)} ovaj m, ^{(please verify)} ova (sh) f, ^{(please verify)} ovi (sh) m, ^{(please verify)} ove (sh) f pl, ^{(please verify)} taj m, ^{(please verify)} ta (sh) f, ^{(please verify)} ti (sh) pl, ^{(please verify)} te (sh) f pl
• Spanish: ^{(please verify)} este (es)
• Telugu: ^{(please verify)} ఈ (te) (ī)
• Thai: ^{(please verify)} นี้ (th) (nēē)

Adverb

this (not comparable)

1. To the degree or extent indicated.

   I need this much water.

   Do we need this many recommendations?

   We've already come this far, we can't turn back now.

Translations

To the degree or extent indicated

• Dutch: zo (nl)
• Finnish: näin (fi)
• German: so (de)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Slovak: toľko, toľkoto, tak, takto
• Zealandic: zò

Pronoun

this (plural these)

1. The thing, item, etc. being indicated.

   This is the excellent foppery of the world, that, when we are sick in fortune,—often the surfeit of our own behaviour,—we make guilty of our disasters the sun, the moon, and the stars […] — Shakespeare, King Lear, Act 1. Scene 2.

Related terms

• that, these, those

Translations

The thing, item, etc. being indicated

• Albanian: ky (sq)
• Arabic: هٰذَا m (hāḏā), (nonhuman pl) هٰذِهِ f (hāḏihi), (variant of هذه) هٰذِي (hāḏī), (m dual) هٰذَانِ m (hāḏāni), (f dual) هٰتَانِ f (hātāni), (human plural) هٰؤُلَاءِ pl (hāʔulāʔi)

  Egyptian: ده m (da), دي f (di), دول pl (dool)

• Aramaic:

  Hebrew: הנא m (hānā’), הדא f (hāde’)

  Syriac: ܗܢܐ m (hānā’), ܗܕܐ f (hāde’)

• Armenian: սա (hy) (sa)
• Belarusian: гэ́ты (be) m (héty), гэ́та (be) (héta)
• Bengali: (informal) এইটা (eiṭa), এটা (eṭa); (formal) এইটি (eiṭi), এটি (eṭi)
• Bulgarian: ето (bg) (eto), това (tova)
• Burmese: ဒါ (my) (da)
• Catalan: això (ca) n, aquest (ca) m, aquesta (ca) f
• Chinese:

  Dungan: җы (žɨ), җыгә (žɨgə)

  Mandarin: 這／这 (zh), 这 (zh) (zhè, zhèi), 這個／这个 (zh), (this one (with measure words)) 这个 (zh) (zhè ge, zhèi ge), 這些／这些 (zh), (these) 这些 (zh) pl (zhèxiē)

• Classical Nahuatl: in
• Cornish:

  Kernewek Kemmyn: hemm, hemma m; homm, homma f

• Czech: toto (cs) n
• Danish: dette (da)
• Dutch: deze (nl) m/f/pl, dit (nl) n
• Esperanto: tio ĉi, ĉi tio
• Finnish: tämä (fi)
• French: ceci (fr)
• German: dieser (de) m, diese (de) f, dieses (de) n, diese (de) pl
• Greek:

  Ancient: οὗτος (hoûtos), αὕτη (haútē), τοῦτο (toûto)

  Katharevousa: ούτος (el) m (oútos), αύτη f (áfti), τούτο (el) n (toúto)

  Demotic Greek: αυτός (el) m (aftós), αυτή (el) f (aftí), αυτό (el) n (aftó)

• Greenlandic: manna, matuma
• Hebrew:
• Hindi: यह (hi) (yah)
• Hungarian: ez (hu)
• Icelandic: þessi (is), þetta (is), það (is)
• Ido: ca (io)
• Interlingua: isto (ia)
• Irish: seo

  Old Irish: inso

• Istriot: quisto m, quista f
• Italian: questo (it) m, questa (it) f
• Japanese: これ (ja) (koré)
• Kabuverdianu: es
• Karakhanid: بُو (bū)
• Korean: 이것 (ko) (igeot)
• Kurdish:

