h

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "h"

h U+0068, h
LATIN SMALL LETTER H
← g
[U+0067] 		Basic Latin i →
[U+0069]
ʰ U+02B0, ʰ
MODIFIER LETTER SMALL H
← ʯ
[U+02AF] 		Spacing Modifier Letters ʱ →
[U+02B1]
ｈ U+FF48, ｈ
FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER H
← ｇ
[U+FF47] 		Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms ｉ →
[U+FF49]

Translingual[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Letter[edit]

h (upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the basic modern Latin alphabet.

See also[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(file)

Symbol[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

h

  1. (IPA) a voiceless glottal fricative or approximant.
    (superscript ⟨ʰ⟩) (after a consonant) aspiration; (before a consonant) pre-aspiration; otherwise a weak, fleeting or epenthetic [h] – see ʰ.
  2. (metrology) symbol for the prefix hecto-, indicating multiplication by 100
  3. symbol of the hour
  4. (italic) Planck's constant
  5. helion
  6. higgson
  7. (transcription) aspiration
    • 2006, Robin Wooffitt, “Analysing the Organization of Successful Demonstrations of Paranormal Cognition”, in The Language of Mediums and Psychics: The Social Organization of Everyday Miracles (in English), Ashgate Publishing, →ISBN, page 70:
      PP: ·hh⎡y’know-, / R: [I used it today Doris for the first time. / You used it today? / R: yea(huh)s (Smiling voice) / (0.3) / PP: t·hhhh And ah’ve another voice come, an’ she says, she’s just bought a new cooker you know. ·hh they know-, they get to know everythi:ng,
    • 2010, John Heritage, Steven Clayman, “Transcript Symbols”, in Talk in Action: Interactions, Identities, and Institutions (in English), →ISBN, pages 284 and 286:
      Bee: ·hhh Uh::, (0.3) I don’know I guess she’s aw- she’s awright she went to thee uh:: hhospital again tihda:y, […] Hearable aspiration is shown where it occurs in the talk by the letter h – the more h’s, the more aspiration. The aspiration may represent breathing, laughter, etc. If it occurs inside the boundaries of a word, it may be enclosed in parentheses in order to set it apart from the sounds of the word. If the aspiration is an inhalation, it is shown with a dot before it (usually a raised dot) or a raised degree symbol. Bee: [Ba::]sk(h)etb(h)a(h)ll? (h)(°Whe(h)re.) […]
    • 2015, Simona Pekarek Doehler, Elwys De Stefani, Anne-Sylvie Horlacher, “The hanging topic construction as an interactional resource”, in Time and Emergence in Grammar: Dislocation, Topicalization and Hanging Topic in French Talk-in-Interaction (Studies in Language and Social Interaction; 28) (in English), John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, section 5 (Aphoristic HT formulations as closing devices), page 210:
      .hhhh (0.1) donc pour moi les hommes eu::h

Gallery[edit]

  • Letter styles
  • Uppercase and lowercase versions of H, in normal and italic type
    Uppercase and lowercase versions of H, in normal and italic type
  • Uppercase and lowercase H in Fraktur
    Uppercase and lowercase H in Fraktur

See also[edit]

The template Template:Letter does not use the parameter(s): 
Character=H8
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.

Other representations of H:

English[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H, plural hs or h's)

  1. The eighth letter of the English alphabet, called aitch and written in the Latin script.
See also[edit]

Number[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The ordinal number eighth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called aitch and written in the Latin script.

Etymology 2[edit]

Abbreviations

Noun[edit]

h

  1. (sciences) Abbreviation of hour (particularly when used as a (non-SI) unit of time alongside International System of Units (SI) units)
    • 1908, Francis Ernest Lloyd, The Physiology of Stomata, Carnegie Institution of Washington, page 83:
      Another instance: 2h28m p. m., 10 micra; 3h08m p. m., 0 micra; irrigated with water: 3h09m p. m., 4 micra.
  2. (baseball, in statistics) Abbreviation of hit, the number of hits by a player
  3. (slang) Abbreviation of heroin.
  4. (computing) Abbreviation of hexadecimal (following a number)
    • 1989, PC: The Independent Guide to IBM Personal Computers:
      If any of the video buffer's background attribute bits are on, MONO converts the attribute to 70h (inverse video).
    • 1994, Jan Axelson, The microcontroller idea book, page 47:
      The commands assume that the NV memory is addressed beginning at 8000h in external data memory.
  5. Abbreviation of home phone.

