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* {{a|GA}} {{IPA|en|/ɪs/}} |
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* {{a|NZ}} {{IPA|en|/ɘz/}} |
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Revision as of 05:26, 23 February 2022
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English is, from Old English is, from Proto-Germanic *isti (a form of Proto-Germanic *wesaną (“to be”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“is”). Cognate with West Frisian is (“is”), Dutch is (“is”), German ist (“is”), Afrikaans is (“am, are, is”) Old Swedish är, er, Old Norse er, es.
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 331: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "GA" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ɪs/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 331: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "UK" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ɪz/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 331: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "NZ" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ɘz/
Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -ɪz
Verb
is
- third-person singular simple present indicative of be
- He is a doctor.
- 1999 January 8, Ken Starr, quoting Bill Clinton, Referral from Independent Counsel Kenneth W. Starr in Conformity with the Requirements of Title 28, United States Code, Section 595(c) (Starr Report)[1], Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, retrieved 14 February 2020, page 176:
- "It depends on what the meaning of the word 'is' is."
- 2012, Robert Moore, Where the Gold is Buried, a legend of Old Fort Niagara (→ISBN), page 137:
- "It's not two weeks yet," I reminded her, hoping that might somehow cheer her. [...] "Tomorrow is two weeks," Ruth said in a distant voice, staring into the flames.
- (now colloquial) Used in phrases with existential there when the semantic subject is a third-person plural.
- There is three of them there.
- c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii], page 141, column 2:
- Ber. There is five in the firſt ſhew, / Ken. You are deceiued, tis not so.
Quotations
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:is.
Alternative forms
Synonyms
Derived terms
See also
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 331: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "UK" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /aɪz/
- Rhymes: -aɪz
Noun
is
Usage notes
- Opinions vary regarding the use of apostrophes when forming the plurals of letters of the alphabet. New Fowler's Modern English Usage, after noting that the usage has changed, states on page 602 that "after letters an apostrophe is obligatory." The 15th edition of The Chicago Manual of Style states in paragraph 7.16, "To avoid confusion, lowercase letters ... form the plural with an apostrophe and an s". The Oxford Style Manual on page 116 advocates the use of common sense.
Anagrams
Afar
Pronunciation
Pronoun
ís
See also
References
- E. M. Parker, R. J. Hayward (1985) “is”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN
- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[2], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)
Afrikaans
Pronunciation
Verb
is
- am, are, is (present tense, all persons, plural and singular of wees, to be)
- Forms the perfect passive voice when followed by a past participle
Bagusa
Noun
is
References
- Mark Donohue, Syntactic and Lexical Factors Conditioning the Diffusion of Sound Change, Oceanic Linguistics 44 (2005), page 428
Catalan
Noun
is
Cimbrian
Pronoun
is
- (Sette Comuni) Alternative form of es (“it”)
References
“is” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
Danish
Etymology
From Old Norse íss, from Proto-Germanic *īsą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyH-.
Pronunciation
Noun
is c (singular definite isen, plural indefinite is)
- (uncountable) ice (water in frozen form)
- (uncountable) ice, ice cream (dessert, not necessarily containing cream)
- (countable) ice, ice cream (ice dessert on a stick or in a wafer cone)
Inflection
Dutch
Pronunciation
Verb
is
- (deprecated template usage) third-person singular present indicative of zijn; is, equals
- Twaalf min drie is negen — twelve minus three equals nine
Adverb
is
Anagrams
Gothic
Romanization
is
- Romanization of 𐌹𐍃
Hungarian
Etymology
Pronunciation
Adverb
is (not comparable) (clitic)
- also, too, as well
- Synonyms: szintén, ugyancsak, úgyszintén, éppúgy, (formal; the others are relatively literary in style) szintúgy
- Én is szeretem a csokit. ― I, too, like chocolate (aside from other people).
- (Én) a csokit is szeretem. ― I also like chocolate (aside from other things).
- even, up to, as much as, as long as
- Három óráig is tarthat a műtét ― The operation may even take three hours.
