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====Readings====
====Readings====
{{ja-readings
{{ja-readings
|goon=すい<すゐ
|goon=すい<すい<すゐ
|kanon=すい<すゐ
|kanon=すい<すい<すゐ
|kun=みず-<みづ-
|kun=みず-<みづ-
|nanori=うず, ずみ, たいら<たひら, つ, ど, な, なか, み, みさ, みつ, みな, みん, ゆ, ゆく
|nanori=うず, ずみ, たいら<たひら, つ, ど, な, なか, み, みさ, みつ, みな, みん, ゆ, ゆく

Revision as of 07:35, 16 August 2020

See also: 𣱱, 氺, 氷, 永, and 氵

水 U+6C34, &#27700;
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6C34
← 氳
[U+6C33] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 氵 →
[U+6C35]
Commons:Category
Commons:Category
Wikimedia Commons has more media related to:

Translingual

Stroke order
4 strokes
Stroke order

Alternative forms

  • ⽔ (U+2F54, Kangxi radical)
  • 氵 (when used as a left radical)
  • 氺 (when used in characters such as 泰)

Han character

See images of
Radical 85 水

水 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 水 (E), four-corner 12230, composition ⿲㇇亅⿺乀丿(GJKV) or ⿲㇇亅⿱丿乀(HT))

  2. Kangxi radical #85, ⽔.

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 603, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17083
  • Dae Jaweon: page 992, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1545, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6C34

Further reading

Central Bai

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Noun

水 (ɕy³³)

  1. hanzi form of ɕy³³ (water)

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 水
alternative forms 𡿭
𣸕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 水
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming) Kangxi Dictionary (compiled in Qing)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts Ming typeface
Characters in the same phonetic series (水) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
沝 *qʷljilʔ
水 *qʰʷljilʔ

Pictogram (象形) – compare 川 (chuān).

Wikipedia has articles on:

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lwi(j) (“flow; stream”) (Benedict, 1974; Coblin, 1986; Handel, 1998; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with Mizo lui (“stream; brook; river”), Tedim Chin [script needed] (luːi³, “stream; river”), Jingpho lawi (“to flow (as water)”).

Old Chinese 水 (OC lhuiʔ) (minimally reconstructed) is Sino-Tibetan root's endoactive derivation with suffix *-ʔ, meaning "that which is flowing"; its voiceless initial suggests the presence of a nominalizing prefix *k- or *s-. Another derivative from the Sino-Tibetan root is possibly 泫 (OC winʔ, “to flow”) (minimally reconstructed).

Compare also areal etymon Proto-Mon-Khmer *lujʔ ~ luuj() ~ luəj() ~ ləəj() (“to wade; to swim”).

Alternatively, Gong (1995) reconstructs Old Chinese *hljədx and compares it to Tibetan ཆུ (chu, “water”), which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsju (“water; liquid; bodily fluid”). Baxter and Sagart (2014), employing evidence from Proto-Min, reconstructs Old Chinese *s.turʔ and compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *twəj (“to flow; to suppurate”), which is likely related to *m-t(w)əj ~ m-ti-s (“water; fluid; to soak; to be wet”) (STEDT). Like Gong (1995), Sagart (2017) compares it to Tibetan ཆུ (chu), but he also compares it to Bodo (India) दै (dwi), Mizo tui, Proto-Karen *thejᴬ, all of which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-t(w)əj ~ m-ti-s. Handel deems derivations from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsju or *m-t(w)əj ~ m-ti-s unlikely because of phonological issues (STEDT).

Pronunciation

Lua error in Module:wuu-pron at line 195: Incorrect tone notation "2" for sh. See WT:AZH/Wu.

