User:Bezimenen/Mythological entities within Bulgarian folklore

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Mythological entities in Bulgarian folklore

Types of creatures and concepts[edit]

Divine type[edit]

Concepts and motives[edit]

< Proto-Slavic *rodъ, *kory.
⇒ cosmogonism
Compare забрана (zabrana), наредба (naredba), оброк (obrok), обет (obet) (non-ultimate rules or pledges).
Remark: Transgression from the law causes грях (grjah), свян (svjan) (@ К. Михайлова (1991): "За някои морални норми в славянския фолклор", in Проблеми на българския фолклор Т.8)
< съд (sǎd) +‎ -ба (-ba), Greek ὅρισις (hórisis)
▷ dialectics between preset and potential (ex. "История за бедата и работата")
+ cf. Zoroastrian Mazda (“wisdom”); Daostic Tao (“natural way”); etc.
▷ proper demeaner in face of hardship (ех. "Приказка за Неволята")
+ cf. Stoic eudaimonia (“good behaviour”)
▷ origin and function of the soul (probably Christian motive?)

Popular motives:

  • absolute vs relative
  • duality, trinity, division...
  • dialectics = from dichotomy to resolution (ех. "Легенда за Господ и Дявола")
  • natural law → природа (priroda), свят (svjat)
  • constitution

Agents[edit]

< Proto-Slavic *bogъ m, *bogyni f, possibly of Iranian origin (cf. Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰagás (“lord, distributor”) → Vedic Bhaga).
< Proto-Slavic *xudъ m, *xudyni f, substantivation of adj. *xudъ (“weak, crook”) (in Bulg. preserved with the meaning “wicked”). Similar to East Slavic лихъ (lixŭ).
< Proto-Slavic *divъ m, *divyni f, either substantivization of adj. *divь(nъ) (“wonderful, marvelous”) or of Iranian origin (cf. Proto-Indo-Iranian *daywás (“deamon, deity”) → Zoroastr. Daeva). Likely akin to ди́ва (díva), самоди́ва (samodíva, “fairy”).
Remark: Homophonous with folklore/colloquial див (div, “demihuman”), ди́ване (dívane, “stubborn person, lunatic”) < Turkish, of Persian origin.
  • дя́вол (djávol): devil; epithetically also called Куция (the Crippled), Лукавия (the Cunning), Антихрист (antipode of Christ), et al.
< non-native, borrowed with the spread of Christianity from Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos, “slanderer”).
cf. Romanian Nefârtatul
Possible Pre-Christian distribution of supernatural beings
Худ Див Бог
← – →
malevolent neutral benevolent

Physical (corporal) types[edit]

Supernatural humans[edit]

Heroic class (draft):

---

Artisan class:

< Proto-Slavic *věda; *věščь (“proficient”) + -ица (-ica)/-ер (-er)/-ик (-ik), related to the word for awareness, knowledge / unawareness (ве́дие (védie) / неведе́ние (nevedénie)) and proficiency (вещина́ (veštiná)). Akin with Russian ве́дьма (védʹma).
< Proto-Slavic *vъlxvъ, akin to the word for magic trick (вълшебство (vǎlšebstvo)) and conjuror (вълшебник (vǎlšebnik)). In modern times, meaning has degraded to mean rogue, fraudster.
< Proto-Slavic *čarodějь (literally: charm-doer), equivalent to чар (čar, “charm”) +‎ -о- (-o-) +‎ дей (dej, “doer”) (obsolete).
< Proto-Slavic *znati (“to know”), *bati (“to fable”) + -хар (-har). Nowadays, with obsolete usage. In the past, referring to people (sometimes with supernatural abilities) who treat sick or mentally unstable people with amulets, charms, and often natural medicines. Predecessors of modern medics (лекар, лечител, церител).
< Proto-Slavic *bajačь (+ -ка (-ka) for fem. forms), from ба́я (bája, “to enchant, to evoke divination”). Presumably, capable of identifying and removing hexes (уроки), curses (проклятия) and bad luck (прокоба) by chanting divinations and prayers. Somewhat similar to знахар, бахар with the difference that the later are more prone to use amulets or actual medicines rather than spells.
< Proto-Slavic *vьračь (+ -ка (-ka) for fem. forms). In modern times, the meaning has degraded to imply “fortune-teller”.
< Proto-Slavic *gadateľь (+ -ка (-ka) for fem. forms), from гада́я (gadája, “to guess, to prophesy”). In the past, having status closer to prophets, but nowadays generally perceived as hoaxers. Within mythology, believed to have received "divine sight" (e.g. after being hit by a lightning or sleeping under sacred tree).
< я́сен (jásen, “clear”) +‎ -о- (-o-) +‎ ви́дец (vídec, “seer”) (rare).
< Proto-Slavic *prorokъ, *proricateľь; respectively Proto-Slavic *věťateľь.
< ори́с (orís, “fate”), arch. наре́ка (naréka, “calling, blessing”), наръ́ка (narǎ́ka, “commandment”), съд (sǎd, “verdict”), dial. рождело́ (roždeló, “birth”) + -ница (-nica)