Verb[edit]

h

  1. (stenoscript) Abbreviation of have and inflections having, had
    exception: hz 'has'

Etymology 3[edit]

Adjective[edit]

h (comparative more h, superlative most h)

  1. Alternative form of H

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Azerbaijani[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h lower case (upper case H)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Azerbaijani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Basque[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): (Southern) /at͡ʃe/, [a.t͡ʃe̞]
  • IPA(key): (Northern) /hat͡ʃe/, [ɦa.t͡ʃe̞]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the Basque alphabet, called hatxe and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Dutch[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Egyptian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

h
Z1		 pr

 m

  1. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: [Pyramid Texts to New Kingdom]
    1. courtyard
    2. room, hall

Inflection[edit]

Declension of h (masculine)
singular h
dual hwj
plural hw

Alternative forms[edit]

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of h  
h
Z1
hpr
Z1
hZ1prZ1
h
pr
h Z1
pr
h h h h h
[Pyramid and Coffin Texts] [Coffin Texts] [Coffin Texts]

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • “hʾ (lemma ID 97220)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎[1], Corpus issue 17, Web app version 2.01 edition, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–15 December 2022
  • Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎[2], volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 470.1–470.5
  • Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 156
  • van der Molen, Rami (2000) A Hieroglyphic Dictionary of Egyptian Coffin Texts, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 293

Esperanto[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The tenth letter of the Esperanto alphabet, called ho and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Estonian[edit]

Estonian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia et

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the Estonian alphabet, called haa or hašš and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Faroese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (upper case H)

  1. The ninth letter of the Faroese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Finnish[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. See the Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, and h for information on the development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the Finnish alphabet, called hoo and written in the Latin script.
Derived terms[edit]
compounds
See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

German musical notation.

Noun[edit]

h

  1. (music) B (note)
Usage notes[edit]

Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.

Declension[edit]
Declension of h (type maa)
singular plural
nominative h h:t
genitive h:n h:iden
h:itten
partitive h:ta h:ita
accusative h
h:n 		h:t
inessive h:ssa h:issa
elative h:sta h:ista
illative h:hon h:ihin
adessive h:lla h:illa
ablative h:lta h:ilta
allative h:lle h:ille
essive h:na h:ina
translative h:ksi h:iksi
abessive h:tta h:itta
instructive – h:in
comitative – h:ineen
Derived terms[edit]
compounds

French[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the French alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Derived terms[edit]

Symbol[edit]

h

  1. Used to indicate the hour in a time indication, either with or without following minutes.
    10h ― 10:00 a.m.
    20h30 ― 8:30 p.m.

Fula[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. A letter of the Fula alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

See also[edit]

German[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Letter[edit]

h

  1. the letter h, see H

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

h

  1. (common, not restricted to scientific usage) hour
    15:30 h
    3:30 p.m.
    (read out as: fünfzehn Uhr dreißig, or halb vier)

Gothic[edit]

Romanization[edit]

h

  1. Romanization of 𐌷

Hungarian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (phoneme): IPA(key): [ˈx]
  • (letter name): IPA(key): [ˈhaː]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The fourteenth letter of the Hungarian alphabet, called há and written in the Latin script.
  2. (music) Alternative form of H (“B”, the seventh note in the C major scale, its symbol in writing or in print, or the equivalent key of a piano or stop of a stringed instrument)
Declension[edit]
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative h h-k
accusative h-t h-kat
dative h-nak h-knak
instrumental h-val h-kkal
causal-final h-ért h-kért
translative h-vá h-kká
terminative h-ig h-kig
essive-formal h-ként h-kként
essive-modal — —
inessive h-ban h-kban
superessive h-n h-kon
adessive h-nál h-knál
illative h-ba h-kba
sublative h-ra h-kra
allative h-hoz h-khoz
elative h-ból h-kból
delative h-ról h-król
ablative h-tól h-któl
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		h-é h-ké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		h-éi h-kéi
Possessive forms of h
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. h-m h-im
2nd person sing. h-d h-id
3rd person sing. h-ja h-i
1st person plural h-nk h-ink
2nd person plural h-tok h-itok
3rd person plural h-juk h-ik
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]
  • B, b (“B-flat”)

Etymology 2[edit]

Abbreviation.

Pronunciation[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

h

  1. (Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of hogy (“that”).

