翁
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]翁 (Kangxi radical 124, 羽+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 金戈尸一 (CISM), four-corner 80127, composition ⿱公羽)
Derived characters
[edit]- 傟, 嗡, 塕, 𡟸, 𡻐, 慃, 㨣, 滃, 㺋, 𫕎, 暡, 㮬, 𤌏, 䐥, 瞈, 𥕀, 𬓵, 𧛹, 𢐢, 聬, 螉, 𧷜, 𨉳, 𨎃, 鎓(𬭩), 𦒙, 䩺, 𩡓, 𩥛, 䱵(𮬢)
- 𠃽, 勜, 𨜺, 𪴱, 𦫫, 𩔚, 𦒥, 鶲(鹟), 𡩥, 嵡, 蓊, 䈵, 𩄘, 𩮬, 𤹗
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 955, character 21
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28635
- Dae Jaweon: page 1401, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3343, character 10
- Unihan data for U+7FC1
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 翁 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 翁 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 慃 | *qroːŋʔ |
| 袞 | *kluːnʔ |
| 蔉 | *kluːnʔ |
| 滾 | *kluːnʔ |
| 忩 | *sʰloːŋ |
| 鬆 | *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰluːŋ, *skʰloŋ, *sqʰloŋ |
| 凇 | *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ |
| 公 | *kloːŋ |
| 蚣 | *kloːŋ, *kljoŋ |
| 翁 | *qloːŋ |
| 螉 | *qloːŋ |
| 蓊 | *qloːŋ, *qloːŋʔ |
| 嗡 | *qloːŋ |
| 滃 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 暡 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 勜 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 塕 | *qloːŋʔ |
| 瓮 | *qloːŋs |
| 崧 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 菘 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 硹 | *sqʰluŋ |
| 淞 | *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ |
| 蜙 | *sqʰloŋ |
| 倯 | *sqʰloŋ |
| 松 | *sɢloŋ |
| 訟 | *sɢloŋ, *sɢloŋs |
| 頌 | *sɢloŋs, *loŋ |
| 忪 | *kljoŋ |
| 彸 | *kljoŋ |
| 衳 | *kljoŋ |
| 伀 | *kljoŋ |
| 妐 | *kljoŋ |
| 炂 | *kljoŋ |
| 鈆 | *kljoŋ, *lon |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qloːŋ) : phonetic 公 (OC *kloːŋ) + semantic 羽 (“wings”). Originally representing the meaning “feathers”, it was later loaned to mean “old man” and similar senses, by association with the semantic 公.
Etymology 1
[edit]Possibly Sino-Tibetan. Compare Mizo ung (“to be old, elderly, aged; to be venerable, antique, ancient; to be of long standing, to be an old inhabitant, to be an old stager (v.; adj.)”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Baxter & Sagart (2017) included 翁 (OC *qˤoŋ) "old man" in the same word-family as 公 (OC *C.qˤoŋ) "father, prince" and 妐 (OC *t-qoŋ) "husband's father".
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ong1
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): ung1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): veng1
- Northern Min (KCR): é̤ng / ó̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): ŭng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ang1 / orng1
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1on
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ngong1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wong
- Wade–Giles: wêng1
- Yale: wēng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ueng
- Palladius: вэн (vɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wəŋ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: ong1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: weng
- Sinological IPA (key): /oŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jung1
- Yale: yūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: jung1
- Guangdong Romanization: yung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: yuung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɵŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: ung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /uŋ⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vûng
- Hakka Romanization System: vungˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: vung1
- Sinological IPA: /vuŋ²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: vungˋ
- Sinological IPA: /vuŋ⁵³/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: veng1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /və̃ŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: é̤ng / ó̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /œyŋ⁵⁴/, /ɔŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ŭng
- Sinological IPA (key): /uŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: ang1
- Sinological IPA (key): /aŋ⁵³³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: orng1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɒŋ⁵³³/
- (Putian, Xianyou)
Note:
- ang1 - vernacular;
- orng1 - literary (incl. surname).
- Southern Min
Note:
- ang - vernacular (incl. surname in Taiwan);
- ong - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ang1 / ong1 / êng1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ang / ong / eng
- Sinological IPA (key): /aŋ³³/, /oŋ³³/, /eŋ³³/
Note:
- ang1 - vernacular;
- ong1 - literary;
- êng1 - vernacular (surname).
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: 'uwng
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*qˤoŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qloːŋ/
Definitions
[edit]翁
- elderly man
- 孤舟蓑笠翁，獨釣寒江雪。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
- From: late 8th, early 9th century,《江雪》("River Snow"), by 柳宗元 (Liu Zongyuan).
