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Poketalker (talk | contribs) →Etymology 1: Expanding, any connection to 一つ? more expansion needed |
Poketalker (talk | contribs) →Japanese: Expanding, "-to" is root from shift from "hito/futo"; more still needed |
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| Line 174: | Line 174: | ||
|goon=にん |
|goon=にん |
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|kanon=じん |
|kanon=じん |
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|kun=ひと-, り |
|kun=ひと-, り- |
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|nanori=じ, と, ね, ひこ, ふみ, |
|nanori=きよ, さね, じ, たみ, と, ね, ひこ, ひとし, ふと, ふみ, むと, め |
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}} |
}} |
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====Compounds==== |
====Compounds==== |
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{{der-top4|Compounds}} |
{{der-top4|Compounds}} |
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* {{ja-r|人影|じんえい |
* {{ja-r|人%影|じん%えい}} |
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* {{ja-r| |
* {{ja-r|人為|じんい}} |
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* {{ja-r|人 |
* {{ja-r|人%格|じん%かく}} |
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* {{ja-r|人 |
* {{ja-r|人間|じんかん}} |
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* {{ja-r|人格|じんかく}} |
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* {{ja-r|人語|じんご}} |
* {{ja-r|人語|じんご}} |
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* {{ja-r|人後|じんご}} |
* {{ja-r|人後|じんご}} |
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| Line 193: | Line 192: | ||
* {{ja-r|人行|じんこう}} |
* {{ja-r|人行|じんこう}} |
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* {{ja-r|人皇|じんこう}} |
* {{ja-r|人皇|じんこう}} |
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* {{ja-r|人材|じんざい}} |
* {{ja-r|人%材|じん%ざい}} |
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* {{ja-r|人事|じんじ}} |
* {{ja-r|人事|じんじ}} |
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* {{ja-r|人種|じんしゅ}} |
* {{ja-r|人種|じんしゅ}} |
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* {{ja-r|人 |
* {{ja-r|人心|じんしん}} |
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* {{ja-r|人身|じんしん}} |
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* {{ja-r|人% |
* {{ja-r|人%生|じん%せい}} |
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* {{ja-r|人生|じんせい}} |
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* {{ja-r|人選|じんせん}} |
* {{ja-r|人選|じんせん}} |
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* {{ja-r|人体|じんたい}} |
* {{ja-r|人%体|じん%たい}} |
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* {{ja-r|人道|じんどう}} |
* {{ja-r|人道|じんどう}} |
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* {{ja-r|人徳|じんとく}} |
* {{ja-r|人%徳|じん%とく}} |
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* {{ja-r|人物|じんぶつ}} |
* {{ja-r|人%物|じん%ぶつ}} |
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{{der-mid4}} |
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* {{ja-r|人望|じんぼう}} |
* {{ja-r|人望|じんぼう}} |
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* {{ja-r|人名|じんめい}} |
* {{ja-r|人%名|じん%めい}} |
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* {{ja-r|人命|じんめい}} |
* {{ja-r|人%命|じん%めい}} |
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* {{ja-r|人類|じんるい}} |
* {{ja-r|人%類|じん%るい}} |
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* {{ja-r|人 |
* {{ja-r|人和|じんわ}} |
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* {{ja-r|人気|にんき}} |
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* {{ja-r|人間|にんげ |
* {{ja-r|人間|にんげん}} |
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* {{ja-r|人魚|にんぎょ}} |
* {{ja-r|人魚|にんぎょ}} |
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* {{ja-r|人形|にんぎょう|[[doll]]}} |
* {{ja-r|人形|にんぎょう|[[doll]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|人称|にんしょう}}, {{ja-r|人稱|にんしょう}} |
* {{ja-r|人称|にんしょう|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|人稱|にんしょう}} |
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* {{ja-r|人参|ニンジン|[[carrot]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|人数|にんずう}} |
* {{ja-r|人数|にんずう}} |
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* {{ja-r|人相|にんそう}} |
* {{ja-r|人相|にんそう}} |
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* {{ja-r|人 |
* {{ja-r|悪%人|あく%にん}} |
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* {{ja-r|人柄|ひとがら}} |
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* {{ja-r|人質|ひとじち}} |
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* {{ja-r|人魂|ひとだま}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%手|ひと%で}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%出|ひと%で}} |