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 水

  2. water (Classifier: 瓶; 滴; 池; 盆; 杯)
    請給我一杯水，謝謝。 [MSC, trad.]
    请给我一杯水，谢谢。 [MSC, simp.]
    Qǐng gěi wǒ yī bēi shuǐ, xièxiè. [Pinyin]
    A glass of water, please.
  3. liquid; potion; juice
    口水  ―  kǒushuǐ  ―  saliva
    羊水  ―  yángshuǐ  ―  amniotic fluid
    眼藥水／眼药水  ―  yǎnyàoshuǐ  ―  eyedrop
  4. (colloquial, chiefly Singapore, Malaysia) Template:zh-synonym of
    要叫什麼水？／要叫什么水？  ―  Yào jiào shénme shuǐ?  ―  What beverage do you want to order?
    欲叫什物水？ [Hokkien, trad. and simp.]
    Beh kiò sím-mi̍h chúi? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]
    What beverage do you want to order?
  6. (archaic) river
    漢水／汉水  ―  Hànshuǐ  ―  the Han River
  7. body of water
  8. waterway
  9. flood
    大水  ―  dàshuǐ  ―  (literally) great water
  10. additional cost or income
  11. (Cantonese) money
  12. (Hong Kong Cantonese) hundred dollars (Classifier: 嚿)
    三嚿水 [Cantonese]  ―  saam1 gau6 seoi2 [Jyutping]  ―  three hundred dollars
  13. (colloquial) lacking substance or power; worthless
    國內大學太水了。 [MSC, trad.]
    国内大学太水了。 [MSC, simp.]
    Guónèi dàxué tài shuǐ le. [Pinyin]
    The universities back in China are too weak.
  14. (colloquial) Classifier for the number of times clothing was washed.
  15. Sui people
    水書／水书  ―  shuǐshū  ―  Shuishu (the traditional writing system of the Sui people)
  17. a surname

Compounds

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (水):
  • → Japanese: 水(すい) (sui)
  • → Korean: 수(水) (su)
  • → Vietnamese: thuỷ (水)

Others:

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 水 – see 媠 (“Min Nan: pretty; beautiful”).
(This character is a variant form of 媠).

References

(deprecated template usage)

Japanese

Kanji

水

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Compounds

Etymology 1

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Kanji in this term
水
みず
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

⟨mi1du⟩ → */mʲidu/ → /mid͡zu/ → /mizu/

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *mentu. Cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Possibly cognate with 瑞 (mizu, “freshness, youth”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

水(みず) • (mizu) ←みづ (midu)?

  1. water (sometimes cold and/or fresh)
    Synonyms: ウオーター (uōtā), ウォーター (wōtā)
    Antonym: 湯 (yu)
  2. drinking water
    Synonyms: 飲水 (insui, nomimizu), 飲用水 (in'yōsui), 飲料水 (inryōsui)
  3. a fluid, liquid
    Synonym: 液体 (ekitai)
  4. a flood
    Synonyms: 大水 (ōmizu), 洪水 (kōzui), 出水 (shussui)
  5. (sumo) Short for 水入り (mizuiri): halting
  6. (sumo) Short for 力水 (chikara mizu): water offered to sumo wrestlers before a bout
Derived terms
Derived terms
Idioms
Idioms
Proverbs
Proverbs

Prefix

水(みず) or 水(prefix) • (mizu or prefix) ←みづ (midu)?[[Category:Japanese Lua error in Module:debug at line 160: Invalid part of speech.
|みす']]

  1. water
Derived terms
Derived terms

Proper noun

水(みず) • (Mizu) ←みづ (midu)?

  1. a female given name
  2. Lua error in Module:names at line 633: dot= and nodot= are no longer supported in Template:surname because a trailing period is no longer added by default; if you want it, add it explicitly after the template

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
水
み
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

⟨mi1⟩ → */mʲi/ → /mi/

From Old Japanese.

Typically found in compounds.[1]

Affix

水(み) • (mi) 

  1. Combining form of みず (mizu) above
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
水
すい
Grade: 1
on'yomi

/ɕuwi/ → */suwi/ → /sui/

From Middle Chinese 水 (MC sywijX).