- Gūzhōu suōlì wēng, dú diào hán jiāng xuě. [Pinyin]
- In a lonely boat, an old man, wearing a straw-cape and bamboo-hat, fished alone amid the cold river snow.
孤舟蓑笠翁，独钓寒江雪。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]
- (literary, or in compounds) father
- 漢王曰：「吾與項羽俱北面受命懷王，曰『約為兄弟。』吾翁即若翁，必欲烹而翁，則幸分我一桮羹。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Hànwáng yuē: “Wú yǔ Xiàng Yǔ jù běimiàn shòumìng Huáiwáng, yuē ‘yuē wéi xiōngdì.’ Wú wēng jí ruò wēng, bì yù pēng ér wēng, zé xìng fēn wǒ yī bēi gēng.” [Pinyin]
- The King of Han said: "I and Xiang Yu faced the North, received orders from King Huai, and said: 'We swear a pact of brotherhood'; my father is your father. If you want to boil your father alive, it'll surely be good that you deal out to me a bowl of soup."
汉王曰：「吾与项羽俱北面受命怀王，曰『约为兄弟。』吾翁即若翁，必欲烹而翁，则幸分我一桮羹。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 王師北定中原日，家祭毋忘告乃翁。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1210, 陸游 (Lu You), 示兒
- Wángshī běi dìng zhōngyuán rì, jiājì wú wàng gào nǎi wēng. [Pinyin]
- On the day the Song army reconquers the Central Plain in the North, do not forget to inform your father when making offerings to your ancestors.
王师北定中原日，家祭毋忘告乃翁。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (literary, or in compounds) father of one's husband or wife
- 翁婿 ― wēngxù ― father-in-law and son-in-law
- (Southern Min) husband
- 翁仔某 [Hokkien] ― ang-á-bó͘ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― husband and wife
- (obsolete) the feathers of a bird's neck
- 翁：頸毛也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Shuowen Jiezi, circa 2nd century CE
- Wēng: jǐng máo yě. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
翁：颈毛也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- a surname
- 翁同龢 ― Wēng Tónghé ― Weng Tonghe (Qing dynasty government official)
- 翁清海 ― Wēng Qīnghǎi ― Vincent Ng (Singaporean martial artist and former actor)
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 不倒翁 (bùdǎowēng)
- 主人翁 (zhǔrénwēng)
- 主翁
- 乃翁
- 信天翁 (xìntiānwēng)
- 冰翁
- 南極仙翁／南极仙翁
- 塞翁失馬／塞翁失马 (sàiwēngshīmǎ)
- 大富翁 (Dàfùwēng)
- 太翁
- 富家翁
- 富翁 (fùwēng)
- 封翁
- 尊翁 (zūnwēng)
- 撾婦翁／挝妇翁
- 放翁
- 東翁／东翁
- 樂翁／乐翁
- 渤翁
- 漁翁／渔翁 (yúwēng)
- 漁翁之利／渔翁之利 (yúwēngzhīlì)
- 漁翁得利／渔翁得利
- 田舍翁
- 白頭翁／白头翁 (báitóuwēng)
- 百萬富翁／百万富翁 (bǎiwàn fùwēng)
- 翁主
- 翁仲
- 翁姑 (wēnggū)
- 翁婿 (ang-sài) (Min Nan)
- 翁某 (ang-bó͘) (Min Nan)
- 翁蛤
- 翁長／翁长
- 老翁 (lǎowēng)
- 葛仙翁
- 親家翁／亲家翁 (qìngjiāwēng)
- 親翁／亲翁
- 詩翁／诗翁
- 醉翁
- 醉翁之意
- 醉翁亭
- 阿家翁
- 阿翁
- 頭翁／头翁
- 麻衣仙翁
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jung1
- Yale: yūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: jung1
- Guangdong Romanization: yung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]翁
Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄨㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: wǒng
- Wade–Giles: wêng3
- Yale: wěng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woeng
- Palladius: вэн (vɛn)
- Sinological IPA (key): /wəŋ²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]翁
Further reading
[edit]- “Entry #6508”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
[edit]| Shinjitai | 翁 | |
| Kyūjitai [1] |
翁󠄂 翁+ 󠄂?(Adobe-Japan1) |
|
| 翁󠄄 翁+ 󠄄?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
Kanji
[edit]翁
- King
- old man
- venerable gentleman
Readings
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 翁 |
| おう Grade: S |
| kan'on |
From Middle Chinese 翁 (MC 'uwng).
The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation
[edit]Affix
[edit]Noun
[edit]Suffix
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 翁 |
| おきな Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 翁 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 翁, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
References
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]翁 (eum 옹 (ong))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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