den

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Archived revision by Lingo Bingo Dingo (talk | contribs) as of 09:30, 19 December 2019.
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: Appendix:Variations of "den"

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English den, from Old English denn (“den, lair (of a beast), cave; a swine-pasture, a woodland pasture for swine”), from Proto-Germanic *danjō (“threshing-floor, barn-floor”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰen- (“flat surface, board, sheet, area, palm of the hand”). Cognate with Scots den (“den, lair”), Middle Dutch denne (“burrow, den, cave, attic”), Dutch den (“ship's deck, threshing-floor, mountain floor”), Middle Low German denne, danne (“threshing-floor, small dale”), German Tenne (“threshing-floor, barn for threshing”).

Pronunciation

Noun

den (plural dens)

  1. A small cavern or hollow place in the side of a hill, or among rocks; especially, a cave used by a wild animal for shelter or concealment.
    a den of robbers
    Daniel was put into the lions’ den.
  2. A squalid or wretched place; a haunt.
    a den of vice
    an opium den; a gambling den
  3. A comfortable room not used for formal entertaining.
  4. (UK, Scotland, obsolete) A narrow glen; a ravine; a dell.
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Shakespeare to this entry?)
Synonyms
Translations

Verb

Lua error in Module:en-headword at line 1152: Legacy parameter 1=STEM no longer supported, just use 'en-verb' without params

  1. (reflexive) To ensconce or hide oneself in (or as in) a den.

Etymology 2

From Old French denier, from Latin denarius.

Noun

den

  1. Abbreviation of denier (a unit of weight)

Etymology 3

Adverb

den (not comparable)

  1. Eye dialect spelling of then, representing African-American Vernacular English.

Anagrams

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch den

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /dɛn/

Noun

den (plural denne)

  1. pine (tree)

Bambara

Noun

den

  1. child
  2. fruit

Derived terms

(Sense 1)

Verb

den (intransitive)

  1. to bear fruit

Breton

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *dün, from Proto-Celtic *gdonyos (“human, person”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰom-yo- (“earthling, human”), a derivation of *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”).

Pronunciation

Noun

den m

  1. human being
  2. person, man
  3. husband

Cimbrian

Pronoun

den (Sette Comuni)

  1. inflection of dèar:
    1. accusative singular masculine
    2. dative plural

See also

Declension of dèar
masculine feminine neuter plural
nominative dèar dòi des dii / zòi
accusative den dòi des dii / zòi
dative dèmme dèar dèmme den

References

  • “den” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Cornish

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *dün, from Proto-Celtic *gdonyos (“human, person”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰom-yo- (“earthling, human”), a derivation of *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”).

Pronunciation

  • (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA(key): [dɛːn]
  • (Revived Late Cornish) IPA(key): [deːn]

Noun

den m (plural tus)

  1. man
  2. person

Mutation

Template:kw mut cons

Czech

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *dьnь (“day”).

Noun

den m inan

  1. day (24 hours, usually from midnight to midnight)
  2. daytime (time between sunrise and sunset)
  3. (astronomy) day (rotational period of a body orbiting a star)
    Den na Merkuru trvá téměř 59 pozemských dní.
    A day on Mercury lasts almost 59 terrestrial days.
Declension

Template:cs-decl-noun

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Noun

den

  1. genitive plural of dno

Etymology 3

Noun

den

  1. genitive plural of dna

Anagrams

Further reading

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse þann, the accusative form of sá, from Proto-Germanic *sa (“that”), from Proto-Indo-European *só (“this, that”).

Pronunciation

Article

den c (neuter det, plural de)

  1. (definite) the (used before an adjective preceding a noun)
    bilen - the car; den røde bil - the red car

Pronunciation

Pronoun

den c (neuter det, plural de)

  1. (demonstrative) that, the
  2. (personal) it

See also

Danish personal pronouns
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
common neuter plural
Singular First – jeg mig min mit mine
Second modern / informal du dig din dit dine
formal De Dem Deres
Third masculine (person) han ham hans
feminine (person) hun hende hendes
common(noun) den dens
neuter(noun) det dets
reflexive – sig sin sit sine
Plural First modern vi os vores
archaic / formal vor vort vore
Second – I jer jeres
Third – de dem deres
reflexive – sig

Dutch

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch dan, danne, denne (“pine tree”). Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *danwō-, *danjō- "pine tree". Cognate with German Tanne.