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • (h [sound or letter]): h in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
  • (B in music): h in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Icelandic[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (letter name) IPA(key): /hauː/

Letter[edit]

h (upper case H)

  1. The tenth letter of the Icelandic alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Ido[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (context pronunciation) IPA(key): /h/
  • (letter name) IPA(key): /he/

Letter[edit]

h (upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the Ido alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Indonesian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the Indonesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Irish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Prefix[edit]

h

  1. marker of h-prothesis
    na habhann ― of the river
    fáilte go hÉirinn ― welcome to Ireland
    chomh hard le crann ― as tall as a tree

Italian[edit]

Letter[edit]

h f or m (invariable, lower case, upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the Italian alphabet, called acca and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Kashubian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Kashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, and h for development of the glyph itself.

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Kashubian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Latvian[edit]

Latvian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lv

Etymology[edit]

Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed by K. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in German Fraktur, and sporadically in Cyrillic.

Pronunciation[edit]

(file)

Letter[edit]

H

h (upper case H)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Latvian alphabet, called hā and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

The letter H/h (like F/f, and O/o representing [o], [oː] instead of [uə̯]) is found only in words of foreign origin (borrowings). Note that it represents the sound of IPA [x] (like German machen, ach), not (as in most other alphabets based on the Latin script) the sound of IPA [h].

See also[edit]

Livonian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (upper case H)

  1. The twelfth letter of the Livonian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Lower Sorbian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Silent in most native words.
  • IPA(key): (in most loanwords and some native words) /h/

Letter[edit]

h (upper case H)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Lower Sorbian alphabet, called ha and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Lushootseed[edit]

Letter[edit]

h

  1. The fourteenth letter of the Lushootseed alphabet, pronounced as a voiceless glottal fricative.

Malay[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the Malay alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Maltese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Continues Arabic ه (h). In pre-modern Maltese, h still produces the sound [h] as recorded by Agius de Soldanis (1750) and Mikel Anton Vassalli (1796). The early contemporary variant was first found in the dialect of lsien tal-bliet (“tongues of the cities”, referring to the cities around the Grand Harbour according to Vassalli) which eventually superceded the increasingly archaic [h] sound in the neighborhing areas.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (phoneme) IPA(key): /-/, /ː/, /j/, /w/, /ħ/
  • (phoneme) IPA(key): /h/, /ħ/ (archaic)

Letter[edit]

h (upper case H)

  1. The tenth letter of the Maltese alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

  • In contemporary Maltese, h remains a true consonant [ħ] in the following cases:
    • in word-final position or when being the last radical of a verb: ikrah [ˈɪkraħ], jixbhu [ˈjɪʃpħʊ];
    • before the negative ending -x: jarawhx [jaˈrawħʃ];
    • in the clusters -għh-, -ħh-, -hh-, which all become [ħħ].
  • Otherwise it is silent or leaves only a vocalic trace:
    • Following and preceding a, e, o are lengthened if stressed: hedded [ˈɛːddɛt], fehmet [ˈfɛːmɛt]. Other vowels are not affected.
    • In intervocalic position it is a glide, [j] after i, ie, and [w] after u: jibniha [jɪbˈnɪːja], inħobbuhom [ɪnħɔbˈbuːwɔm].
    • The sequence -aho- becomes [ɔː]: rahom [rɔːm]. The sequence -ehi- becomes [ɛj] or [ɛˈjiː]: ftehim [ftɛjm], [ftɛˈjiːm].
  • On the other hand in pre-modern Maltese dialects that preserved the guttaral sounds, h remained as a true consonant with the aspirated and soft sound of [h] in all positions except:
    • If word final h is an affixed pronoun: ħalluh [χal.lʊːħ], ħallih [χal.lɪːħ], fih [fɪːħ].
  • Phonotactically, word-initial h now generally behaves like a vowel, allowing contractions such as m’hemmx [mɛːmʃ]. However, word-internal h still behaves like a (virtual) consonant. Compare for example qablu [ˈʔablʊ] with qabilha [ʔaˈbɪla], which latter is formed as though the l were followed by a consonant.

See also[edit]

Norwegian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h

  1. The eighth letter of the Norwegian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

  • When written before j, the h becomes silent.

