Translingual [ edit ]
Stroke order
Han character [ edit ]
亂 (Kangxi radical 5, 乙 +12, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月月山 (BBU ), four-corner 22210 , composition ⿰𤔔 乚 )
Derived characters [ edit ]
Descendants [ edit ]
References [ edit ]
Kangxi Dictionary: page 84 , character 33
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 214
Dae Jaweon: page 173, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 57, character 10
Unihan data for U+4E82
Chinese [ edit ]
Glyph origin [ edit ]
Historical forms of the character 亂
References :
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation ), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:
Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Old Chinese
覼
*roːl
亂
*roːns
薍
*ŋroːns
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声 , OC *roːns ) : phonetic 𤔔 ( *[r]ˁo[n]-s ) + semantic 乚 . The left-side component 𤔔 is itself ideogrammatic, depicting the effort to comb a tangle of threads, hence the semantic link to order and disorder.
Etymology [ edit ]
Area word of Austroasiatic origin. Compare Khmer ប្រួល ( pruəl , “ changing; unstable ” ) < Khmer រួល ( ruəl , “ to cook; to grill ” ) , and also Khmer កំរោល ( kɑmraol , “ to go berserk; to become excited ” ) < Khmer រោល ( rool , “ to burn; to roast ” ) (Schuessler, 2007 ). Burmese ရုန်း ( run: , “ to struggle, to warp, to cause chaos ” ) and Tibetan ཁྲལ་ཁྲུལ ( khral khrul , “ fragments; scattered ” ) are Austroasiatic loans. Compare also Vietnamese lộn ( “ to turn the inside out , upside down , to reverse , to return , etc. ” ) and trộn ( “ to mix; to blend; to turn upside down ” ) .
Pronunciation 1 [ edit ]
Note :
luêng6 - Chaozhou;
luang6 - Shantou.
Baxter –Sagart system 1.1 (2014 )
Character
亂
Reading #
1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
luàn
Middle Chinese
‹ lwanH ›
Old Chinese
/*[r]ˁo[n]-s/
English
disorder, rebellion
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
亂
Reading #
1/1
No.
8645
Phonetic component
亂
Rime group
元
Rime subdivision
3
Corresponding MC rime
亂
Old Chinese
/*roːns/
Definitions [ edit ]
亂
disorderly ; chaotic
添亂 / 添乱 ― tiānluàn ― to add trouble
你 的 頭髮 很 亂 。/ 你 的 头发 很 乱 。 ― Nǐ de tóufà hěn luàn . ― Your hair is very messy.
亂 到 狗竇 噉 / 乱 到 狗窦 噉 [Cantonese ] ― lyun6 dou3 gau2 dau3 gam2 [Jyutping] ― as messy as a dog's nest
unstable ; volatile ; turbulent
天下大亂 / 天下大乱 ― tiānxiàdàluàn ― the world is in utter chaos
unrest ; uprising ; revolt ; rebellion
內亂 / 内乱 ― nèiluàn ― domestic turmoil
安史之亂 / 安史之乱 ― ānshǐzhīluàn ― An Lushan Rebellion
confused ; befuddled
distraught ; upset
慌亂 / 慌乱 ― huāngluàn ― flurried; flustered
我 現在 心裡 很 亂 。 [MSC , trad. ] 我 现在 心里 很 乱 。 [MSC , simp. ] Wǒ xiànzài xīnlǐ hěn luàn . [Pinyin] My mind is in turmoil right now.
promiscuous
淫亂 / 淫乱 ― yínluàn ― to be promiscuous; to be licentious
wildly ; in an uncontrolled way; without order or reason; at random ; haphazardly ; having no direction or coherence ; recklessly ; arbitrarily
亂 說/ 乱 说 ― luàn shuō ― to say whatever is on one's mind
亂 舞/ 乱 舞 ― luàn wǔ ― to dance in an unorganized, uncoordinated way
to obscure ; to blur ; to mix up
以假亂 真 / 以假乱 真 ― yǐjiǎluàn zhēn ― to pass off fake items as genuine or mix the fake with the genuine
to destroy ; to ruin ; to throw into disorder ; to upset
自 亂 陣腳 / 自 乱 阵脚 ― zì luàn zhènjiǎo ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
( obsolete , literary , music or poetry ) coda ; finale ; conclusion of a piece
( Classical ) to administer ; to govern ; to manage
( rare and obsolete ) to cross a body of water
西 傾 因 桓 是 來 ,浮 于 潛 ,逾 于 沔 ,入 于 渭 ,亂 于 河 。 [Classical Chinese , trad. ] 西 倾 因 桓 是 来 ,浮 于 潜 ,逾 于 沔 ,入 于 渭 ,乱 于 河 。 [Classical Chinese , simp. ] From: The Book of Documents , circa 4th – 3rd century BCE , translated based on James Legge 's versionXīqīng yīn Huán shì lái, fú yú Qián, yú yú Miǎn, rù yú Wèi, luàn yú hé. [Pinyin] From Xi-qing they came by the course of the Huan; floated along the Qian, and then crossed the country to the Mian; passed to the Wei, and finally ferried across the He.