Demihumans[edit]

  • джудже́ (džudžé)[18]: dwarf. In some founding myths, believed to form the first generation of demihumans that preceeds giants and normal humans.
< Ottoman Turkish جوجه, of Persian origin.
< вели́к (velík, “great, glorious”), голя́м (goljám, “large, big”), грама́да (gramáda, “giant heap”) + -ан (-an) (same suffix as in малчуга́н (malčugán, “small kid, brat”), дебела́н (debelán, “fatso, thick person”))
  • исполи́н (ispolín)[19]: large, robust, sturdy person/demihuman; usually dwelling in mountains and forests.
< Old Church Slavonic сполинъ (spolinŭ); per Vasmer, from the name of the Scythian tribe Spalaei (allegedly a branch of the Royal Scythians, according to contemporary Graeco-Roman sources).
  • жид (žid)[20][21]: mythological person; within Biblical tradition, believed to be the first generation of humans that God created.
< Old Church Slavonic жидъ (židŭ, “Jew”) or Old East Slavic жидъ (židŭ, “ent, forest spirit”) (possibly contamination of the two).
  • лати́ни (latíni), е́лени (éleni), чу́ди (čúdi): mythical people based on the historical Romans, Greeks, Celts, and Goths, who had ruled the Balkans and the Pontic steppes before the arrival of Slavs and Oghurs (who eventually formed the modern Bulgarian nation).

Humanoids[edit]

  • ба́га (bága) (archaic): generic fabulous creature which appears in fables. Used as an example for children to learn from. Typically, depicted as an old man or a wise mythical beast.
< perhaps from Proto-Slavic *bati (“to fable”) +‎ -га (-ga), akin to ба́сня (básnja, “fable”), or a borrowing.
< probably Proto-Slavic *kukъ, akin to Lithuanian kaũkas (“dwarf, goblin”), Latvian kauks (“puck”)
< Proto-Slavic *čеmеrъ, *čеmуrь
< borrowed from Russian чёрт (čort) < Proto-Slavic *čьrtъ.
< probably Proto-Slavic *buga (“lagoon, swamp, marsh”) + -ан (-an) + -ец (-ec)/-ин (-in)
< perhaps from Proto-Slavic *morta akin to мора (mora, “death spirit, nightmare”), смърт (smǎrt, “death”) or related to the name of St. Martin. Believed to appear during the мратинци days around Martinmas (11 Nov), similar to Halloween in Western folklore.
< Greek/Ottoman Turkish, in some dialects dialects reinterpreted as ка́рам (káram, “to ride”) +‎ -а- (-a-) +‎ кон (kon, “horse”). Possibly influenced by Turkish korkunç (“terrifying, terrible, wicked”) (also Turkish kara (“black”) by itself figuratively means wicked, evil).
< Arabic طلسم (“talisman, amulet”) via Ottoman Turkish. Doublet of талисма́н (talismán).
< торба́ (torbá, “bag”) +‎ -ал (-al) +‎ -ан (-an). Akin to the endonym торбе́ш (torbéš, “Torbeš”).

Beastoids[edit]

