User:ExcarnateSojourner/beat
See Wiktionary:Beer parlour/2023/January#Limit headers to L4 for context.
English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle English beten, from Old English bēatan (“to beat, pound, strike, lash, dash, thrust, hurt, injure”), from Proto-West Germanic *bautan, from Proto-Germanic *bautaną (“to push, strike”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewd- (“to hit, strike”).
Compare Old Irish fo·botha (“he threatened”), Latin confutō (“I strike down”), fūstis (“stick, club”), Albanian bahe (“sling”), Lithuanian baudžiù, Old Armenian բութ (butʻ)).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]beat (plural beats)
- A stroke; a blow.
- 1687, [John Dryden], “(please specify the page number)”, in The Hind and the Panther. A Poem, in Three Parts, 2nd edition, London: […] Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC:
- He, […] with a careless beat, / Struck out the mute creation at a heat.
- A pulsation or throb.
- a beat of the heart
- the beat of the pulse
- (music) A pulse on the beat level, the metric level at which pulses are heard as the basic unit. Thus a beat is the basic time unit of a piece.
- A rhythm.
- I love watching her dance to a pretty drum beat with a bouncy rhythm!
- The instrumental portion of a piece of hip-hop music.
- The interference between two tones of almost equal frequency
- (authorship) A short pause in a play, screenplay, or teleplay, for dramatic or comedic effect.
- (by extension) An area of a person's responsibility, especially
- The route patrolled by a police officer or a guard.
- 1886, Arthur Conan Doyle, chapter 3, in A Study in Scarlet:
- There has been a bad business during the night at 3, Lauriston Gardens, off the Brixton Road. Our man on the beat saw a light there about two in the morning, and as the house was an empty one, suspected that something was amiss.
- 2019 January 29, Mike Masnick, “How My High School Destroyed An Immigrant Kid's Life Because He Drew The School's Mascot”, in Techdirt[1]:
- […] the rise of embedding police into schools – so-called School Resource Officers (SROs), who are employed by the local police, but whose “beat” is a school. Those officers report to the local police department and not the school, and can, and frequently do, have different priorities.
- (journalism) The primary focus of a reporter's stories (such as police/courts, education, city government, business etc.).
- 2020 April, Elizabeth Kolbert, Why we won't avoid a climate catastrophe[2], National Geographic
- As an adult, I became a journalist whose beat is the environment. In a way, I’ve turned my youthful preoccupations into a profession.
- 2020 April, Elizabeth Kolbert, Why we won't avoid a climate catastrophe[2], National Geographic
- The route patrolled by a police officer or a guard.
- (dated) An act of reporting news or scientific results before a rival; a scoop.
- 1898, unknown author, Scribner's Magazine Volume 24
- It's a beat on the whole country.
- 1898, unknown author, Scribner's Magazine Volume 24
- (colloquial, dated) That which beats, or surpasses, another or others.
- the beat of him
- (dated or obsolete, Southern US) A precinct.
- (dated) A place of habitual or frequent resort.
- (archaic) A low cheat or swindler.
- a dead beat
- 1884 December 10, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter XXVIII, in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn: (Tom Sawyer’s Comrade) […], London: Chatto & Windus, […], →OCLC:
- “If I get away I sha’n’t be here,” I says, “to prove these rapscallions ain’t your uncles, and I couldn’t do it if I was here. I could swear they was beats and bummers, that’s all, though that’s worth something.
- (hunting) The act of scouring, or ranging over, a tract of land to rouse or drive out game; also, those so engaged, collectively.
- 1911, Hedley Peek and Frederick George Aflalo, Encyclopaedia of Sport
- Bears coming out of holes in the rocks at the last moment, when the beat is close to them.
- 1911, Hedley Peek and Frederick George Aflalo, Encyclopaedia of Sport
- (fencing) A smart tap on the adversary's blade.
- (slang) A makeup look; compare beat one's face.
- 2018, Leah Prinzivalli, “Kylie Jenner Shared a Sneak Peek of Her New Kylie Cosmetics Blush on Instagram”, in Allure[3]:
- She made sure to give fans all the details about her beat in the caption.
