肉
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Stroke order | |||
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Alternative forms
[edit]- ⺼ U+2EBC (when used as a left Chinese radical in compositions)
The left component form ⺼ looks very similar to ⺝, the left radical form of 月 (“moon”), and is often drawn identically in compounds. However they are etymologically distinct, and careful usage distinguishes the cross strokes, with ⺼ written with unattached diagonal strokes. This is particularly an issue in looking up characters by radical; compare 月 index and 肉 index.
The radical form ⺼ may also appear twisted to a diagonal, resembling 夕 with an added line, as in 祭, 然, and 將.
Han character
[edit]肉 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人月人 (OBO), four-corner 40227, composition ⿵内人 or ⿻冂仌)
- Kangxi radical #130, ⾁.
Derived characters
[edit]- Appendix:Chinese radical/肉
- 𪠼, 𢫭, 𭸆, 𨹌, 朒, 𣧻, 𧻣, 𩣀, 䯐, 𩶩, 𨛇, 𦧘, 𭑶, 𠒯, 𫻯, 𭃘, 𡱎, 𢩌, 𥭊, 𨿇, 𩬳, 𪗌, 瘸, 𤻚
- 將 (top right component)
- 祭 (top left component)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 973, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29236
- Dae Jaweon: page 1424, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2931, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8089
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
肉 | |
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alternative forms |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 肉 | ||||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | Libian (compiled in Qing) | |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | Clerical script |
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Pictogram (象形) – ribs of an animal’s torso or simply a physical representation of a slice of meat.
Etymology 1
[edit]Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *now (“tender; soft”), which has also been compared to 柔 (OC *mlju, “soft; flexible”), 揉 (OC *mju, “to knead”), 軟 (OC *njonʔ, “soft”), 弱 (OC *njewɢ, “weak”), 懦 (OC *noːls, *njo, “cowardly”), 荏 (OC *njɯmʔ, “weak”) (STEDT; Schuessler, 2007). Alternatively, it may be from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nja-k (“meat, flesh”) (STEDT).
- "media"
- Back-formation from 生肉 (shēngròu). See there for more.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): rou4 / ru2
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): жу (řu, III)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): nyiuh6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): rou3 / rueh4
- Northern Min (KCR): nṳ̀
- Eastern Min (BUC): nṳ̆k
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 8gnioq / 8zoq / 7gnioq / 6gnio
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): rou6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄖㄡˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ròu
- Wade–Giles: jou4
- Yale: ròu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: row
- Palladius: жоу (žou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʐoʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄖㄨˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: rù
- Wade–Giles: ju4
- Yale: rù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ruh
- Palladius: жу (žu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʐu⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: rou4 / ru2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: rhou / rhu
- Sinological IPA (key): /zəu²¹³/, /zu²¹/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)+
- rou4 - literary;
- ru2 - vernacular.
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: жу (řu, III)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʐou⁴⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: juk6
- Yale: yuhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: juk9
- Guangdong Romanization: yug6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jʊk̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: nguuk5 / nguuk5-4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡɵk̚³²/, /ᵑɡɵk̚³²⁻²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: nyiuh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /n̠ʲiuʔ⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiuk
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiugˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngiug5
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯uk̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: rou3 / rueh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /ʐəu⁴⁵/, /ʐuəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: nṳ̀
- Sinological IPA (key): /ny⁴²/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: nṳ̆k
- Sinological IPA (key): /nˡyʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: he̍k
- Tâi-lô: hi̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: hek
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /hiɪk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hia̍k
- Tâi-lô: hia̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: hiak
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /hiak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: jio̍k
- Tâi-lô: jio̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: jiok
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /ziɔk̚⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /d͡ziɔk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lio̍k
- Tâi-lô: lio̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: liok
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /liɔk̚²⁴/
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /liɔk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, General Taiwanese)
- he̍k/hia̍k - vernacular (“meat; pork; pulp; main part of an object”);
- jio̍k/lio̍k - literary.