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* {{ja-r|人前|ひとまえ}}, {{ja-r|人前|にんまえ}} |
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* {{ja-r|人並|ひとなみ}} |
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* {{ja-r|人波|ひとなみ}} |
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* {{ja-r|悪人|あくにん}} |
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* {{ja-r|偉人|いじん}} |
* {{ja-r|偉人|いじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|異人|いじん}} |
* {{ja-r|異人|いじん}} |
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{{der-mid4}} |
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* {{ja-r|歌人|かじん}} |
* {{ja-r|歌人|かじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|家人|かじん}} |
* {{ja-r|家人|かじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|佳人|かじん}} |
* {{ja-r|佳人|かじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|華人|かじん}} |
* {{ja-r|華人|かじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|外人|がいじん}} |
* {{ja-r|外%人|がい%じん}} |
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* {{ja-r|官人|かんじん}}, {{ja-r|官人|かんにん |
* {{ja-r|官人|かんじん}}, {{ja-r|官人|かんにん}} |
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* {{ja-r|漢人|かんじん}} |
* {{ja-r|漢人|かんじん}} |
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* {{ja-r| |
* {{ja-r|客%人|きゃく%じん}} |
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* {{ja-r|客人|きゃくじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|求人|きゅうじん}} |
* {{ja-r|求人|きゅうじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|旧人|きゅうじん}} |
* {{ja-r|旧人|きゅうじん}} |
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| Line 247: | Line 236: | ||
* {{ja-r|詩人|しじん}} |
* {{ja-r|詩人|しじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|私人|しじん}} |
* {{ja-r|私人|しじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|舎人|しゃじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|証人|しょうにん}} |
* {{ja-r|証人|しょうにん}} |
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* {{ja-r|商人|しょうにん}} |
* {{ja-r|商人|しょうにん}} |
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* {{ja-r|新人|しんじん}} |
* {{ja-r|新人|しんじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|成人|せいじん}} |
* {{ja-r|成%人|せい%じん}} |
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* {{ja-r|聖%人|せい%じん}} |
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{{der-mid4}} |
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* {{ja-r| |
* {{ja-r|星%人|せい%じん}} |
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* {{ja-r|星人|せいじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|前人|ぜんじん}} |
* {{ja-r|前人|ぜんじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|善人|ぜんにん}} |
* {{ja-r|善人|ぜんにん}} |
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* {{ja-r|達人|たつじん}} |
* {{ja-r|達%人|たつ%じん}} |
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* |
* {{ja-r|旅人|りょじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|党人|とうじん}} |
* {{ja-r|党人|とうじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|唐人|とうじん}} |
* {{ja-r|唐人|とうじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|俳人|はいじん}} |
* {{ja-r|俳%人|は%いじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|廃人|はいじん}} |
* {{ja-r|廃%人|はい%じん}} |
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* {{ja-r|非人|ひにん}} |
* {{ja-r|非人|ひにん}} |
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* {{ja-r|防人|ぼうじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|魔人|まじん}} |
* {{ja-r|魔人|まじん}} |
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* {{ja-r|無人|ぶじん}}, {{ja-r|無人|ぶにん}}, {{ja-r|無人|むじん}}, {{ja-r|無人|むにん}} |
* {{ja-r|無人|ぶじん}}, {{ja-r|無人|ぶにん}}, {{ja-r|無人|むじん}}, {{ja-r|無人|むにん}} |
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* {{ja-r|軍人|ぐんじん|[[serviceman]], [[member]] of the [[military]]}} |
* {{ja-r|軍人|ぐんじん|[[serviceman]], [[member]] of the [[military]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|浪人|ろうにん}} |
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* {{ja-r|老人|ろうじん}} |
* {{ja-r|老人|ろうじん}} |
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* {{ja-r| |
* {{ja-r|代%理人|だい%りにん}} |
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* {{ja-r|代%理%人|だい%り%にん}} |
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* {{ja-r|一%人|ひと%り}} |
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* {{ja-r|二%人|ふた%り}} |
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* {{ja-r|三人|さんにん}} |
* {{ja-r|三人|さんにん}} |
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* {{ja-r| |
* {{ja-r|海人|あま}} |
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* {{ja-r|大人|うし}} |
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* {{ja-r|大人|おとな}} |