< Proto-Slavic *vьlkolakъ, perhaps a compound of вълк (vǎlk, “wolf”) +‎ -о- (-o-) +‎ дла́ка (dláka, “pelt, skin with fur”). A reflex *вълкодлак (*vǎlkodlak) is attested in toponyms.
< Proto-Slavic *ǫpyrь, contaminated/reshaped in some dialects with forms akin to Proto-Slavic *lěpiti (“to stick, to glue to”) (due to bats' abity to hang onto surfaces). Native reflexes (nowadays dialectal or archaic) include въпи́р (vǎpír), упи́р (upír), вомпи́р (vompír), while the standard вампир has spread from a Western language in recent times. Functionally, has merged with creatures such as дра́кос (drákos),[35] дра́кул (drákul) (of Greek origin).
< Unclear. BER compares with it чар (čar), formally resembles жар (žar), жарило (žarilo). May be related to Proto-Slavic *žerti (“to devour”), cf. Lithuanian gėrėjas (“drinker”).
< Proto-Slavic *ustrělъ, akin to the word for arrow (стрела́ (strelá)). Outside of folklore, could mean paralysis.
< дра́ча се (dráča se, “to shout, to clamour against s.o.”) +‎ -авец (-avec) (formally from an earlier *dorkavьcь), akin to Serbo-Croatian дре́кавац, ждракавац.
< буча́ (bučá, “to rumble”) +‎ -ач (-ač) (formally from an earlier *bukačь), most likely of onomatopoeic origin. Similar to Serbo-Croatian ба̏ук. Outside of folklore, occassionally used as an epithet for eagle owl (standard бу́хал (búhal), чу́хал (čúhal)).
< пес (pes), псе (pse, “dog”) +‎ -о- (-o-) +‎ глава (glava, “head”) +‎ -ец (-ec). Possibly calque of Ancient Greek κυνοκέφαλος (kunoképhalos).
< Latin Rōsālia (“festival celebrating the rose”) +‎ -ка (-ka), named after the belief that русалки appear during the last day of Roses' festival (the week after the Day of Jesus' Ascension). According to some myths, originate from the pledged soul of a drowned or strangled young woman.
< borrowed from Russian росома́ха (rosomáxa, “wolverine”). Within folklore, refers to a sinister, vengeful version of русалка. Possibly (per Vasmer) a metathized version of Proto-Slavic *sormaxa (“harmful creature”), whence dial. Ukrainian сорома́ха (soromáxa).

Monsters[edit]

< чу́до (čúdo, “wonder, marvel”) +‎ -овище (-ovište)
< страша́ (strašá, “to scare, to frighten”) (obsolete), пла́ша (pláša, “to scare”) + -илище (-ilište); Russian пуга́ть (pugátʹ, “to drive, to chase off”) + -алище (-alište).
< грозя́ (grozjá, “to menace, to uglify”), га́дя (gádja, “to dread, to repulse”), гнуся́ (gnusjá, “to disgust”) + -илище (-ilište)
< Proto-Slavic *zmьjь, akin to the word for snake (Bulgarian змия́ (zmijá)). In modern times, intermingled with the creature дра́кон (drákon, “dragon”) (Greek borrowing).
< Ancient Greek Λάμια (Lámia, “Lamia”)
< perhaps from Vulgar Latin strīga or directly from Ancient Greek στρίξ (stríx). Found also in Romanian strigoi pl, Polish strzyga, Albanian shtriga.
< Old Church Slavonic инорогъ (inorogŭ), morphologically from ино- (ino-, “unique”) +‎ рог (rog, “horn”). Perhaps a medieval calque of Ancient Greek μονόκερως (monókerōs).
< жар (žar, “amber”) +‎ пти́ца (ptíca, “bird”).

Undead[edit]

< Proto-Slavic *neživъ, morphologically formed as не- (ne-, “un-”) +‎ жив (živ, “alive”). Principally means abiotic.
< Proto-Slavic *navь (“wraith, undead”), possibly akin to the word for need (ну́жда (núžda), пону́да (ponúda)).
< perhaps Proto-Slavic *dědějь (“predecessor”) + -ин (-in)/-ко (-ko) via dialectal narrowing of unstressed *ě - ě́ > i - é.
  • плъ́тник (plǎ́tnik)[53]: incarnant (spirit of dead person which incarnates into the body of an animal while it comes near their corpse)
< плътя́ (plǎtjá, “to get under the flesh”) +‎ -ник (-nik) (obsolete), akin to the word for incarnation (въплъще́ние (vǎplǎšténie)).