- hib8 - vernacular;
- yiog4 - literary.
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
- Wugniu: 8gnioq
- MiniDict: nyoh入
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 5nyioq
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲioʔ¹²/
- Sinological IPA (Jiading): /n̠ʲioʔ¹²/
- Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /n̠ʲioʔ²²/
- Sinological IPA (Chongming): /ɦn̠ʲyoʔ²/
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /n̠ʲioʔ²³/
- Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /n̠ʲioʔ²³/
- Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /n̠ʲioʔ²²/
- Sinological IPA (Haining): /n̠ʲioʔ²²/
- Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /n̠ʲioʔ²²/
- Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /n̠ʲioʔ²³/
- Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /n̠ʲyoʔ¹²/
- (Northern: Shanghai, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Haiyan, Hangzhou)
- (Northern: Chongming)
- (Northern: Shaoxing)
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Changzhou, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: rou6
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʐəu̯²⁴/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 肉 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /ʐou⁵¹/ |
Harbin | /ʐou⁵³/ | |
Tianjin | /iou⁵³/ /ʐou⁵³/ | |
Jinan | /ʐou²¹/ | |
Qingdao | /iou⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /ʐou³¹²/ | |
Xi'an | /ʐou⁴⁴/ | |
Xining | /ʐɯ²¹³/ | |
Yinchuan | /ʐəu¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /ʐou¹³/ | |
Ürümqi | /ʐɤu²¹³/ | |
Wuhan | /nəu²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /zu³¹/ /zəu¹³/ | |
Guiyang | /zu²¹/ | |
Kunming | /ʐəu²¹²/ /ʐu³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /ʐəɯ⁴⁴/ | |
Hefei | /ʐɯ⁵³/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /zəu⁴⁵/ 豬~ /zuəʔ²/ ~桂 |
Pingyao | /ʐəu³⁵/ | |
Hohhot | /ʐəu⁵⁵/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /ȵioʔ¹/ |
Suzhou | /ȵioʔ³/ | |
Hangzhou | /zoʔ²/ | |
Wenzhou | /ȵɤu²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /niu²²/ |
Tunxi | /ȵiu¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /ʐəu²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /iəɯ²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /ȵiuʔ⁵/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /ŋiuk̚¹/ |
Taoyuan | /ŋiuk̚²²/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /jok̚²/ |
Nanning | /juk̚²²/ | |