- (after an interrogative word) again (used in a question to ask something one has forgotten)
- Hogy is hívják? ― What's that called, again?
Usage notes
When it is used with a concessive adverb (“no matter what/who/when” etc.), it is traditionally placed after the verb, though it is becoming more common to use it after the adverb instead:
- (traditionally, chiefly in literary style) Bármilyen hosszúra nyúlt is az előadás,…
(more recently) Bármilyen hosszúra is nyúlt az előadás,…- No matter how long the lecture/performance stretched,…
Derived terms
See also
- egyaránt (“equally, alike”)
Further reading
- is in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Irish
Etymology 1
From agus.
Pronunciation
Conjunction
is
- reduced form of agus (“and; as”)
- Dia is Muire duit.
- Hello to you, too. (lit. God and Virgin Mary to you.)
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 1:
- wil nə fatī xō mŭȧ, s dūŕc šē?
- conventional orthography: An bhfuil na fataí chomh maith is dúirt sé?
- Are the potatoes as good as he said?
- conventional orthography: An bhfuil na fataí chomh maith is dúirt sé?
- wil nə fatī xō mŭȧ, s dūŕc šē?
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 1:
- ə ʒēĺǵə, l̄aurīr ə gūǵə mūn, ńī h-ønn̥̄ ī s ə ʒēlgə š agń̥ə
- conventional orthography: An Ghaeilge a labhraíthear i gCúige Mumhan, ní hionann í is an Ghaeilge seo againne.
- The Irish used in Munster isn’t the same as our Irish.
- conventional orthography: An Ghaeilge a labhraíthear i gCúige Mumhan, ní hionann í is an Ghaeilge seo againne.
- ə ʒēĺǵə, l̄aurīr ə gūǵə mūn, ńī h-ønn̥̄ ī s ə ʒēlgə š agń̥ə
Etymology 2
From Old Irish is (“is”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɪsˠ/, /sˠ/ (before nouns and adjectives)
- IPA(key): /ʃ/ (before the pronouns é, í, ea, iad)
Particle
is
- Present/future realis copula form
- Is múinteoir é Dónall. ― Dónall is a teacher. (definition: predicate is indefinite)
- Is é Dónall an múinteoir. ― Dónall is the teacher. (identification: predicate is definite)
- Is féidir liom snámh. ― I can swim. (idiomatic noun predicate)
- Is maith liom tae. ― I like tea. (idiomatic adjective predicate)
- Is mise a chonaic é. ― I'm the one who saw him. (compare Hiberno-English "'Tis I who saw him"; cleft sentence)
- Is é Dónall atá ina mhúinteoir. ― It's Dónall who is a teacher. (cleft sentence)
- Used to introduce the comparative/superlative form of adjectives
- an buachaill is mó ― the bigger boy; the biggest boy
- Is mó an buachaill ná Séamas.
- The boy is bigger than James.
- Is é Séamas an buachaill is mó in Éirinn!
- James is the biggest boy in Ireland! (lit. "It is James (who is) the boy (who) is biggest in Ireland")
Usage notes
- Used in the present and future for identification or definition of a subject as the person/object identified in the predicate of the sentence. Sometimes used with noun or adjective predicates, especially in certain fixed idiomatic phrases. Used to introduce cleft sentences, which are extremely common in Irish. It is not a verb.
- The copula does not exist in the imperative and does not have a nominal form analogous to the verbal noun. The phrase bí i do (literally “be in your”) is used as the imperative instead (e.g. Bí i d’fhear! – “Be a man!” (lit. “Be in your man!”)), and equivalent non-copular nominal constructions must be used in place of their hypothetical copular equivalents: bheith ábalta (“to be able”, in place of the non-existent nominal form of is féidir), bheith ag iarraidh (“to want”, in place of the non-existent nominal form of is mian), bheith ina (“to be”, as with the imperative), etc.
- In comparative/superlative formations, is is strictly speaking the relative of the copula, hence an buachaill is mó literally means "the boy who is biggest", i.e. "the biggest boy". The thing compared is introduced by ná (“than”).