Fairies[edit]

< Proto-Slavic *diva, likely akin to the words for daemon (Bulgarian див (div), диви́ня (divínja)).
< Proto-Slavic *vila, perhaps from the same root as Bulgarian ве́я (véja, “to wind”), ви́хър (víhǎr, “whirlwind”). Outside of folklore, could mean “gale, whirlwind, burst of air”. Originally may have meant “unrest, perturbance”, akin to Sanskrit वेला (velā, “time, tide, threshold”).
< Proto-Slavic *juda, likely cognate to Lithuanian jaudà (“temptation”), Latvian jauda (“capacity, spiritual power”). Possibly further related to the word for youth (Bulgarian юноша (junoša)).
< Proto-Slavic *mora, *morava, akin to the word for death (смърт (smǎrt)) and physical exhaustion (мор (mor), умо́ра (umóra)).
< probably ки-ки (ki-ki, “mockering interjection”) +‎ мо́ра (móra, “death spirit”) or alternatively from ки́ка (kíka, “bundle of hair”) (dialectal) +‎ -и- (-i-) +‎ мо́ра (móra).
< either Proto-Slavic *vela or *věla, probably akin to the word for high wave, disturbance (вал (val)), further Czech válka (“war”). May have been inspired by Scythian Amazons. In modern times, have been associated with вакха́нка (vakhánka, “maenad”) (of Greek origin).

Guardians (draft)[edit]

Metaphysical (spiritual) types[edit]

Phantasma[edit]

< Proto-Slavic *duxъ, akin to the word for breathe (дъх (dǎh), диха́ние (dihánie)), aspiration (ди́шане (díšane)), soul (душа́ (dušá)). Originally, meaning “gush of air, sprite” (attested in Old Church Slavonic доухъ (duxŭ)).
< likely influenced by Serbo-Croatian зду̀ха̄ћ, morphologically equivalent to с- (s-) +‎ дух (duh, “spirit”) +‎ -ач (-ač). According to some interpretations (Skok, Jokl), the Serbo-Croatian term may be a folk reinterpration of dial. сту̀ха̄ћ of Albanian origin (perhaps akin to Greek borrowing стихи́я (stihíja, “natural force”)). Some motifs of the creature's lore are also found in Romanian balaur (“dragon”).
< Proto-Slavic *běsъ, possibly related to the word for misfortune, calamity (беда́ (bedá)). Standardly means rabies.
< Proto-Slavic *prizorkъ, equivalent to при- (pri-) +‎ зрак (zrak, “glare, sight”); Proto-Slavic *prividěnьje, equivalent to при- (pri-) +‎ виде́ние (vidénie, “vision, spectacle”).
< Proto-Slavic *sěnъka (“shade”). As a mythological entity, spread with the adoption of Christianity.
< Proto-Slavic *aviti (“to appear”) + -ина (-ina).
< Proto-Slavic *blǫditi (“to hallucinate, to delude”) + -ник m (-nik)/-ница f (-nica), akin to the word for delusion (заблу́да (zablúda)). Secondarily, means “immoral, unfaithful person → adulterer, rake” (meaning adapted from Russian).
< Arabic جن via Ottoman Turkish (whence also Turkish cin). Possibly distantly related to Latin genius (although a direct borrowing is not likely).

Phenomena[edit]

< Proto-Slavic *xala (limited to South Slavic), possibly from Ancient Greek χάλαζα (khálaza, “hail”). Outside of folklore, refers to tornado, twister (also called смерч (smerč)).
< гора́ (gorá, “forest, mountain”) +‎ -о- (-o-) +‎ лом (lom, “cracker, breaker, destroyer”).
< Proto-Slavic *buřa. Nowadays, no longer associated with supernaturality.
< Proto-Slavic *tǫča. Nowadays obsolete. Within Christian tradition, one of the retributions spent by God to punish the greed of people during the Age of Noah.
< Proto-Slavic *potopъ, an action noun of потопя́ (potopjá, “to submerge (in water)”). Perhaps entered native folklore from the Biblical tradition. Within Christian tradition, the ultimate the retribution spent by God to punish the greed of people during the Age of Noah (see Deluge in mythology).
< Proto-Slavic *xmara. Perhaps influenced by toxic steams erupted from the ground. Sometimes, depicted as a swarm of ghosts or as a dim cloud.
< pl. of Ancient Greek στοιχεῖον (stoikheîon, “primal element”).
< Proto-Slavic *rarogъ.
< Proto-Slavic *gromъ, *stonъ, *ękъ, *buka. Nowadays, no longer associated with supernaturality. Within folklore, usually casted by sentient beings such as гръмовержец or букач, rather than appearing on their own.
< Proto-Slavic *mъldni. Nowadays, no longer associated with supernaturality. Outside of folklore, synonymous with светка́вица (svetkávica), блеска́вица (bleskávica).
< земя (zemja, “earth”) +‎ -е- (-e-) +‎ трус (trus, “quake”). Nowadays, no longer associated with supernaturality.

