與
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See also: 与
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Translingual
[edit]Japanese | 与 |
---|---|
Simplified | 与 |
Traditional | 與 |
Han character
[edit]與 (Kangxi radical 134, 臼+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹難卜金 (HXYC), four-corner 77801, composition ⿶⿳𦥑一八⿹⿺㇉一丨(GHJKV) or ⿶⿳𦥑一八⿹⿺㇉一丿(T))
Derived characters
[edit]- 㒜, 𡁎, 𪤧, 嬩, 嶼(屿), 𢷣, 㵰, 㺞, 懙, 𨘕, 𣄣, 旟(𭤰), 𤑉, 䑂, 璵(玙), 𠁹, 𬎰, 𥎗, 礖, 穥, 𧞏, 𧾚, 𨣦, 𨮔(𮡤), 鱮(𫚈), 歟(欤), 𮨠, 𪇬
- 㠘, 藇, 籅, 𪋮, 𡒊, 𡽬, 舉(举), 㦛(𢗓), 𢣟, 擧(挙), 𣝑, 𪴿, 𬍋, 𦦙, 𤪐, 礜(𪿝), 𦏜, 𦦮, 譽(誉), 𧸧, 轝(𬛼), 𦦳, 𨮖, 𩁕, 𦦸, 𩦡, 𩼹, 鸒
Related characters
[edit]- 与 (Japanese shinjitai and simplified Chinese)
Descendants
[edit]- ヨ (Katakana character derived from Man'yōgana)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1004, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30212
- Dae Jaweon: page 1460, character 27
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 251, character 4
- Unihan data for U+8207
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 與 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 与 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 與 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *la, *laʔ, *las) : phonetic 舁 (OC *la, “raised hands”) + phonetic 牙 (OC *ŋraː). Both components are phonetic.
Etymology
[edit]- "to be with; to associate with"
- Unlikely to be the same word as 舁 (OC *la, “to lift”) (Schuessler, 2007).
- "to give"
- The same word as 予 (OC *laʔ). The word family 舍 (OC *hljaːʔ) is probably derived from this word (Schuessler, 2007). Compare Tibetan གླ (gla, “pay; wage; fare”), Mara Chin [Term?] (hla, “to present; to offer (sacrifice); to give”), Jingpho [script needed] (ja³³, “to give”).
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu5
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yî / yí
- Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̄
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6yu
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yǔ
- Wade–Giles: yü3
- Yale: yǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yeu
- Palladius: юй (juj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jyu5
- Yale: yúh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jy5
- Guangdong Romanization: yu5
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyː¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî / yí
- Hakka Romanization System: iˊ / iˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi1 / yi3
- Sinological IPA: /i²⁴/, /i³¹/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî / yí
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)iˊ / (r)iˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi1 / yi3
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i²⁴/, /(j)i³¹/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̄
- Sinological IPA (key): /y³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ú
- Tâi-lô: ú
- Phofsit Daibuun: uo
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /u⁴¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /u⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ír
- Tâi-lô: ír
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ɯ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í
- Tâi-lô: í
- Phofsit Daibuun: ie
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /i⁴¹/
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Taipei): /i⁵³/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: e2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ṳ́
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɯ⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: yoX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*m-q(r)aʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*laʔ/
Definitions
[edit]與
- to give; to offer
- † to agree; to allow; to permit
- † to help; to support
- † to get close to
- † to follow
- † to befriend; to get along with; to associate with
- † to fight
- † to deal with; to cope
- † to compare
- † to wait
- 歲不我與/岁不我与 ― suìbùwǒyǔ ― time and tide wait for no man
- † to choose; to elect
- † clique
- † allied country
- with
- for
- † (passive) by
- used to introduce the recipient of an action
- and (used to connect two nouns)
- (logic) AND; conjunction
- † rather than
- Same as 舉/举 (jǔ)
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]See also
[edit]- 而 (ér, “and”),used to connect two clauses or adjectives
Compounds
[edit]- 不中相與/不中相与
- 不與/不与
- 不與不取/不与不取
- 事與願違/事与愿违 (shìyǔyuànwéi)
- 交與/交与
- 付與/付与 (fùyǔ)
- 休戚與共/休戚与共 (xiūqīyǔgòng)
- 儲與/储与
- 分金多與/分金多与
- 卵與石鬥/卵与石斗
- 善與人交/善与人交
- 患難與共/患难与共 (huànnànyǔgòng)
- 捐忿與瑕/捐忿与瑕
- 授與/授与 (shòuyǔ)
- 揣與/揣与 (chuāiyǔ)
- 施與/施与 (shīyǔ)
- 易與/易与
- 時不我與/时不我与 (shíbùwǒyǔ)
- 欲取固與/欲取固与
- 歲不我與/岁不我与 (suìbùwǒyǔ)
- 殺生與奪/杀生与夺
- 民胞物與/民胞物与 (mínbāowùyǔ)
- 漫與/漫与
- 無與倫比/无与伦比 (wúyǔlúnbǐ)
- 無與為比/无与为比
- 生死與共/生死与共
- 生死與奪/生死与夺
- 生殺與奪/生杀与夺 (shēngshāyǔduó)
- 目窕心與/目窕心与
- 相與/相与 (xiāngyǔ)
- 相與為命/相与为命
- 禍福與共/祸福与共
- 福與天齊/福与天齐
- 禍與福鄰/祸与福邻
- 紅與黑/红与黑
- 給與/给与 (jǐyǔ)
- 罪與罰/罪与罚
- 羞與噲伍/羞与哙伍
- 羞與為伍/羞与为伍 (xiūyǔwéiwǔ)