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* {{ja-r|防人|さきもり}} |
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* {{ja-r|舎人|とねり}} |
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* {{ja-r|海人草|マグリ}} |
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* {{ja-r|人和|レンホー}} |
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{{der-bottom}} |
{{der-bottom}} |
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| Line 307: | Line 301: | ||
=====Usage notes===== |
=====Usage notes===== |
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* When scientifically referring to humans, this term is often spelled in katakana, as {{m|ja|ヒト}}. |
* When scientifically referring to humans, this term is often spelled in katakana, as {{m|ja|ヒト}}. |
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* From {{w|Old Japanese}} or {{w|Middle Japanese}} development, ''hito'' is sometimes shifted to ''-uto'', ''-udo'', ''-to'', ''-tto'', or ''-do''. |
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=====Derived terms===== |
=====Derived terms===== |
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{{der- |
{{der-top3}} |
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* {{ja-r|人々|ひとびと|[[people]]}} |
* {{ja-r|人%人|ひと%びと|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|人々|ひとびと|[[people]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%垣|ひと%がき}} |
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* {{ja-r|人影|ひとかげ|[[figure]] or [[shadow]] of a [[person]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%柄|ひと%がら}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%気|ひと%け}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%心|ひと%ごころ}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%質|ひと%じち}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%魂|ひと%だま}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%伝|ひと%づて}} |
* {{ja-r|人%伝|ひと%づて}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%手|ひと%で}} |
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** {{ja-r|海星|ヒトデ|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|海盤車|ヒトデ|[[starfish]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%出|ひと%で}} |
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* {{ja-r|為人|ひととなり}} |
* {{ja-r|為人|ひととなり}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%並|ひと%なみ|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|人%並み|ひと%なみ}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%波|ひと%なみ}} |
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* {{ja-r|人の世|ひと の よ}}: [[this]] [[world]], the world of humans {{qualifier|as opposed to the world of the gods}} |
* {{ja-r|人の世|ひと の よ}}: [[this]] [[world]], the world of humans {{qualifier|as opposed to the world of the gods}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%前|ひと%まえ}} |
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* {{ja-r|人%身|ひと%み}} |
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* {{ja-r|商人|あきゅうど}}, {{ja-r|商人|あきんど|[[trader]], [[shopkeeper]], [[merchant]]}} |
* {{ja-r|商人|あきゅうど}}, {{ja-r|商人|あきんど|[[trader]], [[shopkeeper]], [[merchant]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|弟|おとうと|younger [[brother]]}} |
* {{ja-r|弟|おとうと|younger [[brother]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|首|おびと}}: a [[chief]] or [[boss]]; a [[clan]] in ancient Japan |
* {{ja-r|首|おびと}}: a [[chief]] or [[boss]]; a [[clan]] in ancient Japan |
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* {{ja-r|狩人|かりゅうど|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|猟人|かりゅうど}} |
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* {{ja-r|玄人|くろうと|[[expert]], [[professional]]}} |
* {{ja-r|玄人|くろうと|[[expert]], [[professional]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|蔵人|くろうど}} |
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* {{ja-r|恋%人|こい%びと}} |
* {{ja-r|恋%人|こい%びと}} |
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* {{ja-r|妹|いもうと|younger [[sister]]}} |
* {{ja-r|妹|いもうと|younger [[sister]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|姑|しゅうと|[[mother-in-law]]}} |
* {{ja-r|姑|しゅうと|[[mother-in-law]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|素人|しろうと|[[amateur]], [[novice]]}} |
* {{ja-r|素人|しろうと|[[amateur]], [[novice]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|旅人|たびびと}} |
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* {{ja-r|官%人|つかさ%びと}} |
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* {{ja-r|仲人|なこうど|[[go-between]], [[matchmaker]]}} |
* {{ja-r|仲人|なこうど|[[go-between]], [[matchmaker]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|隼%人|はや%ひと}}, {{ja-r|隼人|はやと}} |