Related terms
Simple copular forms
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Compound copular forms
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v Used before vowel sounds |
Kwerba
Noun
is
References
- Mark Donohue, Syntactic and Lexical Factors Conditioning the Diffusion of Sound Change, Oceanic Linguistics 44 (2005), page 428 (used in both Kwerba proper and Anggreso Kwerba)
Lacandon
Etymology
From Proto-Mayan *iihs.
Noun
is
Derived terms
References
- Baer, Phillip, Baer, Mary, Chan Kꞌin, Manuel, Chan Kꞌin, Antonio (2018) Diccionaro maya lacandón (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 51)[3] (in Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., pages 65–66
Latin
Etymology 1
From Proto-Italic *is, from Proto-Indo-European *éy.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /is/, [ɪs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /is/, [is]
Determiner
is (feminine ea, neuter id); demonstrative pronoun
- (pronoun) this or that man, woman or thing; he, she, it (previously introduced)
- Picks up the subject or object after an intervening clause, to avoid repeating the relative pronoun quī, or substitutes syntactically fronted expressions
- (correlative) that...which; he, she...who, it...that
- (determiner) this or that [man, woman or thing] (as a noun phrase modifier)
- (with genus with nominative or modī with genitive) such a, that sort of
- eiusmodī sermōnēs ― talk of that kind
- Marcus Valerius Probus, Fragmenta 66.29:
- […] 'urbīs' an 'urbēs'. Nam cum id genus sīs, quod videō, ut sine iactūrā tuā peccēs, nihil perdēs utrum dīxeris.
- […] 'urbīs' or 'urbēs'. For as far as I can see, you're the kind of man who doesn't lose sleep over his mistakes; as such you'll lose nothing whichever one you use.
- […] 'urbīs' an 'urbēs'. Nam cum id genus sīs, quod videō, ut sine iactūrā tuā peccēs, nihil perdēs utrum dīxeris.
- Substituting a clause.
- quod eius fierī possit ― as far as [any of that is] possible
- As an internal accusative: for that reason, on that account
- idque gaudeō ― and I'm glad about that
- Used in various prepositional phrases.
Usage notes
Latin is is an endophoric pronoun and determiner, which may be employed either as an anaphora or as a cataphora, meaning it serves as a reference to something preceding or following, respectively, in the text. Unlike a demonstrative such as ille or English this, is does not have a deictic function, meaning it cannot point to a referent in the world, but only one named in the text; nor can it be used exophorically as a 3d-person pronoun such as English (s)he that refers to something not already defined in the context but presumed to be known or deduceable by the addressee. Thus we see it used with first, second and third person.
The exophoric demonstratives/determiners in Latin are hic (proximal, near the speaker), iste (distal, near the listener), and ille (distal, far from both). Note that Latin doesn't have any 3rd-person pronouns, using the aforementioned demonstratives in their place.
Oblique cases are rare in elevated poetry.
Declension
Demonstrative pronoun.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | is | ea | id | eī1 iī ī |
eae | ea | |
Genitive | eius ejus |
eōrum eum |
eārum | eōrum eum | |||
Dative | eī2 e͡i ēī |
eī2 e͡i ēī eae |
eī2 e͡i ēī |
eīs1 iīs īs |
eīs1 iīs īs eābus |
eīs1 iīs īs | |
Accusative | eum | eam | id | eōs | eās | ea | |
Ablative | eō | eā | eō | eīs1 iīs īs |
1The nom./dat./abl. plural forms regularly developed into a monosyllable /iː(s)/, with later remodelling - compare the etymology of deus. This /iː/ was normally spelled as EI during and as II after the Republic; a disyllabic iī, spelled II, Iꟾ, appears in Silver Age poetry, while disyllabic eīs is only post-Classical. Other spellings include EEI(S), EIEI(S), IEI(S).
2The dat. singular is found spelled EIEI (here represented as ēī) and scanned as two longs in Plautus, but also as a monosyllable. The latter is its normal scansion in Classical. Other spellings include EEI, IEI.