Diseases and omens[edit]

< unclear; possibly borrowed from Vulgar Latin cȳma (“billow”) (of Greek origin), along with Romanian ciumă (“pestilence”). Cognate with Russian чума́ (čumá), Polish dżuma.
< Proto-Slavic *kuga (limited to South Slavic), either of expressive origin or borrowed from Old High German koge (“infection”).
< Proto-Slavic *svorga (“great severity, wrench”).
< Proto-Slavic *ęga (“malice, disease”), whence also the name of the mythological personage Баба Яга (Baba Jaga).
< Proto-Slavic *kъrčь (“cramp”) + -ян (-jan), -ина (-ina), -иня (-inja). Akin to Russian ко́рча f (kórča), Czech krč, Polish kurcz.
< Greek Ελεούσα (Eleoúsa, “merciful”), epithet of St. Mary.
< Proto-Slavic *nežitь, from не- (ne-, “un-”) +‎ Proto-Slavic *žitь (“life, bios”). Cognate with Russian нежи́д (nežíd, “pus”), Polish nieżyć (“catarrh”). Outside of folklore, refers to pyorrhea (type of gum disease).
< Proto-Slavic *nedǫgъ, from не- (ne-, “un-”) +‎ Proto-Slavic *dǫgъ (“capacity, force”).
< Proto-Slavic *uroka (“spell, naration”), *zarekъ (“claim, proverb”), akin to the word for clause (наро́к (narók) (archaic)), term (срок (srok)), lesson (уро́к (urók)), speech (реч (reč)). Basis for the verb Bulgarian уроча́сам (uročásam, “to curse, to cast bad luck”).
< по- (po-) +‎ чу́до (čúdo, “wonder”) +‎ -ище (-ište).

Mysteries and magic[edit]

< Ancient Greek μαγεία (mageía). Basis for магьо́свам (magjósvam, “to conjure magic”), whence also магьо́сник m (magjósnik), магьо́сница f (magjósnica, “magician”),
< Proto-Slavic *vъlšьba (“witchery”) + -ство (-stvo). Akin to влъхв m (vlǎhv), влъ́хва f (vlǎ́hva).
< Proto-Slavic *čarъ. Akin to чароде́й m (čarodéj), чароде́йка f (čarodéjka).
< Proto-Slavic *čudo, *divo. Akin to чудо́вище (čudóvište, “monster”)
< Proto-Slavic *kudo.
< Proto-Slavic *blǫda, action/resultant noun of *blǫdati (“to worry, to torture one's mind”). Akin to блу́дник m (blúdnik), блу́дница f (blúdnica) and Russian borrowing блуд (blud, “debauchery”).
< Proto-Slavic *mama, action/resultant noun of *mamiti (“to deceive, to cheat, to delude”).
< Proto-Slavic *mara. Akin to the word for mirage (мараня́ (maranjá)).
< Proto-Slavic *ědъ (“poison”), likely akin to Lithuanian aistrà (“rabies”). Could refer to any kind of bane, be it supernatural and not.

Elementals (draft)[edit]