Hong Kong | /jʊk̚²/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /liɔk̚⁵/ /hik̚⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /nyʔ⁵/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ny⁴²/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /nek̚⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /hiɔk̚³/ |
- Middle Chinese: nyuwk
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*k.nuk/
- (Zhengzhang): /*njuɡ/
Definitions
[edit]肉
- meat; flesh
- (specifically) pork
- body
- flesh; pulp
- (ACG) media; video
- (Quanzhou Hokkien) main part of an object
- 刀肉 [Hokkien] ― to-hia̍k [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― blade of a knife or sword
Compounds
[edit]- 一塊肉/一块肉
- 丁祭肉
- 三淨肉/三净肉
- 不做肉
- 五花肉 (wǔhuāròu)
- 人肉市場/人肉市场 (rénròu shìchǎng)
- 仔牛肉 (zǎiniúròu)
- 以肉餧虎/以肉喂虎
- 伏肉
- 俎上肉 (zǔshàngròu)
- 凡夫肉眼
- 刀肉
- 剜肉補瘡/剜肉补疮
- 剜肉醫瘡/剜肉医疮
- 割肉 (gēròu)
- 劗肉/𭄛肉
- 咕咾肉 (gūlǎoròu)
- 墦間酒肉/墦间酒肉
- 大腸息肉/大肠息肉
- 大魚大肉/大鱼大肉 (dàyúdàròu)
- 天鵝肉/天鹅肉
- 好酒好肉
- 嬌皮嫩肉/娇皮嫩肉
- 寢皮食肉/寝皮食肉
- 小肉兒/小肉儿
- 小鮮肉/小鲜肉 (xiǎoxiānròu)
- 弱肉強食/弱肉强食 (ruòròuqiángshí)
- 心肝肉
- 心頭肉/心头肉 (xīntóuròu)
- 心驚肉戰/心惊肉战
- 心驚肉跳/心惊肉跳 (xīnjīngròutiào)
- 心驚肉顫/心惊肉颤
- 息肉 (xīròu)
- 愚眉肉眼
- 挖肉補瘡/挖肉补疮
- 掠脂斡肉
- 晚食當肉/晚食当肉
- 有血有肉 (yǒuxuèyǒuròu)
- 東坡肉/东坡肉 (dōngpōròu)
- 果肉 (guǒròu)
- 槁骨腐肉
- 橫肉/横肉 (héngròu)
- 涮羊肉
- 滷肉/卤肉 (lǔròu)
- 漿酒藿肉/浆酒藿肉
- 漿酒霍肉/浆酒霍肉
- 烤肉 (kǎoròu)
- 燒肉/烧肉 (shāoròu)
- 燔肉
- 燻肉/熏肉 (xūnròu)
- 牛肉 (niúròu)
- 狗肉 (gǒuròu)
- 狼多肉少 (lángduōròushǎo)
- 生死肉骨
- 療瘡剜肉/疗疮剜肉
- 白切肉
- 白肉 (báiròu)
- 皮嬌肉嫩/皮娇肉嫩
- 皮焦肉爛/皮焦肉烂
- 皮肉 (píròu)
- 皮裡抽肉/皮里抽肉
- 皮裡走肉/皮里走肉
- 皮開肉破/皮开肉破
- 皮開肉綻/皮开肉绽 (píkāiròuzhàn)
- 皮開肉裂/皮开肉裂
- 皮鬆肉緊/皮松肉紧
- 眼肉胎凡
- 砧上之肉
- 破肉
- 碎肉 (suìròu)
- 稽顙肉袒/稽颡肉袒
- 竹肉
- 筋肉 (jīnròu)
- 米粉肉 (mǐfěnròu)
- 粉蒸肉 (fěnzhēngròu)
- 粱肉
- 精肉 (jīngròu)
- 羊肉床子
- 羊頭狗肉/羊头狗肉 (yángtóugǒuròu)
- 羶肉
- 羽翮飛肉/羽翮飞肉
- 肉丁 (ròudīng)
- 肉中刺
- 肉丸 (ròuwán)
- 肉乎乎
- 肉乾/肉干 (ròugān)
- 肉人
- 肉傀儡
- 肉冠 (ròuguān)
- 肉刑 (ròuxíng)
- 肉包子 (ròubāozi)
- 肉包子打狗 (ròubāozi dǎ gǒu)
- 肉吊窗
- 肉呼呼
- 肉嘟嘟 (ròudūdū)
- 肉囊囊
- 肉圓/肉圆 (ròuyuán)
- 肉墩墩
- 肉屋
- 肉山
- 肉山脯林
- 肉山酒海
- 肉彈/肉弹 (ròudàn)
- 肉感 (ròugǎn)
- 肉慾/肉欲 (ròuyù)
- 肉排 (ròupái)
- 肉搏 (ròubó)
- 肉搏戰/肉搏战 (ròubózhàn)
- 肉敦敦
- 肉柱
- 肉桂 (ròuguì)
- 肉案 (ròu'àn)
- 肉棗兒/肉枣儿
- 肉毒桿菌/肉毒杆菌 (ròudúgǎnjūn)
- 肉沫
- 肉湯/肉汤 (ròutāng)
- 肉燥 (ròusào)
- 肉牛 (ròuniú)
- 肉用雞/肉用鸡 (ròuyòngjī)
- 肉畜
- 肉痛 (ròutòng)
- 肉瘤 (ròuliú)
- 肉皮 (ròupí)
- 肉眼 (ròuyǎn)
- 肉眼凡夫
- 肉眼凡胎
- 肉眼愚晦
- 肉眼愚眉
- 肉眼泡兒/肉眼泡儿
- 肉票 (ròupiào)
- 肉禽 (ròuqín)
- 肉穗花序
- 肉粽 (ròuzòng)
- 肉紅/肉红
- 肉絲/肉丝 (ròusī)
- 肉綻皮開/肉绽皮开
- 肉羹 (ròugēng)
- 肉聲/肉声 (ròushēng)
- 肉脯 (ròufǔ)
- 肉腰刀
- 肉色 (ròusè)
- 肉芽 (ròuyá)
- 肉芝