Derived terms
See also
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Genitive | Dative | Accusative | Ablative | Possessive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | — | ego | meī | mihi | mē | meus, -a, -um | |
Second | — | tū | tuī | tibi | tē | tuus, -a, -um | ||
Reflexive third | — | — | suī | sibi | sē, sēsē | suus, -a, -um | ||
Third | Masculine | is | ēius | eī | eum | eō | ēius | |
Feminine | ea | eam | eā | |||||
Neuter | id | id | eō | |||||
Plural | First | — | nōs | nostrī, nostrum | nōbīs | nōs | nōbīs | noster, -tra, -trum |
Second | — | vōs | vestrī, vestrum | vōbīs | vōs | vōbīs | vester, -tra, -trum | |
Reflexive third | — | — | suī | sibi | sē, sēsē | suus, -a, -um | ||
Third | Masculine | eī, iī | eōrum | eīs | eōs | eīs | eōrum | |
Feminine | eae | eārum | eās | eārum | ||||
Neuter | ea | eōrum | ea | eōrum |
Etymology 2
Inflected form of eō (“go”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /iːs/, [iːs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /is/, [is]
Verb
(deprecated template usage) īs
References
- is in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Middle Dutch
Verb
is
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English īs, from Proto-West Germanic *īs.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Noun
is (uncountable)
- ice (frozen water):
- A layer of frozen water as a surface.
- (rare) An individual portion of ice.
- (rare, figurative) That which is short-lived like ice.
- (rare) icy conditions
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- “īs, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-06-15.
Etymology 2
From Old English is, third-person present singular of wesan (“to be”), from Proto-Germanic *isti, third-person present singular of *wesaną (“to be, become”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Verb
is
- third-person singular present indicative of been
- Synonym: bith
Descendants
Etymology 3
Determiner
is
- Alternative form of his (“his”)
Pronoun
is
- Alternative form of his (“his”)
Etymology 4
Pronoun
is
- Alternative form of his (“her”)
Etymology 5
Pronoun
is
- Alternative form of his (“them”)
Etymology 6
Noun
is (plural isnes)
- Alternative form of iren (“iron”)
Navajo
Interjection
is
- as if, as if it were true, it could be, is it really?, what do you mean by that?, so you say expressing surprise
Usage notes
Usually spelled with the final letter repeated: iss, isss, issss.
Alternative forms
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Old Norse íss (“ice”), from Proto-Germanic *īsaz, a variant of *īsą (“ice”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyH- (“ice, frost”).
Noun
is m (definite singular isen, indefinite plural is or iser, definite plural isene)
Synonyms
- iskrem (ice cream)
Derived terms
References
- “is” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Anagrams
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Old Norse íss, from Proto-Germanic *īsą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyH-. Akin to English ice.
Pronunciation
Noun
is m (definite singular isen, indefinite plural isar, definite plural isane)
Synonyms
- iskrem (ice cream)
Derived terms
References
- “is” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Nyishi
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Tani *si, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *si.
Noun
is
References
- P. T. Abraham (2005) A Grammar of Nyishi Language[4], Delhi: Farsight Publishers and Distributors
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *īsą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyH-, *ey-, *ī- (“ice, frost”). Cognate with Old Frisian īs (West Frisian iis), Old Saxon īs (Low German Ies), Dutch ijs, Old High German īs (German Eis), Old Norse íss (Danish and Swedish is). There are parallels in many Iranian languages, apparently from the same Indo-European root: Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬑𐬀 (aēxa, “frost, ice”), Persian یخ (yax), Pashto جح (jaḥ), Ossetian их (ix).
Pronunciation
Noun
īs n
- ice
- Hit is swā ċeald þæt wæter sōna tō īse ġefrīest.
- It's so cold that water immediately freezes to ice.
- the Legend of St Andrew
- Ofer ēastrēamas īs bryċġode.
- The ice formed a bridge over the streams.
- the runic character ᛁ (/i/ or /i:/)
Declension
Derived terms
Descendants
Old High German
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *īs. Compare Old Saxon īs, Old English īs, Old Norse íss.