Remark: In general, there is no particular mysticism related to the elements in Bulgarian folklore. They only serve supplementary function.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Stoynev, Anani (1994) “род”, in Българска митология. Енциклопедичен речник [Bulgarian mythology. Encyclopedic dictionary]‎[1] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: 7M - Logis, page 300
  2. ^ Stoynev, Anani (1994) “корен”, in Българска митология. Енциклопедичен речник [Bulgarian mythology. Encyclopedic dictionary]‎[2] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: 7M - Logis, page 177
  3. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “орис”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 922
  4. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “ху́дый”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[3] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 514
  5. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “див²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 384
  6. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “веда²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 126
  7. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вещица”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 141
  8. ^ Nayden Gerov (1895) “вѣ́щикъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[4] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 201
  9. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “влъхва, влъхъв”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 166
  10. ^ Nayden Gerov (1895) “баꙗ́чь”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[5] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 30
  11. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “врач”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 183
  12. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1901) “проро́къ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[6] (in Bulgarian), volume 4, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 310
  13. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1901) “ори́сници”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[7] (in Bulgarian), volume 4, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 380
  14. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1901) “наре́чници”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[8] (in Bulgarian), volume 4, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 209
  15. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1901) “нарѫ́чници”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[9] (in Bulgarian), volume 4, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 212
  16. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “сѫ́дница”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[10] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 314
  17. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “рожде́лница”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[11] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 84
  18. ^ Nayden Gerov (1895) “джудже́”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[12] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 289
  19. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “исполин”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 89
  20. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “жид”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 543
  21. ^ Nayden Gerov (1897) “жидъ, мн. жи́дове”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[13] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 20
  22. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “кук¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 82
  23. ^ Nayden Gerov (1899) “кукъ (3)”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[14] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 430
  24. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “че́меръ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[15] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 540
  25. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “чёртъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[16] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 547
  26. ^ Nayden Gerov (1895) “буга́нець, буга́нинъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[17] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 81
  27. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “мрата”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 280
  28. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “мратиня́к”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 281
  29. ^ Nayden Gerov (1899) “мратинꙗ́къ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[18] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 85
  30. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “караконджо(л)”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 234
  31. ^ Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “таласъм”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 778
  32. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вълколак”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 206
  33. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вампир”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 117
  34. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “лепир”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 364
  35. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дракос”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 420
  36. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “жаро”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 525
  37. ^ Nayden Gerov (1897) “жꙗ́ро”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[19] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 30
  38. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “у́стрѣлъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[20] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 458
  39. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1901) “песогла́вець”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[21] (in Bulgarian), volume 4, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 25
  40. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “цологла́вець”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[22] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 526
  41. ^ Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “русалка”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 351
  42. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “чюдо́вище”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[23] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 563
  43. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “зме́й”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 647
  44. ^ Nayden Gerov (1897) “змѣ́й”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[24] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 160
  45. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “ламя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 303
  46. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “стри́горъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[25] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 269
  47. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “ино-¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 80
  48. ^ Nayden Gerov (1897) “иноро́гъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[26] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 328
  49. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “нави”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 458
  50. ^ Nayden Gerov (1899) “на́вꙗкъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[27] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 132
  51. ^ Nayden Gerov (1895) “диде́инъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[28] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 293
  52. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дидеин”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 387
  53. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1901) “плъ́тникъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[29] (in Bulgarian), volume 4, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 46
  54. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дива”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 384
  55. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “самоди́ва”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[30] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 115
  56. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вила²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 147
  57. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “самови́ла”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[31] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 112
  58. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “ю́да”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[32] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 601
  59. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “самою́да”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[33] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 117
  60. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “мора¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 238
  61. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “морава¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 238
  62. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “кикимора”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 358
  63. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дух”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 450
  64. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “бяс”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 450
  65. ^ Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “призрак¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 712
  66. ^ Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “сянка”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 724
  67. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “джин”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 364
  68. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “ха́ла”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[34] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 482
  69. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “буря”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 92
  70. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “ту́чꙗ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[35] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 386
  71. ^ Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “потоп”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 557
  72. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “хма́ра”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[36] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 503
  73. ^ Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “стихия”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 464
  74. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “мълния”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 390
  75. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “чю́ма”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[37] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 566
  76. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “куга”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House
  77. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “еза”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 481
  78. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “кърч¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 222
  79. ^ Nayden Gerov (1897) “крьчꙗ́нъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[38] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 425
  80. ^ Stoynev, Anani (1994) “лехуса”, in Българска митология. Енциклопедичен речник [Bulgarian mythology. Encyclopedic dictionary]‎[39] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: 7M - Logis, page 203
  81. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “нежит”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 600
  82. ^ Nayden Gerov (1899) “нежи́тъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[40] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 260
  83. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “недъг”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 599
  84. ^ Nayden Gerov (1899) “недѫ́гъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[41] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 260
  85. ^ Nayden Gerov, Тодор Панчев (1904) “уро́кы”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[42] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 450
  86. ^ Stoynev, Anani (1994) “почуди, почудище”, in Българска митология. Енциклопедичен речник [Bulgarian mythology. Encyclopedic dictionary]‎[43] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: 7M - Logis, page 279
  87. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “магия”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 602
  88. ^ Nayden Gerov (1895) “блѫда́ꙗние”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[44] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 52
  89. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “ма́ма³”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 632
  90. ^ Nayden Gerov (1899) “ма́мка”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language]‎[45] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 48
  91. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “ма́ра²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 659

General literature[edit]

  • Георгиева, Иваничка (1993) Българска народна митология, Sofia: Наука и изкуство
  • Stoynev, Anani (1994) Българска митология. Енциклопедичен речник [Bulgarian mythology. Encyclopedic dictionary] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: 7M - Logis


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