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* {{ja-r|真%人|ま%ひと}}, {{ja-r|真人|まとうど}}, {{ja-r|真人|もうと}}: a [[clan]] in ancient Japan; a [[noble]]; someone who is very [[honest]] and [[straightforward]] |
* {{ja-r|真%人|ま%ひと}}, {{ja-r|真人|まとうど}}, {{ja-r|真人|もうと}}: a [[clan]] in ancient Japan; a [[noble]]; someone who is very [[honest]] and [[straightforward]] |
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* {{ja-r|客人|まろうど|[[visitor]], [[guest]]}} |
* {{ja-r|客人|まろうど|[[visitor]], [[guest]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|召人|めしゅうど}} |
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* {{ja-r|囚人|めしゅうど|[[prisoner]]}} |
* {{ja-r|囚人|めしゅうど|[[prisoner]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|寄%人|より%びと}}, {{ja-r|寄人|よりゅうど}} |
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* {{ja-r|若人|わこうど}} |
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{{der-bottom}} |
{{der-bottom}} |
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====Pronoun==== |
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{{ja-pos|pronoun|ひと}} |
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# ''[[second-person]] [[personal pronoun]]'': [[you]] |
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===Etymology 2=== |
===Etymology 2=== |
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{{ja-kanjitab|yomi= |
{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=goon|にん}} |
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From {{etyl|ltc|ja|sort=にん}} {{m|ltc|人|tr=nyin||person}}. The [[呉音#Japanese|goon]], so likely the earlier borrowing. |
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From {{bor|ja|ltc|sort=にん|-}} {{ltc-l|人}}. The {{m|ja|呉音|tr=goon|lit=[[Wu]] [[sound]]}}, so likely the earlier or initial borrowing from Middle Chinese. |
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{{rfe|ja|sort=にん|Explain [[nasal]] basis for ''goon'' reading/borrowing}} |
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====Pronunciation==== |
====Pronunciation==== |
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{{ja-pron|yomi=goon|にん}} |
{{ja-pron|yomi=goon|にん}} |
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====Noun==== |
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{{ja-noun|にん}} |
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# a [[personality]] |
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# the [[role]] of that [[person]] |
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=====Derived terms===== |
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* {{ja-r|人%前|にん%まえ}} |
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* {{ja-r|旅%人|たび%にん}} |
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====Counter==== |
====Counter==== |
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{{ja-pos|counter|にん}} |
{{ja-pos|counter|にん}} |
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# [[people]] |
# ''[[counter]] for [[number]] of [[people]]'' |
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====Derived terms==== |
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{{der-top}} |
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* {{ja-r|二人|ににん}} |
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* {{ja-r|三人|さんにん}} |
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* {{ja-r|五人|ごにん}} |
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* {{ja-r|七%人|しち%にん}} |
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* {{ja-r|八%人|はち%にん}} |
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* {{ja-r|十人|じゅうにん}} |
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{{der-bottom}} |
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=====Usage notes===== |
=====Usage notes===== |
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The ''nin'' reading is used when counting three |
The ''-nin'' reading is commonly used when counting three or more people. When counting one or two persons as in {{m|ja|一人|tr=hitori||one person}} or {{m|ja|二人|tr=futari||two people}}, the reading is {{m|ja|り|tr=-ri}} or {{m|ja|たり|tr=-tari}}. |
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====Affix==== |
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{{ja-pos|affix|にん}} |
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# [[man]] |
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===Etymology 3=== |
===Etymology 3=== |
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{{ja-kanjitab|じん|yomi= |
{{ja-kanjitab|じん|yomi=kanon}} |