Nupe[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The tenth letter of the Nupe alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Polish[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the history of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, and h for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (phoneme) IPA(key): /x/, (dialectal) /h/; [ɣ], [ɦ] if voiced
  • (name of letter) IPA(key): /xa/

Letter[edit]

h (upper case H, lower case)

  1. The eleventh letter of the Polish alphabet, called ha and written in the Latin script.
Usage notes[edit]
  • Seemingly native words spelt with ⟨h⟩ (rather than ⟨ch⟩) are generally from Czech or other Slavic dialects. Otherwise ⟨h⟩ occurs in loanwords, especially from German. Some southern speakers distinguish between /x/ and /h/, but this is not part of standard Polish.
See also[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Derived from Latin hōra.

Noun[edit]

h f

  1. Abbreviation of godzina (“hour”).

Further reading[edit]

  • h in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • h in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Name: see agá

Letter:

  • in most words: silent
  • in expressive terms and recent loanwords: IPA(key): /h/, [h], [ɦ], [ʁ]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the Portuguese alphabet, called agá and written in the Latin script.
    1. silent letter used mainly in words derived from Latin, Greek and other Romance languages; word-initial only
      hoje, hábito, hipnose, hotel ― today, habit, hypnosis, hotel
      1. (chiefly obsolete) silent letter used word-medially in loanwords
        coherente (now coerente) ― coherent
      2. (obsolete except in given names) used in the Hellenistic digraphs th, ph and rh
        thesouro (now tesouro), phalange (now falange), rheumatismo (now reumatismo), Cynthia (alongside Cíntia) ― treasure, phalanx, rheumatism, Cynthia
      3. (obsolete except in given names) used in words perceived to be Hellenisms
        thesoura (now tesoura), Nathalia ― scissors, Natalie
    2. represents /h/ in most recent loanwords from other languages, most commonly English
      hardcore, hacker, hall
      hardcore punk, hacker, entry hall
    3. used in the digraphs ch, lh and nh, where it indicates a palatal or post-alveolar pronunciation
      cheio, alho, banho ― full, garlic, bath
    4. (obsolete) silent letter used word-initially in monosyllabic verbs with no attack
      hir (now ir), he (now é) ― to go, is
    5. silent letter used syllable-finally in some interjections
      ih! oh! ― uh oh! ooh!
    6. represents /h/ in some expressive terms
      hahaha! aham, hue hue ― hahaha! yep, hehehe
    7. (chiefly Internet slang) used as a replacement for the acute or circumflex accent, or silent infinitive -r, indicating stress
      eh (standard é), Feh (standard Fê), fazeh (standard fazer) ― is, a nickname, to do
    8. (obsolete except in the word Bahia) silent letter used to mark some hiatus
      sahir (now sair), bahia (now baía)
      to leave, bay

See also[edit]

Noun[edit]

h f (invariable)

  1. Abbreviation of hora.
    1. used to indicate time in relation to a 24-hour clock
      O evento é hoje, às 20h ― The event is today at 8 p.m.
      09h30 ― 09:30 a.m.
    2. used to indicate any sequence of time in hours
      O atleta completou a corrida em 1h20min45s ― The athlete completed the race in 1 hour, 21 minutes and 45 seconds

Usage notes[edit]

  • This abbreviation uses no spaces or points and must always follow a number (in its most common usage, a number between 0 and 23 to indicate the day's hours).
  • The abbreviation can be followed by a number between 00 and 59 to indicate the minutes of an hour (as in French). This can be optionally represented by another abbreviation: min.
    • Example: 15h30 or 15h30min, the first being much more common
  • min can be further followed by another abbreviation, s, to represent seconds.
    • Example: 20h43min08s

Romani[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. (International Standard) The tenth letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax) The eleventh letter of the Romani alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Romanian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The tenth letter of the Romanian alphabet, called haș, ha, or hî and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Scottish Gaelic[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the Scottish Gaelic alphabet, written in the Latin script. It is preceded by g and followed by i. Its traditional name is uath (“hawthorn”).

See also[edit]

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • H (uppercase)

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (Cyrillic spelling х)

  1. The 12th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded by g and followed by i.

Silesian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See the Silesian language article on Wikipedia for more, and h for development of the glyph itself.

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The tenth letter of the Silesian alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Skolt Sami[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (upper case H)

  1. The fifteenth letter of the Skolt Sami alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Slovene[edit]

Slovene Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sl

Alternative forms[edit]

See usage notes for both etymologies.

Etymology 1[edit]

From Gaj's Latin alphabet h, from Czech alphabet h, from Latin h. Pronunciation as /xə/ is initial Slovene (phoneme plus a fill vowel) and the second pronunciation is probably taken from German h.