Noun
īs
Descendants
- Middle High German: īs
Old Irish
Alternative forms
Etymology
The lemma is itself is from Proto-Celtic *esti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti; other forms are from either *h₁es- or *bʰuH-.
Verb
is
- to be
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 14d26
- Is i persin Crist da·gníu-sa sin.
- It is in the person of Christ that I do that.
- Is i persin Crist da·gníu-sa sin.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 14d26
Usage notes
This is the so-called "copula", which is distinct from the "substantive verb" at·tá. The copula is used with noun predicates and to introduce a cleft sentence.
Conjugation
See {{sga-conj-is}}
for the complete conjugation.
Synonyms
- at·tá (substantive verb)
Derived terms
Descendants
Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 is”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, §§ 791–818, pages 483–94
- Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, pages 419–431
Old Saxon
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *it.
Pronoun
is (is)
Declension
Personal pronouns | |||||
Singular | 1. | 2. | 3. m | 3. f | 3. n |
Nominative | ik | thū | hē | siu | it |
Accusative | mī, me, mik | thī, thik | ina | sia | |
Dative | mī | thī | imu | iru | it |
Genitive | mīn | thīn | is | ira | is |
Dual | 1. | 2. | - | - | - |
Nominative | wit | git | - | - | - |
Accusative | unk | ink | - | - | - |
Dative | |||||
Genitive | unkero, unka | - | - | - | |
Plural | 1. | 2. | 3. m | 3. f | 3. n |
Nominative | wī, we | gī, ge | sia | sia | siu |
Accusative | ūs, unsik | eu, iu, iuu | |||
Dative | ūs | im | |||
Genitive | ūser | euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera | iro |
Etymology 2
Verb
is
Etymology 3
From Proto-Germanic *īsą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyH- (“ice, frost”). Cognate with Old Frisian īs (West Frisian iis), Old English īs (English ice), Dutch ijs, Old High German īs (German Eis), Old Norse íss (Danish and Swedish is).
Noun
īs n
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | īs | īs |
accusative | īs | īs |
genitive | īses | īsō |
dative | īse | īsun |
instrumental | — | — |
Descendants
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 331: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Brazil" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈis/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 331: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Carioca" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈiʃ/
Noun
is
- plural of i
- 2003, J. K. Rowling, Lya Wyler, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix, Rocco, page 411:
- Se você pôs os pingos nos is e cortou os tês então pode fazer o que quiser!
- If you've dotted your I's and crossed your T's, then you can do whatever you want!
- Se você pôs os pingos nos is e cortou os tês então pode fazer o que quiser!
- 2003, J. K. Rowling, Lya Wyler, Harry Potter e a Ordem da Fênix, Rocco, page 411:
Scots
Adverb
is (not comparable)
Synonyms
Conjunction
is
Synonyms
Pronoun
is (personal, non-emphatic)
See also
Verb
is
- third-person singular simple present indicative form of be
See also
Scottish Gaelic
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Conjunction
is
- Clipping of agus (“and”).
Usage notes
- Is is often shortened further to 's.
Etymology 2
From Old Irish is. Cognate with Irish is and Manx s'.