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From {{etyl|ltc|ja|sort=にん}} {{m|ltc|人|tr=nyin||person}}. The [[漢音#Japanese|kan'on]], so likely a later borrowing. |
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From {{bor|ja|ltc|-}} {{ltc-l|人}}. The {{m|ja|漢音|tr=kan'on|lit=[[Han]] [[sound]]}}, so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese. |
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{{rfe|ja|Explain [[plosive]] basis for ''kan'on'' reading/borrowing}} |
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====Pronunciation==== |
====Pronunciation==== |
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| Line 354: | Line 407: | ||
{{ja-pos|suffix|じん}} |
{{ja-pos|suffix|じん}} |
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# [[person]] from that group |
# [[person]] from that [[group]] |
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#: {{ja-usex|[[アジア]]'''人'''、[[イギリス]]'''人'''、[[スペイン]]'''人'''、[[ドイツ]]'''人'''、[[アメリカ]]'''人'''、[[スコットランド]]'''人'''|^アジア'''じん'''、 ^イギリス'''じん'''、 ^スペイン'''じん'''、 ^ドイツ'''じん'''、 ^アメリカ'''じん'''、 ^スコットランド'''じん'''|an Asian, an Englishman, a Spaniard, a German, an American, a Scot}} |
#: {{ja-usex|[[アジア]]'''人'''、[[イギリス]]'''人'''、[[スペイン]]'''人'''、[[ドイツ]]'''人'''、[[アメリカ]]'''人'''、[[スコットランド]]'''人'''|^アジア'''じん'''、 ^イギリス'''じん'''、 ^スペイン'''じん'''、 ^ドイツ'''じん'''、 ^アメリカ'''じん'''、 ^スコットランド'''じん'''|an [[Asian]], an [[Englishman]], a [[Spaniard]], a [[German]], an [[American]], a [[Scot]]}} |
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# person who |
# [[person]] who [[do]]es the [[activity]] of the suffixed word |
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=====Derived terms===== |
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* {{ja-r|外%国%人|がい%こく%じん|[[foreigner]]}} |
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* {{ja-r|閑人|ひまじん|rom=-}}, {{ja-r|暇人|ひまじん|man of [[leisure]]}} |
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====Affix==== |
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{{ja-pos|affix|じん}} |
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# [[man]] |
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# {{short for|lang=ja|人造|tr=jinzō|nodot=1}}: [[artificial]], [[synthetic]] |
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===Etymology 4=== |
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{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=i}} |
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Possibly a shift from ''-tari'' below. |
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====Counter==== |
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{{ja-pos|counter|り}} |
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# ''[[counter]] for [[number]] of [[people]]'' |
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=====Derived terms===== |
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* {{ja-r|一人|ひとり}}, {{ja-r|独り|ひとり}} |
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* {{ja-r|二人|ふたり}} |
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* {{ja-r|五人|いとり}} |
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===Etymology 4=== |
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{{ja-kanjitab|yomi=i}} |
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{{rfe|ja}} |
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====Counter==== |
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{{ja-pos|counter|たり}} |
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# ''[[counter]] for [[number]] of [[people]]'' |
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=====Derived terms===== |
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{{der-top}} |
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* {{ja-r|二人|ふたり}} |
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* {{ja-r|三人|みたり}} |
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* {{ja-r|四人|よたり}}, {{ja-r|四人|よったり}} |
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* {{ja-r|五人|いつたり}} |
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* {{ja-r|六人|むたり}} |
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* {{ja-r|八人|やたり}} |
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{{der-bottom}} |
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===References=== |
===References=== |
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Revision as of 02:40, 31 January 2019
Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| |||
Alternative forms
- 亻 (when used as a left radical)
Han character
人 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 人 (O), four-corner 80000, composition ⿸丿乀)
- Kangxi radical #9, ⼈.
