跟
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]跟 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+6, 13 strokes, cangjie input 口一日女 (RMAV), four-corner 67132, composition ⿰𧾷艮)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1224, character 14
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37491
- Dae Jaweon: page 1696, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3706, character 14
- Unihan data for U+8DDF
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Old Chinese | |
---|---|
艱 | *krɯːn |
齦 | *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn |
眼 | *ŋrɯːnʔ |
蛝 | *ɡrɯːn |
限 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
硍 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
豤 | *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn |
詪 | *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns |
根 | *kɯːn |
跟 | *kɯːn |
珢 | *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn |
艮 | *kɯːns |
茛 | *kɯːns |
墾 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
懇 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
垠 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn |
泿 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn |
痕 | *ɡɯːn |
拫 | *ɡɯːn |
鞎 | *ɡɯːn |
很 | *ɡɯːnʔ |
恨 | *ɡɯːns |
銀 | *ŋrɯn |
檭 | *ŋrɯn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *kɯːn) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).
Etymology 1
[edit]simp. and trad. |
跟 |
---|
Cognate with 根 (OC *kɯːn, “root”) (Wang, 1982).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gen1
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): gien1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): geng1
- Northern Min (KCR): gáing
- Eastern Min (BUC): gĕng / gṳ̆ng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1ken
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gen1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄣ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gen
- Wade–Giles: kên1
- Yale: gēn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gen
- Palladius: гэнь (gɛnʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kən⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: gen1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gen
- Sinological IPA (key): /kən⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gan1
- Yale: gān
- Cantonese Pinyin: gan1
- Guangdong Romanization: gen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɐn⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: gin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kin³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: gien1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiɛn⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiên
- Hakka Romanization System: gienˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gian1
- Sinological IPA: /ki̯en²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: geng1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /kə̃ŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gáing
- Sinological IPA (key): /kaiŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gĕng / gṳ̆ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɛiŋ⁵⁵/, /kyŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- gĕng - “heel”;
- gṳ̆ng - “to follow”.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kun
- Tâi-lô: kun
- Phofsit Daibuun: kwn
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kun⁴⁴/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kun³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kin
- Tâi-lô: kin
- Phofsit Daibuun: kyn
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung): /kin⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: geng1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kṳng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɯŋ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: gen1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kən³³/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 跟 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /kən⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /kən⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /kən²¹/ | |
Jinan | /kẽ²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /kə̃²¹³/ | |
Zhengzhou | /kən²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /kẽ²¹/ | |
Xining | /kə̃⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /kəŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Lanzhou | /kə̃n³¹/ | |
Ürümqi | /kɤŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /kən⁵⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /kən⁵⁵/ | |
Guiyang | /ken⁵⁵/ | |
Kunming | /kə̃⁴⁴/ | |
Nanjing | /kən³¹/ | |
Hefei | /kən²¹/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /kəŋ¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /kəŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /kə̃ŋ³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /kəŋ⁵³/ |
Suzhou | /kən⁵⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /ken³³/ | |
Wenzhou | /kaŋ³³/ /ky³³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /kʌ̃³¹/ |
Tunxi | /kɛ¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /kən³³/ |
Xiangtan | /kən³³/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /kiɛn⁴²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /ken⁴⁴/ |
Taoyuan | ||
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kɐn⁵³/ |
Nanning | /kɐn⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /kɐn⁵⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kun⁵⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kyŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /kaiŋ⁵⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /kɯŋ³³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /kin²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: kon
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*kɯːn/
Definitions
[edit]跟
- heel (of a foot, a shoe or a sock)
- to follow
- (of a woman) to marry
- with (together)
- as (in comparisons)
- to; with
- and (joining nouns)
- (dialectal Mandarin) at
- (Cantonese) to follow; to abide
- (Waxiang) to act for someone
- (Waxiang) Used to introduce the direct object of a verb.
- 跟履端來!/跟履端来! [Waxiang] ― [kai⁵⁵ li²⁵ to⁵⁵ zɤ¹³] [IPA] ― Bring the shoes over here!
- 跟門閉下。/跟门闭下。 [Waxiang] ― [kai⁵⁵ mai⁵⁵ pi³³ ka³³] [IPA] ― Close the door.
- 接到以後,又跟女子通送到房裡去。 [Waxiang, trad.]
- From: 2010, 向光训 (Xiang Guangxun), 《婚礼》, in 伍云姬 (Wu Yunji), 沈瑞清 (Shen Ruiqing), 《湘西古丈瓦乡话调查报告》, Shanghai: Shanghai Educational Publishing House, →ISBN, page 257
- [tɕ͡iɛ⁴¹ tau³³ i⁴¹ xəɯ²⁵ iəɯ²⁵ kai⁵⁵ ɳiəɯ²⁵⁻¹³ ts͡a tʰau⁵⁵ sau³³ tau³³ vɤŋ¹³ la²⁵ kʰəɯ³³] [IPA]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
接到以后,又跟女子通送到房里去。 [Waxiang, simp.]