  Sorani: ئەمە (eme)

• Lao: ອັນນີ້ (ʼan nī)
• Latin: hic (la) m, haec (la) f, hoc (la) n
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Latvian: šis (lv) m, šī (lv) f
• Macedonian: овој m (ovoj), оваа f (ovaa), ова n (ova)
• Malay:

  Jawi: اين / ني

  Rumi: ini (ms) / ni

• Maltese: dan m, din f
• Manchu: (ere)
• Norwegian: denne (no) m or f, dette (no) n
• Novial: , m, f, n
• Old English: þes (ang) m, þēos f, þis (ang) n
• Persian: این (fa) (in)
• Pipil: ini
• Polish: ten (pl) m, ta (pl) f, to (pl) n
• Portuguese: isto (pt), isso (pt) m
• Rapa Nui: nei
• Romagnol: quest, questa f
• Romanian: acest (ro), ăsta (ro) m, această (ro), asta f
• Russian: э́то (ru) (éto), э́тот (ru) m (étot), э́та (ru) f (éta), э́то (ru) n (éto), (these) э́ти (ru) pl (éti)
• Sardinian: custu
• Scottish Gaelic: seo
• Serbo-Croatian: ovaj
• Sicilian: chistu (scn)
• Sindhi: هيءُ m, هِيءَ f
• Slovak: toto
• Slovene: tá (sl)
• Sorbian:

  Lower Sorbian: to

• Spanish: esto (es)
• Swedish: den här (sv) c, denna (sv) c, det här (sv) n, detta (sv) n
• Tajik: ин (tg) (in)
• Telugu: ఇది (te) (idi)
• Thai: นี่ (th) (nîi)
• Tofa: бо
• Tunisian Arabic: هَذَا m (haḏā), هَذِهْ f (haḏi)
• Turkish:

  Modern Turkish: bu (tr), bunlar (tr) pl

  Old Turkic: 𐰉𐰆 (b¹u)

  Ottoman Turkish: بو (bu)

• Ukrainian: цей (uk) m (cej), це (uk) (ce)
• Uyghur: بۇ (bu)
• Venetian: cuesto m, cuesta f
• Vietnamese: cái này, này (vi)
• Volapük: atos
• Welsh: hyn
• West Frisian: dit (fy) n, dizze (fy) m or f
• Yagnobi: ин (in)
• Zealandic: dit, ditte

Noun

this (plural thises)

1. (philosophy) Something being indicated that is here; one of these.
   • 2001, James G. Lennox, Aristotle's Philosophy of Biology, page 151:

     Terms like 'house', 'sphere', 'animal', and 'human' do not refer to other thises distinct from these ones here — they refer to the sort of thing these ones here are.

Interjection

this

1. (Internet slang) Indicates the speaker's strong approval or agreement with the previous material.

Synonyms

• +1
• IAWTP
• QFT

Anagrams

• HITs, Hist, Tish, hist, hist-, hist., hits, iths, shit, sith, tish

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Middle English

Etymology 1

Determiner

this

1. Alternative spelling of þis (“this”)

Pronoun

this

1. Alternative spelling of þis (“this”)

Adverb

this

1. Alternative spelling of þis (“this”)

Etymology 2

Determiner

this

1. Alternative spelling of þis (“these”)

Pronoun

this

1. Alternative spelling of þis (“these”)

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Quechua

FWOTD – 28 October 2013

Etymology

onomatopoeia

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʰis/

Interjection

this

1. the sound a cat makes when preparing to attack something
2. the sound of damp wood burning

References

• “this” in Academia Mayor de la Lengua Quechua (2006) Diccionario quechua-español-quechua, 2nd edition, Cusco: Edmundo Pantigozo, page 207.

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Scots

Determiner

this (plural thir)

1. this
2. Doric form of thir (“these”)

   This plants is deid.

   (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Pronoun

this (plural thir)

1. this
2. Doric form of thir (“these”)