Pronunciation[edit]

(phoneme) Pronunciation of h

• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): /x/, [ɣ], SNPT: /h/, [ɣ]
• (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): /x/, [ɣ], SNPT: /h/, [ɣ]

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

(letter name) Pronunciation of h [hə̀, há] (ə̏, ā)
• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [ˈxə̂], [ˈxâː], [ˈxǎː], SNPT: [hə̏], [hā]
• (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [ˈxə], [ˈxaː], SNPT: [hə̀], [hā],
Audio:(file)

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

Miscellaneous

• Rhymes: -ə, -aː ([ə̀], [á]) (non-tonal)
• Hyphenation: h
• Homophones: H, h, ha (tonal and non-tonal)


• Alpine Slavic (1000–1200 AD): *hə̀
    • Carinthian dialect plane: *hə̏
    • Veneitian–Karst dialect plane: *hə̏
    • Soča–Idrija dialect plane: *hə̏
    • Upper Carniolan dialect plane: *hə̏
    • Lower Carniolan dialect plane: *hə̏
    • Southern Styrian dialect plane: *hə̏
    • Northern Styrian dialect plane: *hə̏
    • Pannonian dialect plane: *hə̏

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The ninth letter of the Slovene alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  2. The fourteenth letter of the Resian alphabet, written in the Latin script.
  3. The tenth letter of the Natisone Valley dialect alphabet, written in the Latin script.
Usage notes[edit]

In Metelko alphabet, the phoneme was written by two different letters whether it was pronounced as velar /x/ or glottal /h/, a distinction irrelevant to nowadays standard and the distinction was also not used by all writers. Phoneme /h/ was written with 〈h〉, while /x/ was written with a yet to be encoded character .

Symbol[edit]

h

  1. (SNPT for Standard Slovene) Phonetic transcription of sound [x].
  2. (dialectal SNPT) Phonetic transcription of sounds [h, ħ].

Noun[edit]

h m inan or f

  1. The name of the Latin script letter H / h.
  2. (linguistics) The name of the phoneme /x/.
Inflection[edit]
  • Overall more common
First masculine declension (soft o-stem, inanimate) , fixed accent, -j- infix
nom. sing. h
gen. sing. h-ja
singular dual plural
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		h h-ja h-ji
genitive
rodȋlnik 		h-ja h-jev h-jev
dative
dajȃlnik 		h-ju, h-ji h-jema h-jem
accusative
tožȋlnik 		h h-ja h-je
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		h-ju, h-ji h-jih h-jih
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		h-jem h-jema h-ji
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		h h-ja h-ji
  • More common when with a definite adjective
Third masculine declension (no endings) , fixed accent
nom. sing. h
gen. sing. h
singular dual plural
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		h h h
genitive
rodȋlnik 		h h h
dative
dajȃlnik 		h h h
accusative
tožȋlnik 		h h h
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		h h h
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		h h h
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		h h h
  • Dialectal, in common written language used till 19th century
First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate) , -j- infix
nom. sing. h
gen. sing. h-ja
singular dual plural
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		h h-ja h-ji
genitive
rodȋlnik 		h-ja h-jov h-jov
dative
dajȃlnik 		h-ju, h-ji h-joma h-jom
accusative
tožȋlnik 		h h-ja h-je
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		h-ju, h-ji h-jih h-jih
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		h-jom h-joma h-ji
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		h h-ja h-ji
  • Rare
Third feminine declension (no endings) , fixed accent
nom. sing. h
gen. sing. h
singular dual plural
nominative
imenovȃlnik 		h h h
genitive
rodȋlnik 		h h h
dative
dajȃlnik 		h h h
accusative
tožȋlnik 		h h h
locative
mẹ̑stnik 		h h h
instrumental
orọ̑dnik 		h h h
(vocative)
(ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik) 		h h h

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Slavic *kъ 'to', which is itself probably from Proto-Indo-European *ku̯u 'where'. This form is a spirantization of k, which appeared to ease the pronunciation.

Pronunciation[edit]

(usually) Pronunciation of h

• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [x], [ɣ], SNPT: [h], [ɣ] (see also usage notes)
• (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [x], [ɣ], SNPT: [h], [ɣ] (see also usage notes)

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

(often colloquially or when trying to stress it, considered incorrect by Slovenski pravopis) Pronunciation of h [hə]

• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [xə], SNPT: [hə]
• (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [xə], SNPT: [hə]

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

(outside of original context) Pronunciation of h [hə̀] (ə̏)

• (Standard Slovene, tonal) IPA(key): [ˈxə́], SNPT: [hə̏]
• (Standard Slovene, non-tonal) IPA(key): [ˈxə], SNPT: [hə̀]

Note:different distinctions and accent shifts do not necessarily exclude other and most of them exist in both tonal and non-tonal Slovene.