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 跟 (“to follow”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 跟, 跟隨, 跟從 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 跟 |
Taiwan | 跟 | |
Singapore | 跟 | |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 跟 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 跟 |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 跟 |
Wuhan | 跟 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 跟 |
Hefei | 跟 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 跟 |
Hong Kong | 跟 | |
Yangjiang | 跟 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 跟 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 跟 |
Hakka | Meixian | 跈, 跟 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 跈 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 跈 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 跈 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 跈 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 跈 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 跈 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 跟, 相跟 |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 跟 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 跟, 跇 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 綴 |
Quanzhou | 綴 | |
Shishi | 綴 | |
Zhangzhou | 綴 | |
Taipei | 綴 | |
New Taipei (Sanxia) | 綴 | |
Kaohsiung | 綴 | |
Yilan | 綴 | |
Changhua (Lukang) | 綴 | |
Taichung | 綴 | |
Tainan | 綴 | |
Hsinchu | 綴 | |
Kinmen | 綴 | |
Penghu (Magong) | 綴 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 綴 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 綴 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 綴 | |
Chaozhou | 綴 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 綴 | |
Puxian Min | Putian | 綴 |
Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 跟 |
Wu | Suzhou | 跟 |
Wenzhou | 跟 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 跟 |
Shuangfeng | 跟 |
See also
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 劈腳跟/劈脚跟
- 年跟腳/年跟脚
- 後跟/后跟 (hòugēn)
- 拿跟
- 摔跟頭/摔跟头
- 栽跟頭/栽跟头
- 沒後跟/没后跟
- 番張跟斗
- 相跟
- 砌跟
- 穿跟斗
- 立定腳跟/立定脚跟
- 站穩腳跟/站稳脚跟
- 緊跟/紧跟 (jǐngēn)
- 翻跟斗
- 翻跟頭/翻跟头 (fān gēntou)
- 耳跟廂/耳跟厢
- 腳後跟/脚后跟 (jiǎohòugēn)
- 腳跟/脚跟 (jiǎogēn)
- 腳跟大事/脚跟大事
- 足跟 (zúgēn)
- 跟丁
- 跟上 (gēnshàng)
- 跟不上 (gēnbùshàng)
- 跟了人
- 跟人
- 跟伴
- 跟住
- 跟兔
- 跟兒/跟儿
- 跟前
- 跟前人
- 跟勁/跟劲
- 跟包
- 跟即
- 跟問/跟问
- 跟夫
- 跟婆
- 跟子
- 跟官
- 跟定 (gēndìng)
- 跟尋/跟寻
- 跟局
- 跟尾兒/跟尾儿
- 跟屁精
- 跟屁股
- 跟屁蟲/跟屁虫 (gēnpìchóng)
- 跟履
- 跟差
- 跟底
- 跟役 (gēnyì)
- 跟從/跟从 (gēncóng)
- 跟房
- 跟手 (gēnshǒu)
- 跟挂
- 跟捕
- 跟斗
- 跟斗翻
- 跟斗蟲
- 跟會/跟会
- 跟止
- 跟步
- 跟班 (gēnbān)
- 跟監/跟监
- 跟着 (gēnzhe)
- 跟究
- 跟絓/跟𮉤
- 跟緝/跟缉
- 跟聲/跟声
- 跟肘
- 跟胥
- 跟脛/跟胫
- 跟腳/跟脚
- 跟腱 (gēnjiàn)
- 跟腳裏/跟脚里
- 跟著/跟着 (gēnzhe)
- 跟衣
- 跟超掖夾/跟超掖夹
- 跟趕/跟赶
- 跟足
- 跟趾
- 跟踵
- 跟蹤/跟踪 (gēnzōng)
- 跟蹠
- 跟車/跟车 (gēnchē)
- 跟進/跟进 (gēnjìn)
- 跟隨/跟随 (gēnsuí)
- 跟頭/跟头 (gēntou)
- 跟頭戲/跟头戏
- 跟頭蟲/跟头虫 (gēntouchóng)
- 跟馬/跟马
- 跟骨 (gēngǔ)
- 躡跟/蹑跟
- 追跟
- 連扯跟頭/连扯跟头
- 靴後跟/靴后跟
- 鞋跟 (xiégēn)
- 頭痒搔跟
- 頭癢搔跟/头痒搔跟
- 高跟 (gāogēn)
- 高跟鞋 (gāogēnxié)
Etymology 2
[edit]simp. and trad. |
跟 |
---|
Pronunciation
[edit]- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Magong)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tè
- Tâi-lô: tè
- Phofsit Daibuun: dex
- IPA (Taipei): /te¹¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /te²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Sanxia, Hsinchu, Kinmen)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tòe
- Tâi-lô: tuè
- Phofsit Daibuun: doex
- IPA (Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan, Singapore): /tue²¹/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: duê3
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tuè
- Sinological IPA (key): /tue²¹³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Magong)
Definitions
[edit]跟
- (Southern Min) Alternative form of 綴/缀 (“to follow”)
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]跟
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]跟 • (geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]跟: Hán Nôm readings: cân, ngấn, ngân
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
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