Synonyms [ edit ]
不安 ( bù'ān ) 亂動 / 乱动 ( luàndòng ) ( literary ) 動蕩 / 动荡 ( dòngdàng ) 荒亂 / 荒乱 ( huāngluàn )
( distraught ) : 煩亂 / 烦乱 (fánluàn )
( wildly ) :
任意 ( rènyì ) 恣意 ( zìyì ) 狂 ( kuáng ) ( literary, or in compounds ) 肆意 ( sìyì ) 胡亂 / 胡乱 ( húluàn )
僝僽 ( chánzhòu ) ( literary ) 圮毀 / 圮毁 ( pǐhuǐ ) ( literary ) 壞 / 坏 ( huài ) 打掉 ( dǎdiào ) 損壞 / 损坏 ( sǔnhuài ) 損毀 / 损毁 ( sǔnhuǐ ) 搗砸 / 捣砸 ( dau2 zah5 ) ( Jin ) 摧殘 / 摧残 ( cuīcán ) 摧毀 / 摧毁 ( cuīhuǐ ) 毀 / 毁 ( huǐ ) 毀壞 / 毁坏 ( huǐhuài ) 毀損 / 毁损 ( huǐsǔn ) 決裂 / 决裂 ( juéliè ) ( archaic ) 破 ( pò ) ( literary, or in compounds ) 破壞 / 破坏 ( pòhuài ) 糟 ( zāo ) ( literary, or in compounds ) 糟蹋 ( zāotà ) 隳 ( huī ) ( literary, or in compounds )
( to administer ) : 管理 (guǎnlǐ ), ( literary, or in compounds ) 理 (lǐ ), 統治 / 统治 (tǒngzhì ), 治理 (zhìlǐ )
( wildly ) : ( Teochew ) 四散 (si3 suan2 ), ( Taiwanese Hokkien ) 烏白 / 乌白 (o͘-pe̍h )
Compounds [ edit ]
Pronunciation 2 [ edit ]
Note :
ruang6 - Shantou;
ruêng6 - Chaozhou.
Definitions [ edit ]
亂
( Teochew ) casually ; as one pleases
Synonyms [ edit ]
Dialectal synonyms of
隨便 (“casually; as one pleases; at random”)
[map]
Variety
Location
Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese )
隨便
Mandarin
Taiwan
隨便
Yangzhou
隨便
Nanjing
隨便
Malaysia
隨便
Singapore
隨便
Cantonese
Guangzhou
隨便 , 是但 , 求其
Hong Kong
隨便 , 是但 , 求其
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
隨便
Macau
是但
Guangzhou (Panyu)
是但 , 隨便
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
是但
Guangzhou (Conghua)
隨便
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
是但
Foshan
是但 , 隨便
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
是但
Foshan (Shunde)
是但
Foshan (Sanshui)
隨便
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
求其
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
是但
Zhuhai (Qianshan)
是但
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)
求其
Zhuhai (Doumen)
是但 , 隨便
Jiangmen (Baisha)
是但
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
求其 , 是但
Taishan
是但 , 求其
Kaiping (Chikan)
是但 , 求其
Enping (Niujiang)
求其 , 是但
Heshan (Yayao)
是但 , 隨便
Dongguan
隨便 , 是但 , 求其
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
是但
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
隨便
Singapore (Guangfu)
隨便
Gan
Nanchang
隨便
Hakka
Meixian
隨便
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
隨便
Dongguan (Qingxi)
隨便
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
隨便
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
隨便
Conghua (Lütian)
隨便
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
儘採
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
儘採
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
儘採
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
儘採
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
儘採
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
儘採
Huizhou
Jixi
隨便
Eastern Min
Fuzhou
隨便
Southern Min
Xiamen
凊彩
Quanzhou
凊彩
Anxi
凊彩
Zhangzhou
凊彩
Zhao'an
凊彩
Dongshan
凊彩
Tainan
凊彩
Penang (Hokkien)
凊彩
Singapore (Hokkien)
凊彩
Manila (Hokkien)
凊彩
Chaozhou
亂
Shantou
亂 , 凊彩
Jieyang
亂 , 凊彩
Lufeng
凊彩
Haifeng
凊彩
Singapore (Teochew)
亂 , 凊彩
Singapore (Hainanese)
凊彩
Zhongshan Min
Shaxi (Longdu)
是但 , 求其
Southern Pinghua
Nanning (Tingzi)
是但
Wu
Shanghai
隨便
Danyang
隨便
Jinhua
隨便
Xiang
Loudi
隨便
Japanese [ edit ]
亂
(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji , kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 乱 )
turbulent
Readings [ edit ]
亂 (eumhun 어지러울 란 ( eojireoul ran ) , South Korea 어지러울 난 ( eojireoul nan ) )
Hanja form? of 란 /난 ( “ confusion , state of chaos ” ) .
Hanja form? of 란 /난 ( “ create chaos , revolt ” ) .
Vietnamese [ edit ]
Han character [ edit ]
亂 : Hán Nôm readings: loạn , trộn , lộn
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}
.
References [ edit ]