Verb
is
- (copulative) am, is, are
Declension
singular | plural | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third m/f | first | second | third | ||||
independent | present | tha mi | tha thu | tha e/i | tha sinn | tha sibh | tha iad | ||
past | bha mi | bha thu | bha e/i | bha sinn | bha sibh | bha iad | |||
future | simple | bidh mi | bidh tu | bidh e/i | bidh sinn | bidh sibh | bidh iad | ||
emphatic | bithidh mi | bithidh tu | bithidh e/i | bithidh sinn | bithidh sibh | bithidh iad | |||
conditional | simple | bhithinn | bhiodh tu | bhiodh e/i | bhiodh sinn bhiomaid |
bhiodh sibh | bhiodh iad | ||
emphatic | bhitheadh tu | bhitheadh e/i | bhitheadh sinn bhitheamaid |
bhitheadh sibh | bhitheadh iad | ||||
negative | present | chan eil mi | chan eil thu | chan eil e/i | chan eil sinn | chan eil sibh | chan eil iad | ||
past | cha robh mi | cha robh thu | cha robh e/i | cha robh sinn | cha robh sibh | cha robh iad | |||
future | cha bhi mi | cha bhi thu | cha bhi e/i | cha bhi sinn | cha bhi sibh | cha bhi iad | |||
conditional | simple | cha bhithinn | cha bhiodh tu | cha bhiodh e/i | cha bhiodh sinn cha bhiomaid |
cha bhiodh sibh | cha bhiodh iad | ||
emphatic | cha bhitheadh tu | cha bhitheadh e/i | cha bhitheadh sinn cha bhitheamaid |
cha bhitheadh sibh | cha bhitheadh iad | ||||
affirmative interrogative |
present | a bheil mi? | a bheil thu? | a bheil e/i? | a bheil sinn? | a bheil sibh? | a bheil iad? | ||
past | an robh mi? | an robh thu? | an robh e/i? | an robh sinn? | an robh sibh? | an robh iad? | |||
future | am bi mi? | am bi thu? | am bi e/i? | am bi sinn? | am bi sibh? | am bi iad? | |||
conditional | simple | am bithinn? | am biodh tu? | am biodh e/i? | am biodh sinn? am biomaid? |
am biodh sibh? | am biodh iad? | ||
emphatic | am bitheadh tu? | am bitheadh e/i? | am bitheadh sinn am bitheamaid? |
am bitheadh sibh? | am bitheadh iad? | ||||
negative interrogative |
present | nach eil mi? | nach eil thu? | nach eil e/i? | nach eil sinn? | nach eil sibh? | nach eil iad? | ||
past | nach robh mi? | nach robh thu? | nach robh e/i? | nach robh sinn? | nach robh sibh? | nach robh iad? | |||
future | nach bi mi? | nach bi thu? | nach bi e/i? | nach bi sinn? | nach bi sibh? | nach bi iad? | |||
conditional | simple | nach bithinn? | nach biodh tu? | nach biodh e/i? | nach biodh sinn? nach biomaid? |
nach biodh sibh? | nach biodh iad? | ||
emphatic | nach bitheadh tu? | nach bitheadh e/i? | nach bitheadh sinn? nach bitheamaid? |
nach bitheadh sibh? | nach bitheadh iad? | ||||
relative future | simple | (a) bhios mi | (a) bhios tu | (a) bhios e/i | (a) bhios sinn | (a) bhios sibh | (a) bhios iad | ||
emphatic | (a) bhitheas mi | (a) bhitheas tu | (a) bhitheas e/i | (a) bhitheas sinn | (a) bhitheas sibh | (a) bhitheas iad | |||
imperative | simple | bitheam | bi | biodh e/i | biomaid | bithibh | biodh iad | ||
emphatic | bitheadh e/i | bitheamaid | bitheadh iad | ||||||
verbal noun | a bhith |
Impersonal forms can be found at Template:gd-conj-thathar.