- 肉蓯蓉/肉苁蓉 (ròucōngróng)
- 肉袒 (ròutǎn)
- 肉裡錢/肉里钱
- 肉角
- 肉豆蔻 (ròudòukòu)
- 肉豬/肉猪 (ròuzhū)
- 肉質/肉质 (ròuzhì)
- 肉跳心驚/肉跳心惊
- 肉身 (ròushēn)
- 肉邊菜/肉边菜
- 肉酥 (ròusū)
- 肉醬/肉酱 (ròujiàng)
- 肉重千斤
- 肉雞/肉鸡 (ròujī)
- 肉頭/肉头 (ròutou)
- 肉顫心驚/肉颤心惊 (ròu chàn xīn jīng)
- 肉飛仙/肉飞仙
- 肉食 (ròushí)
- 肉食者 (ròushízhě)
- 肉食者鄙 (ròushízhěbǐ)
- 肉食鴿/肉食鸽
- 肉餅/肉饼 (ròubǐng)
- 肉餡/肉馅 (ròuxiàn)
- 肉餡兒/肉馅儿
- 肉體/肉体 (ròutǐ)
- 肉鬆/肉松 (ròusōng)
- 肉鰭/肉鳍
- 肉鴿/肉鸽
- 肉麻 (ròumá)
- 肌肉 (jīròu)
- 肌肉注射 (jīròu zhùshè)
- 肌肉麻痺/肌肉麻痹
- 肥羊肉
- 肥肉 (féiròu)
- 胙肉
- 脈不制肉/脉不制肉
- 脢子肉
- 腐肉 (fǔròu)
- 臘肉/腊肉 (làròu)
- 臭肉來蠅/臭肉来蝇
- 至親骨肉/至亲骨肉
- 苦肉計/苦肉计 (kǔròujì)
- 荷葉肉/荷叶肉
- 著肉
- 葉肉/叶肉 (yèròu)
- 虎頭食肉/虎头食肉
- 血肉 (xuèròu)
- 血肉之軀/血肉之躯 (xuèròuzhīqū)
- 血肉模糊 (xuèròumóhú)
- 血肉橫飛/血肉横飞 (xuèròuhéngfēi)
- 血肉淋漓
- 血肉相連/血肉相连 (xuèròuxiānglián)
- 行尸走肉 (xíngshīzǒuròu)
- 行屍視肉/行尸视肉
- 衣帛食肉
- 衣錦食肉/衣锦食肉
- 裡脊肉/里脊肉
- 見肉生根/见肉生根
- 親生骨肉/亲生骨肉
- 親骨肉/亲骨肉 (qīngǔròu)
- 豆腐盤成肉價錢/豆腐盘成肉价钱 (dòufu pán chéng ròu jiàqián)
- 豬肉乾/猪肉干
- 貼皮貼肉/贴皮贴肉
- 貼肉/贴肉
- 賊肉/贼肉
- 賴肉頑皮/赖肉顽皮
- 贅肉/赘肉 (zhuìròu)
- 走肉行屍/走肉行尸 (zǒuròuxíngshī)
- 酒池肉林 (jiǔchíròulín)
- 酒肉兄弟
- 酒肉朋友
- 醃肉/腌肉
- 陳平分肉/陈平分肉
- 雞肉/鸡肉 (jīròu)
- 電宰豬肉/电宰猪肉
- 靈肉/灵肉 (língròu)
- 靠胸貼肉/靠胸贴肉
- 風肉/风肉 (fēngròu)
- 飛土逐肉/飞土逐肉
- 食不異肉/食不异肉
- 食不重肉
- 食肉寢皮/食肉寝皮 (shíròuqǐnpí)
- 香肉 (xiāngròu)
- 骨肉 (gǔròu)
- 骨顫肉驚/骨颤肉惊
- 骨騰肉飛/骨腾肉飞
- 髀肉
- 髀肉復生/髀肉复生 (bìròufùshēng)
- 魚肉/鱼肉 (yúròu)
- 鮓肉/鲊肉
- 鮮肉/鲜肉 (xiānròu)
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄖㄡˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ròu
- Wade–Giles: jou4
- Yale: ròu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: row
- Palladius: жоу (žou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʐoʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jau6
- Yale: yauh
- Cantonese Pinyin: jau6
- Guangdong Romanization: yeo6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɐu̯²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]肉
- (archaic) edge; brim; an outer part of a ring-shaped object (such as coin or jade annulus)
- (archaic, of sound and music) rich; substantial
- 使其曲直繁瘠,廉肉節奏,足以感動人之善心而已矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Shǐ qí qūzhí fánjí, liánròu jiézòu, zúyǐ gǎndòng rén zhī shànxīn ér yǐyǐ. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
使其曲直繁瘠,廉肉节奏,足以感动人之善心而已矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (dialectal Mandarin) spongy; squashy; flabby
- (dialectal Mandarin) slow; sluggish
Compounds
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]simp. and trad. |
肉 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 脈/脉 𬁲 |