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 91, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 344
- Dae Jaweon: page 190, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 101, character 10
- Unihan data for U+4EBA
Chinese
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 人 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Odd character | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | Transcribed ancient scripts | Transcribed ancient scripts | Transcribed ancient scripts | Clerical script | Regular script | Ming typeface | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Pictogram (象形) – side view of a standing man, highlighting the arms and legs. Compare 大.
Etymology 1
| simp. and trad. |
人 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | ||
Unknown.
Sagart (1999) relates it to Tibetan ཉེན (nyen, “relative”), from ཉེ (nye, “near”) + nominalizing suffix -n; if so, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-naːj ~ *s-nej (“near”).
Schuessler (2007) proposes two etymologies:
- Same etymon as 仁 (OC *njin, “to be kind; to be good”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/k-niŋ (“heart; brain; mind”). The semantic association of 仁 with 人 was somewhat late, in Mencius' time; later on, 仁 would be usually interpreted as "humane, acting like a human being".
- Related to Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɲaʔ ~ *ɲah (“person”) with a nominalizing suffix -n, possibly from the auto-ethnonym of a hostile, possibly Austroasiatic-speaking, eastern people, whom the Sinitic-speaking Shang referred to as 人方 (OC *njin paŋ).
Pronunciation
Definitions
- man; person; people (Classifier: 個／个 m c; 隻／只 h)
- human being (Homo sapiens)
- body
- everybody; everyone
- physical, psychological or moral quality or condition; character; personality
- a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er
- manpower; worker; employee
- † talent; person of talent
- † other people; others
- 人云亦云 ― rényún yìyún ― to follow the crowd (lit. to say what others say)
- † common people; commoner
- † adult; grown-up
- † reason; cause
- † sexual intercourse
- † company; companion; friend
- † artificial; man-made
- † mortal; bodily; earthly
- † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 仁 (rén, “kernel”).
- † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 仁 (rén, “charity”).
- † (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 仁 (rén, “loving; kind”).
- (Beijing Mandarin) Lenition of 人家 (rénjia).
- (Taishanese) paternal grandmother
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 人 (“man; person”) [map]
Descendants
Compounds
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Etymology 2
| simp. and trad. |
人 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 儂／侬 𠆧 | |
The Min native word for “person”; used as a replacement character for 儂／侬. Use of 人 is recommended by Taiwan's Ministry of Education.
Pronunciation 1
Definitions
(deprecated template usage) 人 (coastal Min)
- man; person; people; human being; Homo sapiens (Classifier: 個／个 mn; 隻／只 md)
- a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er
- 臺灣人／台湾人 [Hokkien] ― Tâi-oân-lâng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Taiwanese
- physical, psychological or moral quality or condition
- 伊人袂䆀。 [Hokkien] ― I lâng bē-bái. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― He is kind. (literally, “His personality is not bad.”)