Pronunciation

Noun

den m (plural dennen, diminutive dennetje n)

  1. pine, pine tree
Synonyms

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch den.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /dɛn/, /dən/
  • Hyphenation: den
  • Rhymes: -ɛn

Article

den (definite)

  1. (archaic) Dative singular masculine form of de.
    Nederland in den goeden ouden tijd. — The Netherlands in the days of yore.
    De baron gaf den koetsier een wenk en het rijtuig rolde heen. — The baron gave the coachman a sign and the carriage rode away. (from the story Gaston von Frankrijk by J.J.A. Goeverneur)
  2. (archaic) Dative singular neuter form of het.
    In den beginne schiep God den hemel en de aarde — In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth
  3. (archaic) Dative plural form (for all genders) of de and het.
  4. (archaic) Accusative singular masculine form of de.
  5. (Southern, dialectal) Masculine singular definite article, alternative form of de.
Usage notes
  • The use of den was dropped from written Dutch during the spelling reform of 1947; de is now used instead.
  • Normally only the nominative is used; other forms are archaic but survive in a number of idiomatic expressions.
  • den is still widely used in Brabantian and many other Dutch and Flemish dialects. It is also used in surnames (e.g. Van den Berg).
  • The current pronunciation is a spelling pronunciation. Before the word became archaic, it was pronounced with a schwa, /dən/.
Inflection
Dutch definite article
Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural
Nominative de de het de
Genitive des der des der
Dative den der den den
Accusative den de het de


Derived terms

German

Pronunciation

Article

den (definite)

  1. inflection of der (“the”):
    1. accusative masculine singular
    2. dative plural

Declension

German definite articles
Masculine Feminine Neuter Plural
Nominative der die das die
Genitive des der des der
Dative dem der dem den
Accusative den die das die

Pronoun

den

  1. that; whom; accusative masculine singular of der

Irish

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Contraction

den

  1. Contraction of de an.
    Bhris mé den chrann é. ― I broke it off the tree.
    Fuair sé bás den ocras. ― He died of hunger.

Usage notes

This contraction is obligatory, i.e. *de an never appears uncontracted. It triggers lenition of a following consonant other than d, s, or t.

Related terms

Irish preposition contractions
Basic form Contracted with Copular forms
an (“the sg”) na (“the pl”) mo (“my”) do (“your”) a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) ár (“our”) ar (“which (past)”) (before consonant) (present/future before vowel) (past/conditional before vowel)
de (“from”) den de na
desna*		 de mo
dem*		 de do
ded*, det*		 dá dár dar darb darbh
do (“to, for”) don do na
dosna*		 do mo
dom*		 do do
dod*, dot*		 dá dár dar darb darbh
faoi (“under, about”) faoin faoi na faoi mo faoi do faoina faoinár faoinar faoinarb faoinarbh
i (“in”) sa, san sna i mo
im*		 i do
id*, it*		 ina inár inar inarb inarbh
le (“with”) leis an leis na le mo
lem*		 le do
led*, let*		 lena lenár lenar lenarb lenarbh
ó (“from, since”) ón ó na
ósna*		 ó mo
óm*		 ó do
ód*, ót*		 óna ónár ónar ónarb ónarbh
trí (“through”) tríd an trí na trí mo trí do trína trínár trínar trínarb trínarbh
*Dialectal.