Unclear. Reminiscent of 脢 (OC *mɯːs, *mɯː, *mɯːs, “dorsal meat”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Alternatively, it may be of substrate origin. Compare (Deng, 1994):
- Proto-Austronesian *SimaR (“grease; oil; fat”) > Amis simal;
- Proto-Tai *manᴬ (“grease; fat”) > Thai มัน (man);
- Malay gemuk (“fat”, adjective);
- Bunun masmuh (“fat”, adjective);
- Tsat maʔ˥˧ (“fat”, adjective).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Tong'an, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Penang, Philippines)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mah
- Tâi-lô: mah
- Phofsit Daibuun: maq
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /mãʔ⁵/
- IPA (Philippines): /maʔ⁵/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bhah4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: bah
- Sinological IPA (key): /baʔ²/
Definitions
[edit]- meat; flesh
- 豬肉/猪肉 [Hokkien] ― ti-bah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― pork
- 牛肉 [Hokkien] ― gû-bah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― beef
- (specifically) pork
- 肉骨 [Hokkien] ― bah-kut [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― pork ribs
- flesh; pulp
- 龍眼乾肉/龙眼干肉 [Hokkien] ― lêng-géng-koaⁿ bah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― flesh of dried longan
- main part of an object
- 刀肉 [Hokkien] ― to-bah [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― blade of a knife or sword
Further reading
[edit]- “肉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[3], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03288
- “Entry #2607”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
- (Cantonese) 粵音資料集叢
- zi.tools
Japanese
[edit]Shinjitai | 肉 | ![]() |
Kyūjitai [1][2][3] |
肉󠄁 肉+ 󠄁 ?(Adobe-Japan1) |
![]() |
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: にく (niku, Jōyō)←にく (niku, historical)
- Kan-on: じく (jiku)←じく (ziku, historical)
- Kun: しし (shishi, 肉)
Etymology 1
[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
肉 |
しし Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
宍 |
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *sisi. Not used in isolation in modern standard Japanese. Persists in compounds and in some dialects.
Cognate with 獣 (shishi, “beast, especially one used for meat”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- [from 712–1682] (obsolete or dialect, Aomori, Fukushima, Nara, Kagoshima) meat (of boars, pigs, deer, etc.)