Derived terms
[edit]- afterbeat
- backbeat
- back beat
- bad beat
- Balearic beat
- beat cop
- beat for nothing
- beatmix
- beat panel
- beat parry
- beatscript
- big beat
- blast beat
- Bo Diddley beat
- D-beat
- deadbeat
- downbeat
- dramatic beat
- drumbeat
- Eurobeat
- forebeat
- heartbeat
- inbeat
- march to a different beat
- march to the beat of a different drum
- march to the beat of a different drummer
- march to the beat of one's own drum
- march to the beat of one's own drummer
- misbeat
- miss a beat
- new beat
- offbeat
- onbeat
- on the beat
- outbeat
- police beat
- popular beat combo
- pound a beat
- skip a beat
- story beat
- underbeat
- upbeat
- walk the beat
- worldbeat
Descendants
[edit]- → Pennsylvania German: biede
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
See also
[edit]- (piece of hip-hop music): track
Verb
[edit]beat (third-person singular simple present beats, present participle beating, simple past beat, past participle beaten or (especially colloquial) beat)
- (transitive) To hit; to strike.
- As soon as she heard that her father had died, she went into a rage and beat the wall with her fists until her knuckles bled.
- Synonyms: knock, pound, strike, hammer, whack; see also Thesaurus:attack, Thesaurus:hit
- 1825?, “Hannah Limbrick, Executed for Murder”, in The Newgate Calendar: comprising interesting memoirs of the most notorious characters, page 231:
- Thomas Limbrick, who was only nine years of age, said he lived with his mother when Deborah was beat: that his mother throwed her down all along with her hands; and then against a wall […]
- 1988, Emily Honig, Gail Hershatter, “Divorce”, in Personal Voices: Chinese Women in the 1980's[4], Stanford, Cali.: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 219:
- The case of a woman named Qu Hua from Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang, illustrates this possibility. She married a worker named Xu Baocheng in 1980, and they got along very well until she gave birth to a girl. Then Xu immediately began to beat Qu, and forced her and the baby to live in a small shack.
- 2012 August 21, Ed Pilkington, “Death penalty on trial: should Reggie Clemons live or die?”, in The Guardian[5]:
- In this account of events, the cards were stacked against Clemons from the beginning. His appeal lawyers have argued that he was physically beaten into making a confession, the jury was wrongfully selected and misdirected, and his conviction largely achieved on individual testimony with no supporting forensic evidence presented.
- 2021 March 10, Drachinifel, 5:50 from the start, in Guadalcanal Campaign - The Big Night Battle: Night 1 (IJN 3(?) : 2 USN)[6], archived from the original on 17 October 2022:
- The attack also afforded Helena to a front-seat view of literal air-to-air melee combat, as one Wildcat pilot of the Cactus Air Force, who was swooping in to help break up the attack, found himself out of machine-gun ammo; instead, he dropped his landing gear, positioned himself above the nearest bomber, and begun beating it to death, in midair, using his landing gear as clubs. After a bit of evasive action that the fighter easily kept up with, the repeated slamming broke something important, and the bomber spiralled down into the sea.
- (transitive) To strike or pound repeatedly, usually in some sort of rhythm.
- He danced hypnotically while she beat the atabaque.
- (intransitive) To strike repeatedly; to inflict repeated blows; to knock vigorously or loudly.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Judges 19:22:
- […] the men of the city, certain sons of Belial, beset the house round about, and beat at the door […]
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jonah 4:8:
- The sun beat upon the head of Jonah, that he fainted, and wished in himself to die.
- 1625, Francis Bacon, “Of Envy”, in Essayes:
- This public envy, seemeth to beat chiefly upon principal officers or ministers, rather than upon kings, and estates themselves.
- 1662 January 1, John Dryden, To the Lord Chancellor Hyde, line 144:
- Sees rolling tempests vainly beat below.
- 1850, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “Twilight”, in The Seaside and the Fireside:
- What tale do the roaring ocean, / And the nightwind, bleak and wild, / As they beat at the crazy casement, / Tell to that little child?
- (intransitive) To move with pulsation or throbbing.
- 1812–18, George Gordon Lord Byron, Childe Harold's Pilgrimage, canto 3, verse 21:
- A thousand hearts beat happily.
- (transitive) To win against; to defeat or overcome; to do or be better than (someone); to excel in a particular, competitive event.
- Jan had little trouble beating John in tennis. He lost five games in a row.
- No matter how quickly Joe finished his test, Roger always beat him.
- I just can't seem to beat the last level of this video game.
- 1991, Richard Thompson (lyrics and music), “1952 Vincent Black Lightning”:
- There's nothing in this world beats a 52 Vincent and a red-headed girl.
- (intransitive, nautical) To sail to windward using a series of alternate tacks across the wind.
- (transitive) To strike (water, foliage etc.) in order to drive out game; to travel through (a forest etc.) for hunting.
- 1955, Robin Jenkins, The Cone-Gatherers, Canongate, published 2012, page 81:
- The part of the wood to be beaten for deer sloped all the way from the roadside to the loch.
- To mix food in a rapid fashion. Compare whip.