Miscellaneous

• Rhymes: -ə ([-ə̀]) (non-tonal)
• Hyphenation: h
• Homophones: h, H (tonal and non-tonal)


• Alpine Slavic (1000–1200 AD): *k
    • Carinthian dialect plane: *k
    • Veneitian–Karst dialect plane: =*k
    • Soča–Idrija dialect plane: *k
    • Upper Carniolan dialect plane: *k
    • Lower Carniolan dialect plane: *k
    • Southern Styrian dialect plane: *k
    • Northern Styrian dialect plane: *k
    • Pannonian dialect plane: *k

Preposition[edit]

h

  1. (with dative, see usage notes) to, for
Usage notes[edit]

Preposition h is a form of preposition k that appears before words that start with /k/ or /ɡ/ while other form is used for all other words. In "correct" pronunciation, the preposition does not form its own syllable, but binds to the first syllable of the next word and has therefore two pronunciations: [x] if word starts with [k] and [ɣ] if word starts with [ɡ]. In colloquial speech, this form (or at least its pronunciation) are also used with words starting with other letters.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kenda-Jež, Karmen (2017 February 27) Fonetična trankripcija [Phonetic transcription]‎[3] (in Slovene), Znanstvenoraziskovalni center SAZU, Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša, archived from the original on January 22, 2022, pages 27–30

Further reading[edit]

  • “h”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): (letter name) /ˈat͡ʃe/ [ˈa.t͡ʃe]
  • Rhymes: -atʃe

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the Spanish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Derived terms[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the Swedish alphabet, written in the Latin script.

Noun[edit]

h

  1. (nonstandard, anglicism) Abbreviation of hour from English.
    Synonyms: timme, tim.
  2. (strictly technology) Abbreviation of hora from Latin.
    Synonyms: timme, tim.
  3. (music) B, note with a frequency close to 493.88 · 2n Hz
    Synonym: (anglicism) b

Tagalog[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Spanish h. Each pronunciation has a different source:

  • Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced by English h.
  • Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by Baybayin character ᜑ (ha).
  • Abecedario pronunciation is from Spanish h.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Hyphenation: h
  • (letter name, Filipino alphabet): IPA(key): /ˈʔejt͡ʃ/, [ˈʔɛɪ̯t͡ʃ]
  • (letter name, Abakada alphabet): IPA(key): /ha/, [hɐ]
  • (letter name, Abecedario): IPA(key): /ˈʔat͡ʃe/, [ˈʔa.t͡ʃɛ]
  • (phoneme): IPA(key): /h/, [h] (silent in Spanish unadapted loanwords)
  • Rhymes: -ejtʃ, -a, -atʃe

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H, Baybayin spelling ᜁᜌ᜔ᜆ᜔ᜐ᜔)

  1. The eighth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Filipino alphabet), called eyts and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H, Baybayin spelling ᜑ)

  1. The seventh letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Abakada alphabet), called ha and written in the Latin script.

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H, Baybayin spelling ᜀᜆ᜔ᜐᜒ)

  1. (historical) The ninth letter of the Tagalog alphabet (Abecedario), called hache and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

  • Over time, some of the loaned Spanish words still spelled with the silent ⟨h⟩ are spoken with /h/ due to spelling pronunciation, as people are becoming less aware of the letter being silent.

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • “h”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Turkish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (letter name) IPA(key): (standard) /ˈheː/, /ˈhaʃ/
  • (phoneme) IPA(key): /h/, [ç]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The tenth letter of the Turkish alphabet, called he and written in the Latin script.

Usage notes[edit]

  • See H.

See also[edit]

Turkmen[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (upper case H)

  1. The ninth letter of the Turkmen alphabet, called he and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Welsh[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Prefix[edit]

h

  1. marker of h-prothesis
    ei hiaith ― her language
    i’n heglwys ― to our church
    un ar hugain ― twenty-one

Yoruba[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The ninth letter of the Yoruba alphabet, called hí and written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

Zulu[edit]

Letter[edit]

h (lower case, upper case H)

  1. The eighth letter of the Zulu alphabet, written in the Latin script.

See also[edit]

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