- [from 712–1682] (obsolete) human flesh
- (dialect, Iwate, Niigata, Shizuoka, Toyama) muscle
- (dialect, Toyama) excess fat, flab
- (dialect, Kochi) the human body
Derived terms
[edit]- 肉合い (shishiai): how someone or something is fleshed out, one's build
- 肉置き (shishioki): how someone or something is fleshed out, one's build
- 肉付き (shishitsuki): how someone or something is fleshed out, one's build
- 肉付く (shishizuku): to become fatter, to become meatier; to make someone or something fatter or meatier
- 肉醤 (shishibishio): salted meat, salted fish; the salted and mummified body of an executed person, a practice of punishment carried out in ancient China
- 肉骨 (shishibone): bones from which the meat has been removed; a skeleton
- 肉叢 (shishimura): a cut or hunk of meat; the physical or corporeal body, the flesh
- 肉病 (shishiyami): (rare) obesity, a disease whereby the body becomes fat
Etymology 2
[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
肉 |
にく Grade: 2 |
goon |
From Middle Chinese 肉 (MC nyuwk). Compare modern Hokkien 肉 (jio̍k / lio̍k), Teochew 肉 (ne̍k), or Hakka 肉 (ngiuk7).
Alternative forms
[edit]- (honorific) お肉 (o-niku)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- meat, the muscle and fat tissue of an animal used as food
-
- この肉上げましょうか、食べたくなる程美味しい肉ですよ
- kono niku agemashō ka, tabetakunaru hodo oishī niku desuyo
- Should I give this meat [to someone else]? I want to eat them so much because this meat is just so good!
- この肉上げましょうか、食べたくなる程美味しい肉ですよ
-
- the flesh of an animal
- the flesh of a fruit or vegetable
- one's body, as opposed to spirit
- in the Edo period, a prostitute who was an amateur woman
- (Christianity) refers to humans themselves, their world, and their sins, as opposed to their spirit
- the thickness of a thing
- 板の肉
- ita no niku
- the thickness of a board
- 板の肉
- (figurative) the flesh or meat of something, such as an idea, structure, or argument
- an ink pad, a stamp pad
- (theater, kabuki) short for 肉襦袢 (niku juban): flesh-toned undergarments worn by actors and shown when the character has to display their skin
Synonyms
[edit]- (fruit or vegetable flesh): 実 (mi)
- (body): 肉体 (nikutai)
- (thickness): 厚さ (atsusa), 太さ (futosa)
- (ink pad): 印肉 (inniku)
Derived terms
[edit]- 肉交 (nikukō): sexual intercourse
- 肉羹 (nikukō): meat broth
- 肉汁 (nikujū): meat broth; meat juice; gravy
- 肉漿 (nikushō): meat juice
- 肉饅 (nikuman): nikuman
- 肉饅頭 (nikumanjū): nikuman
- 肉類 (nikurui): a kind of meat, the sort of meat
- 牛肉 (gyūniku): beef
- 筋肉 (kinniku): muscle
- 狗肉 (kuniku): dog meat
- 鶏肉 (keiniku), 鶏肉 (toriniku): chicken (meat)
- 鯨肉 (geiniku): whale meat
- すじ肉 (sujiniku)
- 鳥肉 (toriniku): meat of a bird, in particular meat of a chicken
- 馬肉 (baniku): horsemeat
- 豚肉 (butaniku), 豚肉 (tonniku): pork
- 挽肉 (hikiniku): minced meat, ground meat
- 羊肉 (yōniku): mutton
References
[edit]- ^ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “肉”, in 字通 (Jitsū)[1] (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
- ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, , page 1741 (paper), page 922 (digital)
- ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, , page 984 (paper), page 505 (digital)
- ^ “しし 【肉・宍】
”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][2] (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]肉: Hán Nôm readings: nhục[1], nậu, nhụ
Derived terms
[edit]References
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- zh:Foods
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