- Beat the eggs and whip the cream.
- (transitive, UK, in haggling for a price of a buyer) To persuade the seller to reduce a price.
- He wanted $50 for it, but I managed to beat him down to $35.
- Synonym: negotiate
- (transitive) To indicate by beating or drumming.
- to beat a retreat; to beat to quarters
- To tread, as a path.
- 1712, Sir Richard Blackmore, Creation: A Philosophical Poem, book 1:
- While I this unexampled task essay, / Pass awful gulfs, and beat my painful way, / Celestial Dove! divine assistance bring, / Sustain me on thy strong-extended wing,
- To exercise severely; to perplex; to trouble.
- 1693, John Locke, Some Thoughts Concerning Education:
- I know not why any one should waste his time, and beat his head about the Latin grammar, who does not intend to be a critick, or make speeches, and write dispatches in it.
- To be in agitation or doubt.
- 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:
- to still my beating mind
- To make a sound when struck.
- The drums beat.
- (military, intransitive) To make a succession of strokes on a drum.
- The drummers beat to call soldiers to their quarters.
- To sound with more or less rapid alternations of greater and lesser intensity, so as to produce a pulsating effect; said of instruments, tones, or vibrations not perfectly in unison.
- (transitive) To arrive at a place before someone.
- He beat me there.
- The place is empty, we beat the crowd of people who come at lunch.
- (intransitive, MLE, MTE, slang, vulgar) To have sexual intercourse.
- Bruv, she came in just as we started to beat.
- Synonyms: do it, get it on, have sex, shag; see also Thesaurus:copulate
- (transitive, slang) To rob.
- 1900, Fame, quoting Retail Trade Advocate, page 472:
- When one of 'em runs up a bill here, then goes off and deals somewhere else, and dodges me every time he sees me, that's the man I'm after with a sharp stick. [...] Honest people often get into tight places, and we would rather help 'em than hurt 'em then. But some just try to beat you.
- He beat me out of 12 bucks last night.
Conjugation
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]- bad to beat
- beat about the bush
- beat a dead horse
- beat a hasty retreat
- beat all
- beat a retreat
- beat around the bush
- beat as one
- beat back
- beat Banaghan
- beat down
- beater
- beat everything
- beat feet
- beat hollow
- beating-heart transplant
- beat into
- beat into a cocked hat
- beat into fits
- beat into shape
- beat it
- beat Jack out of doors
- beat like a jungle drum
- beat my neighbour out of doors
- beat off
- beat one's brain
- beat one's brains out
- beat one's breast
- beat one's chest
- beat one's face
- beat one's head against a stone wall
- beat one's meat
- beat one's swords into ploughshares
- beat one's swords into plowshares
- beat out
- beat senseless
- beat somebody to the punch
- beat someone at their own game
- beat someone's brains out
- beat someone's time
- beat some sense into
- beat the air
- beat the bishop
- beat the bounds
- beat the clock
- beat the cock
- beat the crap out of
- beat the crowd
- beat the daylight out of
- beat the daylights out of
- beat the dummy
- beat the dust
- beat the hoof
- beat the meat
- beat the odds
- beat the pants off
- beat the poop out of
- beat the rap
- beat the shit out of
- beat the stuffing out of
- beat the system
- beat the tar out of
- beat the wing
- beat time
- beat to
- beat to a pulp
- beat to pulp
- beat to quarters
- beat to the punch
- beat up
- beat up on
- beat your neighbour out of doors
- bebeat
- be still my beating heart
- burn-beat
- devil's beating his wife
- don't that beat all
- forbeat
- if that doesn't beat all
- if that don't beat all
- inbeat
- it is easy to find a stick to beat a dog
- misbeat
- overbeat
- put an egg in one's shoe and beat it
- tobeat
- to beat the band
- underbeat
- wife-beater
- world-beating
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle English bet (simple past of beten "to beat"), from Old English bēot (simple past of bēatan "to beat"). Middle English bet would regularly yield *beet; the modern form is influenced by the present stem and the past participle beaten. Pronunciations with /ɛ/ (from Middle English bette, alternative simple past of beten) are possibly analogous to read (/ɹɛd/), led, met, etc.
Pronunciation
[edit]- enPR: bēt, bĕt, IPA(key): /biːt/, (often proscribed) /bɛt/
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -iːt, -ɛt
- Homophones: beet, bet
Verb
[edit]beat
- simple past tense of beat
- (especially colloquial) past participle of beat
Adjective
[edit]beat (comparative more beat, superlative most beat)
- (US slang) Exhausted.
- After the long day, she was feeling completely beat.