Pronunciation 2
Definitions
(deprecated template usage) 人 (Min)
Japanese
Kanji
人
Readings
- Go-on: にん (nin, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: じん (jin, Jōyō)
- Kun: ひと (hito, 人, Jōyō); り (ri, 人)
- Nanori: きよ (kiyo); さね (sane); じ (ji); たみ (tami); と (to); ね (ne); ひこ (hiko); ひとし (hitoshi); ふと (futo); ふみ (fumi); むと (muto); め (me)
Compounds
Compounds
- 人影 (jin'ei)
- 人為 (jin'i)
- 人格 (jinkaku)
- 人間 (jinkan)
- 人語 (jingo)
- 人後 (jingo)
- 人権 (jinken)
- 人口 (jinkō)
- 人工 (jinkō)
- 人孔 (jinkō, “manhole”)
- 人行 (jinkō)
- 人皇 (jinkō)
- 人材 (jinzai)
- 人事 (jinji)
- 人種 (jinshu)
- 人心 (jinshin)
- 人身 (jinshin)
- 人生 (jinsei)
- 人選 (jinsen)
- 人体 (jintai)
- 人道 (jindō)
- 人徳 (jintoku)
- 人物 (jinbutsu)
- 人望 (jinbō)
- 人名 (jinmei)
- 人命 (jinmei)
- 人類 (jinrui)
- 人和 (jinwa)
- 人気 (ninki)
- 人間 (ningen)
- 人魚 (ningyo)
- 人形 (ningyō, “doll”)
- 人称, 人稱 (ninshō)
- 人参 (ninjin, “carrot”)
- 人数 (ninzū)
- 人相 (ninsō)
- 悪人 (akunin)
- 偉人 (ijin)
- 異人 (ijin)
- 歌人 (kajin)
- 家人 (kajin)
- 佳人 (kajin)
- 華人 (kajin)
- 外人 (gaijin)
- 官人 (kanjin), 官人 (kannin)
- 漢人 (kanjin)
- 客人 (kyakujin)
- 求人 (kyūjin)
- 旧人 (kyūjin)
- 狂人 (kyōjin)
- 吾人 (gojin)
- 後人 (kōjin)
- 公人 (kōjin)
- 工人 (kōjin)
- 詩人 (shijin)
- 私人 (shijin)
- 舎人 (shajin)
- 証人 (shōnin)
- 商人 (shōnin)
- 新人 (shinjin)
- 成人 (seijin)
- 聖人 (seijin)
- 星人 (seijin)
- 前人 (zenjin)
- 善人 (zennin)
- 達人 (tatsujin)
- 旅人 (ryojin)
- 党人 (tōjin)
- 唐人 (tōjin)
- 俳人 (haijin)
- 廃人 (haijin)
- 非人 (hinin)
- 防人 (bōjin)
- 魔人 (majin)
- 無人 (bujin), 無人 (bunin), 無人 (mujin), 無人 (munin)
- 軍人 (gunjin, “serviceman, member of the military”)
- 浪人 (rōnin)
- 老人 (rōjin)
- 代理人 (dairinin)
- 三人 (sannin)
- 海人 (ama)
- 大人 (ushi)
- 大人 (otona)
- 防人 (sakimori)
- 舎人 (toneri)
- 海人草 (maguri)
- 人和 (renhō)
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 人 |
| ひと Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
⟨pi1to2⟩ → */pʲitə/ → /fito/ → /hito/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pitə.
Pronunciation
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Noun
- a person, human
- 2004 June 4, “レオニンの[従](じゅう)[者](しゃ) [Leonin Squire]”, in フィフス・ドーン [Fifth Dawn], Wizards of the Coast:
- 私は王かもしれないが、兵士や人々なくしては、私は何者でもないのだ。
- Watashi wa ō kamo shirenai ga, heishi ya hitobito naku shite wa, watashi wa nanimono demo nai no da.
- I may be king, but without my soldiers and my people, I am nobody.
- 私は王かもしれないが、兵士や人々なくしては、私は何者でもないのだ。
- Watashi wa ō kamo shirenai ga, heishi ya hitobito naku shite wa, watashi wa nanimono demo nai no da.
- I may be king, but without my soldiers and my people, I am nobody.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- an individual
- Synonym: 個人 (kojin)
- mankind, people
- character, personality
- an average person
- Synonym: 世人 (sejin, yohito)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}. - (law) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}. - This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}. - an adult
- someone (else)
Usage notes
- When scientifically referring to humans, this term is often spelled in katakana, as ヒト.
- From Old Japanese or Middle Japanese development, hito is sometimes shifted to -uto, -udo, -to, -tto, or -do.