Compare modern Mandarin 水 (shuǐ), modern Hakka 水 (súi).

Pronunciation

Lua error in Module:parameters at line 828: Parameter "yomi" is not used by this template.

Noun

水(すい) • (sui) 

  1. water: one of the five classical elements in traditional Chinese philosophy and medicine
  2. Short for 水曜日 (suiyōbi): Wednesday
  3. shaved ice served with flavored syrup
    Synonym: 氷水 (kōrimizu)

Affix

水(すい) • (sui) 

  1. water
  2. body of water
  3. fluid, liquid
  4. Short for 水素 (suiso): hydrogen
Usage notes
Derived terms
Derived terms

Proper noun

水(すい) • (Sui) 

  1. a female given name

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
水
もい
Grade: 1
irregular

⟨mopi1⟩ → */mopʲi/ → /moɸi/ → /mowi/ → /moi/

From Old Japanese.

From the meaning of “that which goes in the 椀, 盌 (moi, “bowl”)”.[2][1]

Noun

水(もい) • (moi) ←もひ (mofi)?

  1. drinking water
Derived terms

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named DJR

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 水 (MC sywijX). Recorded as Middle Korean 슈〮 (syú) (Yale: syu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

水 (eumhun 물 수 (mul su))

  1. hanja form? of 수 (“water”)

Compounds

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Lama Bai

Noun

水 (ɕy³³)

  1. hanzi form of ɕy³³ (water)

Miyako

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Pronunciation

Noun

水 (hiragana みず, rōmaji mizu, mikɯ)

  1. water

References

  • “ミズ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Miyako Dialect Dictionary.

“みず” in Celik Kenan Thibault, Online Miyako Dictionary, 2016.

Northern Amami-Oshima

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Noun

水 (hiragana むぃずぃ, rōmaji mïzï)

  1. water

Oki-No-Erabu

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Noun

水 (hiragana みじ, rōmaji miji)

  1. water

References

  • “みじ【水】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Okinawan

Kanji

水

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology

From earlier 水 (midu → midzu → mizu), attested in 1711 in the 混効験集 (Konkōkenshū), itself from Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

The word underwent a pronunciation change due to the shifting of /u/ to /i/ after alveolar consonants.

Cognate with Japanese 水 (mizu), Old Japanese 水 (mi1du).

Pronunciation

  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 360: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Shuri-Naha" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. み​じ[míꜜjì] (Kakō - [1])[1]
  • IPA(key): [mid͡ʑi]

Noun

水 (hiragana みじ, rōmaji miji)

  1. water

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ “ミジ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).
  • “みじ【水】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Southern Amami-Oshima

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Noun

水 (hiragana むぃでぃ, rōmaji mïdi)

  1. water

Southern Bai

Noun

水 (ɕy³³)

  1. hanzi form of ɕy³³ (water)

Vietnamese

Han character

水: Hán Việt readings: thủy/thuỷ (式(thức)軌(quỹ)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5]
水: Nôm readings: thủy/thuỷ[1][2][4][6], nước[2]

  1. chữ Hán form of thuỷ (“water”).
  2. (uncommon) Nôm form of nước (“water”).

Compounds

Compounds

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ^ Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bonet (1899).
  5. ^ Génibrel (1898).
  6. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

Yonaguni

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Possibly also related to Korean 물 (mul), Middle Korean 밀 (mil, “water”).

Pronunciation

Noun

水 (hiragana みん, rōmaji min, hiragana みーん, rōmaji mīn)

  1. water

References

  • “みん【水】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
  • Nicolas Tranter, editor ((Can we date this quote?)), The Languages of Japan and Korea, Routledge, →ISBN, Yonaguni, page 415

Yoron

Kanji

水

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *mezu.

Possibly also related to Korean 물 (mul), Middle Korean 밀 (mil, “water”).

Noun

水 (hiragana みじ, rōmaji miji)

  1. water

References

  • “みじ【水】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
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