- 1957, Jack Kerouac, chapter 10, in On the Road, Viking Press, →OCLC, part 2:
- I stayed in San Francisco a week and had the beatest time of my life. Marylou and I walked around for miles, looking for food-money.
- Dilapidated, beat up.
- Dude, you drive a beat car like that and you ain’t gonna get no honeys.
- (African-American Vernacular and gay slang) Having impressively attractive makeup.
- Her face was beat for the gods!
- (slang) Boring.
- (slang, of a person) Ugly.
Synonyms
[edit]- (exhausted): See also Thesaurus:fatigued
- (dilapidated): See also Thesaurus:ramshackle
- (boring): See also Thesaurus:boring
- (ugly): See also Thesaurus:ugly
Translations
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]From beatnik, or beat generation.
Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]beat (plural beats)
- A beatnik.
- 2008, David Wills, Beatdom, Issue Three, March 2008
- The beats were pioneers with no destination, changing the world one impulse at a time.
- 2008, David Wills, Beatdom, Issue Three, March 2008
Adjective
[edit]beat (comparative more beat, superlative most beat)
- Relating to the Beat Generation.
- beat poetry
References
[edit]- DeLone et. al. (Eds.) (1975). Aspects of Twentieth-Century Music. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. →ISBN.
Anagrams
[edit]
Catalan
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]beat (feminine beada, masculine plural beats, feminine plural beades)
Derived terms
[edit]Noun
[edit]beat m (plural beats)
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “ExcarnateSojourner/beat” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “ExcarnateSojourner/beat”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “ExcarnateSojourner/beat” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “ExcarnateSojourner/beat” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]beat m (plural ExcarnateSojourner/beats, diminutive beatje n)
Derived terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]beat
Declension
[edit]Inflection of ExcarnateSojourner/beat (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | beat | beatit | |
genitive | beatin | beatien | |
partitive | beatiä | beatejä | |
illative | beatiin | beateihin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | beat | beatit | |
accusative | nom. | beat | beatit |
gen. | beatin | ||
genitive | beatin | beatien | |
partitive | beatiä | beatejä | |
inessive | beatissä | beateissä | |
elative | beatistä | beateistä | |
illative | beatiin | beateihin | |
adessive | beatillä | beateillä | |
ablative | beatiltä | beateiltä | |
allative | beatille | beateille | |
essive | beatinä | beateinä | |
translative | beatiksi | beateiksi | |
abessive | beatittä | beateittä | |
instructive | — | beatein | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Synonyms
[edit]Italian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Unadapted borrowing from English beat.
Adjective
[edit]beat (invariable)
- beat (50s US literary and 70s UK music scenes)
Noun
[edit]beat m (invariable)
- beat (rhythm accompanying music)
Anagrams
[edit]Latin
[edit]Verb
[edit]beat
Megleno-Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From a contracted Vulgar Latin form of Late Latin bibitus (“drunk”), from Latin bibō (“drink”).
Adjective
[edit]beat
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From a contracted Vulgar Latin form of Late Latin bibitus (“drunk”), from Latin bibō (“drink”). Compare Spanish beodo.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]beat m or n (feminine singular ExcarnateSojourner/beată, masculine plural beți, feminine and neuter plural bete)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | neuter | feminine | masculine | neuter | feminine | ||
nominative/ accusative |
indefinite | ExcarnateSojourner/beat | ExcarnateSojourner/beată | beți | bete | ||
definite | ExcarnateSojourner/beatul | ExcarnateSojourner/beata | beții | betele | |||
genitive/ dative |
indefinite | ExcarnateSojourner/beat | bete | beți | bete | ||
definite | ExcarnateSojourner/beatului | betei | beților | betelor |
Synonyms
[edit]- îmbătat
- băut
- (very formal) în stare de ebrietate
- (slang) matol
- (slang) matolit
- (slang) pilit
- (slang) mangă
- (slang) țeapăn
- (slang) cherchelit
Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Rukai
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]beat
Volapük
[edit]Noun
[edit]beat (nominative plural ExcarnateSojourner/beats)
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | ExcarnateSojourner/beat | ExcarnateSojourner/beats |
genitive | ExcarnateSojourner/beata | ExcarnateSojourner/beatas |
dative | ExcarnateSojourner/beate | ExcarnateSojourner/beates |
accusative | ExcarnateSojourner/beati | ExcarnateSojourner/beatis |
vocative 1 | o ExcarnateSojourner/beat! | o ExcarnateSojourner/beats! |
predicative 2 | ExcarnateSojourner/beatu | ExcarnateSojourner/beatus |
- 1 status as a case is disputed
- 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only