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See also:
U+74DC, 瓜
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-74DC

[U+74DB]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+74DD]
U+2F60, ⽠
KANGXI RADICAL MELON

[U+2F5F]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F61]

Translingual

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Stroke order

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 97, +0, 5 strokes in Chinese, 6 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 竹女戈人 (HVIO), four-corner 72230, composition 𠂆 or 𤓰)

  1. Kangxi radical #97, .

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 746, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21371
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1154, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2654, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+74DC

Chinese

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trad.
simp. #
alternative forms
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) - a pictograph of a melon suspended by its vines.

Etymology 1

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Etymology not clear (Schuessler, 2007).

Possibly a borrowing from Proto-Hmong-Mien *klˠa (cucumber) (Ostapirat, 2016).

Compare also Tibetan ཀུ་བ (ku ba, gourd), Burmese သခွား (sa.hkwa:, cucumber) (Luce, 1981).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taiwan:
    • koe - vernacular;
    • koa - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /kua⁵⁵/
Harbin /kua⁴⁴/
Tianjin /kuɑ²¹/
Jinan /kua²¹³/
Qingdao /kua²¹³/
Zhengzhou /kua²⁴/
Xi'an /kua²¹/
Xining /kua⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /kua⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /kua³¹/
Ürümqi /kua⁴⁴/
Wuhan /kua⁵⁵/
Chengdu /kua⁵⁵/
Guiyang /kua⁵⁵/
Kunming /kua̠⁴⁴/
Nanjing /kuɑ³¹/
Hefei /kua²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /kua¹¹/
Pingyao /kuɑ¹³/
Hohhot /kua³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ko⁵³/
/kua⁵³/
Suzhou /ko⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /kuɑ³³/
Wenzhou /kuo³³/
Hui Shexian /kua³¹/
Tunxi /kuːə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /kua³³/
Xiangtan /kuɒ³³/
Gan Nanchang /kuɑ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /kua⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /kuɑ²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /kwa⁵⁵/
Nanning /kʷa⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kwa⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kua⁵⁵/
/kue⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kua⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kua⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kue³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /kue²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (99)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter kwae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kˠua/
Pan
Wuyun
/kʷᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen
/kua/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kwaɨ/
Li
Rong
/kua/
Wang
Li
/kwa/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kwa/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
guā
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gwaa1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
guā
Middle
Chinese
‹ kwæ ›
Old
Chinese
/*kʷˁra/
English melon, gourd

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4340
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kʷraː/

Definitions

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  1. melon; gourd; squash
    西  ―  guā  ―  watermelon
      ―  nánguā  ―  pumpkin
      ―  dōngguā  ―  winter melon
  2. (Mainland China, slang, neologism) storyful news
    今年最大  ―  jīnnián zuìdà de guā  ―  the most storyful news this year
    See also: 吃瓜
  3. (Singapore, colloquial) fellow; dude
  4. a surname

Compounds

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Descendants

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  • Bouyei: gval
  • Zhuang: gve
  • Thai: กวา (gwaa)

Etymology 2

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to Mandarin 'to die'?”)

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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  1. (Wuhan Mandarin, Cantonese, Xiang, humorous) to die
Synonyms
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  • (to die):
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Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. gourd, squash, melon

Readings

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  • Go-on: (ke) (ke, historical)くゑ (kwe, ancient)
  • Kan-on: (ka)くわ (kwa, historical)
  • Kun: うり (uri, )

Compounds

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Etymology

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Kanji in this term
うり
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *ori. Found in the Man'yōshū, compiled some time after 759 CE.

Possibly derived as the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, continuative or stem form) of classical verb 熟る (uru), modern form 熟れる (ureru, to ripen).

Possibly cognate with Korean 오이 (oi, cucumber); compare other terms in the Japonic family, such as Kikai (ui) and Yoron (ui).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(うり) or (ウリ) (uri

  1. gourd, squash, melon

Usage notes

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As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ウリ.

Derived terms

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Idioms

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References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Kikai

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Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Etymology

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Cognate with Japanese (うり) (uri, gourd, squash, melon).

Noun

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(うい) (ui

  1. gourd

Compounds

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  • 胡瓜 (きうい, kiui, cucumber)

Korean

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Hanja

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(eumhun 오이 (oi gwa))

  1. cucumber

Miyako

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Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Etymology

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Cognate with Japanese (うり) (uri, gourd, squash, melon), possibly cognate with Korean 오이 (oi).

Noun

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(うーㇲ゙) (ūdz

  1. melon
  2. gourd

Okinawan

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Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Readings

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
うい
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Cognate with Japanese (うり) (uri, gourd, squash, melon), possibly cognate with Korean 오이 (oi).

Noun

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(うい) (ui

  1. melon
  2. gourd

Tày

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Noun

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(qua)

  1. Nôm form of qua (melon).

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Việt readings: qua[1][2][3]
: Nôm readings: qua[3][4][5], dưa[1][6], co[1]

  1. chữ Hán form of qua (melon).
  2. Nôm form of dưa (melon).

Compounds

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References

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Yoron

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Kanji

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(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Etymology

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Cognate with Japanese (うり) (uri, gourd, squash, melon).

Noun

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(うい) (ui

  1. cucumber, gourd