- 習與性成/习与性成
- 老人與海/老人与海
- 胞與/胞与 (bāoyǔ)
- 胞與為懷/胞与为怀
- 與世俯仰/与世俯仰
- 與世偃仰/与世偃仰
- 與世沉浮/与世沉浮
- 與世浮沉/与世浮沉
- 與世無爭/与世无争 (yǔshìwúzhēng)
- 與世長辭/与世长辞 (yǔshìchángcí)
- 與世靡爭/与世靡争
- 與人為善/与人为善 (yǔrénwéishàn)
- 與共/与共 (yǔgòng)
- 與其/与其 (yǔqí)
- 與否/与否 (yǔfǒu)
- 與噲為伍/与哙为伍
- 與國/与国 (yǔguó)
- 與國同休/与国同休
- 與子同袍/与子同袍
- 與日俱增/与日俱增 (yǔrìjùzēng)
- 與日俱新/与日俱新
- 與時俱進/与时俱进 (yǔshíjùjìn)
- 與時消息/与时消息
- 與時浮沉/与时浮沉
- 與有榮焉/与有荣焉 (yǔyǒuróngyān)
- 與格/与格 (yǔgé)
- 與民休息/与民休息
- 與民偕樂/与民偕乐
- 與民同憂/与民同忧
- 與民同樂/与民同乐
- 與民更始/与民更始
- 與民爭利/与民争利
- 與決/与决
- 與狐謀皮/与狐谋皮 (yǔhúmóupí)
- 與生俱來/与生俱来 (yǔshēngjùlái)
- 與眾不同/与众不同 (yǔzhòngbùtóng)
- 與虎添翼/与虎添翼
- 與虎謀皮/与虎谋皮 (yǔhǔmóupí)
- 與黨/与党
- 色授魂與/色授魂与
- 莫之與京/莫之与京 (mòzhīyǔjīng)
- 菊花與劍/菊花与剑
- 虛與委蛇/虚与委蛇 (xūyǔwēiyí)
- 褒貶與奪/褒贬与夺
- 豐取刻與/丰取刻与
- 贈與/赠与 (zèngyǔ)
- 過與/过与
- 選賢與能/选贤与能
- 閼與/阏与
- 難與抗衡/难与抗衡
Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu6
- Eastern Min (BUC): ṳ̀
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yù
- Wade–Giles: yü4
- Yale: yù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
- Palladius: юй (juj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jyu6
- Yale: yuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jy6
- Guangdong Romanization: yu6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̀
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ú
- Tâi-lô: ú
- Phofsit Daibuun: uo
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /u⁴¹/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /u⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ír
- Tâi-lô: ír
- IPA (Quanzhou): /ɯ⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: í
- Tâi-lô: í
- Phofsit Daibuun: ie
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /i⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ū
- Tâi-lô: ū
- Phofsit Daibuun: u
- IPA (Xiamen): /u²²/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /u³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ī
- Tâi-lô: ī
- Phofsit Daibuun: i
- IPA (Xiamen): /i²²/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: e6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ṳ̆
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɯ³⁵/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Middle Chinese: yoH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢ(r)aʔ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*las/
Definitions
[edit]與
- to participate
- † to interfere
Compounds
[edit]Pronunciation 3
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yú
- Wade–Giles: yü2
- Yale: yú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
- Palladius: юй (juj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jyu4
- Yale: yùh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jy4
- Guangdong Romanization: yu4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jyː²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: yo
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*la/
Definitions
[edit]與
- (Classical, alt. form 歟/欤) Sentence-final particle used to express an exclamatory, doubtful or questioning tone
- 子禽問於子貢曰:「夫子至於是邦也,必聞其政,求之與?抑與之與?」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE
- Zǐqín wèn yú Zǐgòng yuē: “Fūzǐ zhìyú shì bāng yě, bì wén qí zhèng, qiú zhī yú? Yì yǔ zhī yú?” [Pinyin]
- Zi Qin asked Zi Gong, saying, "When our master comes to any country, he does not fail to learn all about its government. Does he ask his information? or is it given to him?"
子禽问于子贡曰:「夫子至于是邦也,必闻其政,求之与?抑与之与?」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Japanese
[edit]与 | |
與 |
Kanji
[edit]與
(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 与)
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: よ (yo)
- Kan-on: よ (yo)
- Kun: あたえる (ataeru, 與える)←あたへる (ataferu, 與へる, historical); あずかる (azukaru, 與る)←あづかる (adukaru, 與る, historical); くみする (kumisuru, 與する)
Korean
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Chinese 與 (MC yoX, “give; for; and”).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 영〯 (Yale: yě) |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jɘ(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [여(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
[edit]與 (eumhun 더불 여 (deobul yeo))
與 (eumhun 줄 여 (jul yeo))
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle Chinese 與 (MC yoH, “to participate”).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 영〮 (Yale: yé) |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [jɘ(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [여(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
[edit]與 (eumhun 참여할 여 (chamyeohal yeo))
- hanja form? of 여 (“to participate”) [affix]
Compounds
[edit]Noun
[edit]Hanja in this term |
---|
與 |
- (in news headlines) Short for 與黨 (yeodang, “(politics) the ruling party”).
- Antonym: 野 (ya, “(politics) the opposition party”)
Usage notes
[edit]A common convention in news headlines, this is almost always written solely in the Hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any Hanja.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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