印

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See also: EP and 抑
印 U+5370, 印
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5370
← 卯
[U+536F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 危 →
[U+5371]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
6 strokes

Han character[edit]

印 (Kangxi radical 26, 卩+4 in traditional Chinese, 卩+3 in mainland China, 6 strokes in traditional Chinese, 5 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 竹心尸中 (HPSL), four-corner 77720, composition ⿰𠀉卩(JK) or ⿻卬一(GHT))

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 159, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2848
  • Dae Jaweon: page 363, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 312, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5370

Chinese[edit]

trad. 印
simp. # 印

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 印
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
印-oracle.svg 印-bronze.svg 印-silk.svg 印-seal.svg 印-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (印) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
印 *qiŋs
鮣 *qiŋs

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 爪 (“hand”) + 卩 (“kneeling person”) – a hand suppressing a kneeling person.

According to 羅振玉 in his book 《增訂殷墟書契考釋》(1915), the character is an ideogram of a hand suppressing a kneeling person. The character 抑 (to suppress) was used to preserve the original meaning.

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • yìnr - “mark; print; trace”.
  • Cantonese
    • Note: ngan3 - rare.
    Note:
    • yin - literary;
    • yang - vernacular.
  • Jin
  • Min Bei
  • Min Dong
  • Min Nan
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 印
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 影 (34)
    Final (韻) 眞 (43)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 於刃切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ʔiɪnH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ʔinH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ʔjenH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ʔinH/
    Li
    Rong         		/ʔiĕnH/
    Wang
    Li         		/ĭĕnH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ʔi̯ĕnH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		yìn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		jan3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 印
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		yìn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ "jinH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[ʔ]iŋ-s/
    English seal

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 印
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 15322
    Phonetic
    component         		印
    Rime
    group         		眞
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		印
    Old
    Chinese         		/*qiŋs/

    Definitions[edit]

    印

    1. stamp; seal
      蓋印／盖印  ―  gàiyìn  ―  to stamp
    2. trace; mark; sign
      腳印／脚印  ―  jiǎoyìn  ―  footprint
      烙印  ―  làoyìn  ―  brand
    3. to tally
      心心相印  ―  xīnxīnxiàngyìn  ―  to be of the same mind
    4. (literally or figuratively) to engrave
    5. to print
      這本書印了五萬冊。 [MSC, trad.]
      这本书印了五万册。 [MSC, simp.]
      Zhè běn shū yìn le wǔ wàn cè. [Pinyin]
      50,000 copies of this book were printed.
    6. a surname
    See also[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 印

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (印):
    • → Japanese: 印(いん) (in)
    • → Korean: 인 (印, in)
    • → Vietnamese: ấn (印)

    Others:

    • → Vietnamese: in (印, “to print”)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Transliteration character.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    印

    1. Short for 印度 (Yìndù, “India”).
    2. Short for 印度尼西亞／印度尼西亚 (Yìndùníxīyà, “Indonesia”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 3[edit]

    For pronunciation and definitions of 印 – see 抑 (“to press down; to keep down; to repress; to suppress; to restrain; to restrict; etc.”).
    (This character, 印, is a variant form of 抑.)

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    印

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    印
    いん
    Grade: 4
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 印 (MC ʔiɪnH).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Affix[edit]

    印(いん) • (in) 

    1. stamp, seal
    2. trace, mark, sign
    3. printing
    4. Short for 印度 (Indo, “India”).
    Derived terms[edit]
    Derived terms

    Noun[edit]

    印(いん) • (in) 

    1. stamp, seal
    2. (Buddhism) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    印
    しるし
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 印 – see the following entry.
    【しるし】
    [noun] mark, sign, indication, symbol
    Alternative spellings
    印, 標, 徴, 験
    (This term, 印, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    印
    かね
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 印 – see かね.
    (This term, 印, is an alternative spelling of the above terms.)

    (The following entry is uncreated: かね.)

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 印 (MC ʔiɪnH).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᅙᅵᆫ〮 (Yale: qín)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 인〮 (Yale: ín) 인〮 (Yale: ín)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    印 (eumhun 도장(圖章) 인 (dojang in))

    1. Hanja form? of 인 (“seal, stamp”). [noun]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Proper noun[edit]

    Hanja in this term
    印

    印 • (In) (hangeul 인)

    1. (in news headlines) Short for 印(인)度(도) (Indo, “India”).

    Usage notes[edit]

    In news headlines, this is usually written solely in the hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any hanja.

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    印: Hán Nôm readings: ấn, in, ắng

    1. chữ Hán form of Ấn (“Clipping of Ấn Độ. (India or Indian)”).
    2. chữ Hán form of ấn (“to press”).
    3. chữ Hán form of in (“to print”).
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