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 人人, 人々 (hitobito, “people”)
- 人垣 (hitogaki)
- 人影 (hitokage, “figure or shadow of a person”)
- 人柄 (hitogara)
- 人気 (hitoke)
- 人心 (hitogokoro)
- 人質 (hitojichi)
- 人魂 (hitodama)
- 人伝 (hitozute)
- 人手 (hitode)
- 人出 (hitode)
- 為人 (hitotonari)
- 人並, 人並み (hitonami)
- 人波 (hitonami)
- 人の世 (hito no yo): this world, the world of humans (as opposed to the world of the gods)
- 人前 (hitomae)
- 人身 (hitomi)
- 商人 (akyūdo), 商人 (akindo, “trader, shopkeeper, merchant”)
- 弟 (otōto, “younger brother”)
- 首 (obito): a chief or boss; a clan in ancient Japan
- 狩人, 猟人 (karyūdo)
- 玄人 (kurōto, “expert, professional”)
- 蔵人 (kurōdo)
- 恋人 (koibito)
- 妹 (imōto, “younger sister”)
- 舅 (shūto, “father-in-law”)
- 姑 (shūto, “mother-in-law”)
- 素人 (shirōto, “amateur, novice”)
- 旅人 (tabibito)
- 官人 (tsukasabito)
- 仲人 (nakōdo, “go-between, matchmaker”)
- 隼人 (hayahito), 隼人 (hayato)
- 真人 (mahito), 真人 (matōdo), 真人 (mōto): a clan in ancient Japan; a noble; someone who is very honest and straightforward
- 客人 (marōdo, “visitor, guest”)
- 召人 (meshūdo)
- 囚人 (meshūdo, “prisoner”)
- 寄人 (yoribito), 寄人 (yoryūdo)
- 若人 (wakōdo)
Pronoun
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 人 |
| にん Grade: 1 |
| goon |
From Middle Chinese 人 (MC nyin). The 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound”), so likely the earlier or initial borrowing from Middle Chinese.
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Explain nasal basis for goon reading/borrowing”)
Pronunciation
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Noun
- a personality
- the role of that person
Derived terms
Counter
Derived terms
Usage notes
The -nin reading is commonly used when counting three or more people. When counting one or two persons as in 一人 (hitori, “one person”) or 二人 (futari, “two people”), the reading is り (-ri) or たり (-tari).
Affix
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 人 |
| じん Grade: 1 |
| kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 人 (MC nyin). The 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”), so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese.
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Explain plosive basis for kan'on reading/borrowing”)
Pronunciation
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Suffix
Derived terms
Affix
- man
- (deprecated use of
|lang=parameter) Short for 人造 (jinzō): artificial, synthetic
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 人 |
| Grade: 1 |
| irregular |
Possibly a shift from -tari below.
Counter
Derived terms
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 人 |
| Grade: 1 |
| irregular |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Counter
Derived terms
Derived terms
References
Korean
Hanja
Noun
人 • (in) (counter 人, hangeul 인)
Compounds
Kunigami
Kanji
人
Pronunciation
- (deprecated use of
|lang=parameter) IPA(key): /t͡ɕuː/
Noun
Miyako
Kanji
人
Pronunciation
- (deprecated use of
|lang=parameter) IPA(key): /pˢɨtu/
Noun
人 (hiragana ぴぃとぅ, romaji psïtu)
Okinawan
Kanji
人
Pronunciation
- (deprecated use of
|lang=parameter) IPA(key): /t̚t͡ɕu/
Noun
Vietnamese
Han character
人: Hán Việt readings: nhân (
人: Nôm readings: nhơn[1][2][3][4], nhân[1][4], người[1]
Noun
人
- Template:abb (only in handwriting)
- con 人 ― con người ― a person
Alternative forms
- ǹg (only in handwriting)
References
Yaeyama
Kanji
人
Pronunciation
- (deprecated use of
|lang=parameter) IPA(key): /pɨtu/
Noun
人 (hiragana ぴぃとぅ, romaji pïtu)
Yonaguni
Kanji
人
Pronunciation
- (deprecated use of
|lang=parameter) IPA(key): /tˀu/
Noun
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- zh:Hominids
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- Japanese kanji with nanori reading さね
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- Japanese kanji with nanori reading たみ
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