Japanese

Romanization

den

  1. Rōmaji transcription of でん

Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

Determiner

den m

  1. unstressed form of deen

Declension

Luxembourgish definite articles
masculine feminine neuter plural
nom./acc. deen (den) déi (d') dat (d') déi (d')
dat. deem (dem) där (der) deem (dem) deen (den)
gen. der

Malay

Pronunciation

Pronoun

den

  1. I, me, my

See also

Malay personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person standard saya / ساي
aku/ku- / اکو / كو- (informal/towards God)
-ku / -كو (informal possessive)
hamba / همبا (dated) 		kami / کامي (exclusive)
kita orang / كيت اورڠ (informal exclusive)
kita / کيت (inclusive)
royal beta / بيتا
2nd person standard kamu / کامو
anda / اندا (formal)
engkau/kau- / اڠکاو/ كاو- (informal/towards God)
awak / اوق (friendly/older towards younger)
-mu / -مو (possessive) 		awak semua / اوق سموا
kamu semua / كامو سموا
kalian / کالين (informal)
kau orang / كاو اورڠ (informal)
royal tuanku / توانكو
3rd person standard dia / دي
ia / اي
beliau / بلياو (honorific)
-nya / -ڽ (possessive) 		mereka / مريک
dia orang / دي اورڠ (informal)
royal baginda / بݢيندا

Mandarin

Romanization

den

  1. Nonstandard spelling of dèn.

Usage notes

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle Dutch

Article

den

  1. inflection of die:
    1. masculine accusative/dative singular
    2. neuter dative singular
    3. dative plural

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈdɛn/ - (stressed)
  • IPA(key): /dən/ - (unstressed)

Pronoun

den (genitive dens)

  1. it; third person singular, masculine/feminine gender. Nominative, accusative or dative.

Pronoun

den m or f

  1. (demonstrative pronoun) that

Article

den m or f

  1. The; only used if there is an adjective in front of the noun.
    bilen: the car → den røde bilen: the red car

Related terms

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

Pronoun

den m or f (neuter det, plural dei)

  1. (demonstrative pronoun) that
    Eg vil ha den bilen.
    I want that car.

Article

den

  1. the; only used if there is an adjective in front of the noun.
    Han køyrde den raude bilen.
    He drove the red car.

References

Novial

Conjunction

Lua error in Module:headword at line 632: Entries in Novial must be placed in the Appendix: namespace

  1. for (indicating the reason justifying a given deduction)

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Portuguese dentro and Spanish dentro and Kabuverdianu dentu.

Preposition

den

  1. in
  2. inside
  3. below

Polish

Pronunciation

Noun

den n

  1. genitive plural of dno

Spanish

Pronunciation

Verb

den

  1. Second-person plural (ustedes) present subjunctive form of dar.
  2. Third-person plural (ellos, ellas, also used with ustedes?) present subjunctive form of dar.
  3. Second-person plural (ustedes) imperative form of dar.

Sranan Tongo

Alternative forms

Etymology

From English them.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

den

  1. they
  2. them

Determiner

den

  1. their (possessive pronoun)

Article

den

  1. the (plural definite article)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish þæn, accusative of sā(r), from Old Norse sá, from Proto-Germanic *sa, from Proto-Indo-European *só.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

den c

  1. it
  2. that

Declension

Swedish personal pronouns
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
common neuter plural
singular first — jag mig, mej3 min mitt mina
second — du dig, dej3 din ditt dina
third masculine (person) han honom, han2, en5 hans
feminine (person) hon henne, na5 hennes
gender-neutral (person)1 hen hen, henom7 hens
common (noun) den den dess
neuter (noun) det det dess
indefinite man or en4 en ens
reflexive — sig, sej3 sin sitt sina
plural first — vi oss vår, våran2 vårt, vårat2 våra
second — ni er er, eran2, ers6 ert, erat2 era
archaic I eder eder, eders6 edert edra
third — de, dom3 dem, dom3 deras
reflexive — sig, sej3 sin sitt sina
1Neologism. Usage has increased since 2010, and has gained widespread acceptance today.
2Informal
4Dialectal, also used lately as an alternative to man, to avoid association to the male gender.
5Informal, somewhat dialectal
6Formal address
7Discouraged by the Swedish Language Council

Article

den c (definite)

  1. (before an adjective preceding a noun) the
    den röda bilen - “the red car”

Related terms

Anagrams

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=den&oldid=58196037"