singular | plural | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third m/f | first | second | third | ||
independent | present | is mi | is tu | is e/i | is sinn | is sibh | is iad |
past | bu mhi | bu tu | b' e/i | bu sinn | bu sibh | b' iad | |
conditional | |||||||
negative | present | cha mhi | cha tu | chan e/i | cha sinn | cha sibh | chan iad |
past | cha bu mhi | cha bu tu | cha b' e/i | cha bu sinn | cha bu sibh | cha b' iad | |
conditional | |||||||
affirmative interrogative |
present | am mi? | an tu? | an e/i? | an sinn? | an sibh? | an iad? |
past | am bu mhi? | am bu tu? | am b' e/i? | am bu sinn? | am bu sibh? | am b' iad? | |
conditional | |||||||
Negative interrogative |
present | nach mi? | nach tu? | nach e/i? | nach sinn? | nach sibh? | nach iad? |
past | nach bu mhi? | nach bu tu? | nach b' e/i? | nach bu sinn? | nach bu sibh? | nach b' iad? | |
conditional |
Present | Past | Future | Conditional | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Independent | thathar, thatar, thathas1 | bhathar, bhatar, bhathas1 | bithear, bitear, bitheas1 | bhite(adh), bhithist(e)1 |
Negative | chan eilear, chan eileas1 | cha robhar, cha robhas1 | cha bithear, cha bitear, cha bitheas1 | cha bhite(adh), cha bhithist(e)1 |
Affirmative interrogative | am beilear? am beileas?1 a bheilear? a bheileas?1 |
an robhar? an robhas?1 | am bithear? am biteas?1 | am bite(adh)? am bithist(e)?1 |
Negative interrogative | nach eilear? nach eileas?1 | nach robhar? nach robhas?1 | nach bithear? nach bitear? nach bitheas?1 | nach bite(adh)? nach bithist(e)?1 |
1 Lewis dialect form
Usage notes
- Is is often shortened to 's.
- Is is used when linking the subject of a sentence with an object ("somebody is somebody", "somebody is something", "something is something"), otherwise forms of the verb bi are used:
- Is mise Dòmhnall. ― I am Donald.
- Tha mise anns an t-seòmar. ― I am in the room.
References
- Colin Mark (2003) “is”, in The Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 368
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Swedish is, from Old Norse íss, from Proto-Germanic *īsą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eyH-.
Pronunciation
Noun
is c
- (uncountable) Ice; frozen water.
- (countable) Ice; a sheet of ice lying on a body of water.
Declension
Declension of is | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | is | isen | isar | isarna |
Genitive | is | isens | isars | isarnas |
Related terms
- isa
- isas
- isbacke
- isbalett
- isbana
- isbark
- isbelagd
- isbeläggning
- isberg
- isbildning
- isbill
- isbit
- isbjörn
- isblock
- isblomma
- isblå
- isblåsa
- isborr
- isbrytande
- isbrytare
- isbrytning
- isbränna
- isbunden
- isbälte
- ischoklad
- isdans
- isdubb
- isdämd
- isdös
- isfiske
- isflak
- isfläck
- isfri
- isfågel
- isfält
- isförhållanden
- isgata
- isglass
- isgrå
- ishalka
- ishall
- ishav
- ishinder
- ishink
- ishinna
- ishockey
- isig
- isigt
- isjakt
- iskaffe
- iskall
- iskana
- iskant
- iskarl
- iskarvning
- isklump
- iskonvalj
- iskorn
- iskravning
- iskristall
- iskub
- iskyla
- iskyld
- Island
- islom
- islossning
- islår
- isläge
- islägga
- ismaskin
- ismassa
- isning
- isnot
- ispansar
- ispik
- isprinsessa
- ispropp
- isracing
- isrand
- isranunkel
- israpport
- isränna
- issituation
- issjö
- isskorpa
- isskrapa
- isskruvning
- isskulptur
- isskåp
- issmältning
- isstack
- isstadion
- isstycke
- issvårigheter
- issåg
- issågning
- issörja
- istapp
- iste
- istid
- isträning
- istäcke
- istäckt
- istärning
- isvak
- isvatten
- isvinter
- isvit
- isvägg
- isyxa
- isälv
- isöken
- nyis
- tunn is
References
Tok Pisin
Etymology
Noun
is
Turkish
Noun
is (definite accusative isi, plural isler)
Declension
Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | is | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | isi | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | is | isler | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | isi | isleri | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | ise | islere | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | iste | islerde | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | isten | islerden | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | isin | islerin | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Volapük
Adverb
is
Welsh
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle Welsh is, from Proto-Celtic *ɸīssu (“under”), from Proto-Indo-European *pedsú, locative plural of *pṓds (“foot”). Cognate with Old Irish ís.
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 331: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "standard" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /iːs/
Adjective
is
Preposition
is
- lower than, under
Related terms
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
is | unchanged | unchanged | his |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
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