si

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See also: sí, și, and Appendix:Variations of "si"

English

Alternative forms

Etymology

Acronym of Latin Sancte Ioannes, the phrase ending the hymn Ut queant laxis from earlier words of which the other notes of solfège were derived.

Pronunciation

Noun

si (plural sis)

  1. (music) A syllable used in solfège to represent the seventh note of a major scale.

Translations

Anagrams

Albanian

Etymology

Varying reconstructions. Orel descends it from Proto-Albanian *tšei,[1] Matzinger from Proto-Albanian *čī.[2] Ultimately from instrumental Proto-Indo-European *kwi-h₁. Compare Latin qui (“how, why”), Old English hwȳ, hwī (“why”), Avar čī (“how”). An interrogative and relative pronoun, especially in connection with a preposition.

Pronunciation

Adverb

si

  1. how; in what way; in what state
    Si janë shokët e tu? ― How are your friends?
  2. like, as
    Si e dini, nuk kemi filluar ende.
    As you know, we've not yet begun.

Derived terms

See also

References

  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “si”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 395
  2. ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Matzinger, Joachim (2013) Die Verben des Altalbanischen: Belegwörterbuch, Vorgeschichte und Etymologie (Albanische Forschungen; 33) (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 225

Alemannic German

Etymology 1

From Old High German siu, from Proto-Germanic *sī. Cognate with German sie (“she; it”), Gothic 𐍃𐌹 (si), Old English sēo.

Pronoun

si f

  1. she
  2. it (for referents of the feminine grammatical gender)
Declension
Alemannic German personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative possessive m
1st person singular ich, i mich, mi mir, mier, mer min, miin
2nd person singular familiar du dich, di dir, dier, der din, diin
polite Si Ine, Ene, -ne Ire
3rd person singular m er in, en im sin, siin
f si ire
n es, 's, -s im sin, siin
1st person plural mir, mer üs, öis, ois, eus üse, öise, oise, euse
2nd person plural ir, ier öi, eu öie, eure
3rd person plural si ine, ene, -ne ire

Etymology 2

From Old High German sie m pl, sio f pl, siu n pl. Cognate with German sie, Dutch zij.

Pronoun

si pl

  1. they
Declension
Alemannic German personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative possessive m
1st person singular ich, i mich, mi mir, mier, mer min, miin
2nd person singular familiar du dich, di dir, dier, der din, diin
polite Si Ine, Ene, -ne Ire
3rd person singular m er in, en im sin, siin
f si ire
n es, 's, -s im sin, siin
1st person plural mir, mer üs, öis, ois, eus üse, öise, oise, euse
2nd person plural ir, ier öi, eu öie, eure
3rd person plural si ine, ene, -ne ire

Etymology 3

From Middle High German sein, sīn, from Old High German sīn, from Proto-Germanic *sīnaz. Cognate with German sein, Dutch zijn, West Frisian syn, Icelandic sinn.

Alternative forms

Determiner

si

  1. his

Declension

Inflected forms include:

Singular Plural
masculine feminine neuter
Nominative
Accusative 		si sini si sini
Genitive sines & si's sines
Dative si'm & sim siner si'm & sim sine

Etymology 4

From Middle High German sīn, from Old High German sīn. Cognate with German sein, Dutch zijn, Low German sien.

Alternative forms

Verb

si

  1. (Gressoney) to be

References

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin si.

Conjunction

si

  1. if

Bahnar

Etymology

From Proto-Bahnaric *ciː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ciiʔ (“louse”); cognate with Vietnamese chí, chấy.

Pronunciation

Noun

si

  1. louse

Catalan

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Lua error in Module:etymology at line 150: Old Occitan (pro) is not set as an ancestor of Catalan (ca) in Module:languages/data/2. The ancestor of Catalan is Old Catalan (roa-oca)., from Latin si (“if”).

Conjunction

si

  1. if

See also

Etymology 2

From Latin Sancte Iohannes (“Saint John”) in the hymn for St. John the Baptist.

Noun

si m (plural sis)

  1. (music) si (seventh note of a diatonic scale)

Etymology 3

From Lua error in Module:etymology at line 150: Old Occitan (pro) is not set as an ancestor of Catalan (ca) in Module:languages/data/2. The ancestor of Catalan is Old Catalan (roa-oca)., from Latin sinus.

Noun

si m (plural sins)

  1. cavity, depression
  2. (anatomy) sinus
  3. (figuratively) uterus
  4. front portion of the breast
  5. (figuratively) heart
  6. estuary, bay
See also

Etymology 4

From Latin sĭbī.

Pronoun

si

  1. himself, herself, itself
  2. oneself
  3. themselves
  4. each other
Usage notes
  • Si is the stressed (or "strong", or "tonic") form of the reflexive pronoun es. As such, it is used after prepositions.
Declension
Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
singular proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
1st person jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
1st person majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
2nd person formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person masculine ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person feminine ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
3rd person neuter ho -ho li -li seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
plural
1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person masculine ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person feminine elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
locative hi -hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural.
2) Behaves grammatically as third person. 		3) Only as object of a preposition.
4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.
See also

See also

Chamorro

Preposition

si

  1. Subject marker for personal names

Chavacano

Etymology 1

From Spanish sí (“yes”).

Particle

si

  1. yes

Etymology 2

From Spanish si (“if”).

Conjunction

si

  1. if

Czech

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sɪ/
  • Audio:(file)

Pronoun

si (reflexive pronoun)

  1. (dative) to oneself (clitic form of reflexive pronoun sobě)
    myself
    yourself
    Posluž si. ― Serve yourself.
    himself
    herself
    itself
    ourselves
    yourselves
    themselves

Declension

Template:cs-decl-noun

Synonyms

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin sex.

Numeral

si

  1. six

Danish

Danish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia da

Pronunciation

Noun

si c (singular definite sien, plural indefinite sier)

  1. sieve
  2. strainer
  3. colander

Inflection

Declension of si
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative si sien sier sierne
genitive sis siens siers siernes

Verb

si (imperative si, infinitive at si, present tense sier, past tense siede, perfect tense har siet)

  1. sieve
  2. strain
  3. sift

Dutch

Pronunciation

Noun

si m or f (plural si's, diminutive sietje n)

  1. musical note; ti

Anagrams

Esperanto

Etymology

From Italian si, French soi, Spanish se, Latin se, plus the i of personal pronouns.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

si (reflexive, accusative sin, possessive sia)

  1. himself, herself, itself, themselves, oneself

Usage notes

The reflexive pronoun si is only used to refer to the third person (In English: he/she/it/they) not the first or second person (In English: I/you).

Ewe

Verb

si

  1. to escape

Fala

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese se, from Latin sī (“if”).

Conjunction

si

  1. if (used to introduce a condition or choice)
    • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:
      I si “a patria do homi é sua lengua”, cumu idía Albert Camus, o que está claru é que a lengua está mui por encima de fronteiras, serras, rius i maris, de situaciós pulíticas i sociu-económicas, de lazus religiosus e inclusu familiaris.
      And if “a man’s homeland is his language”, as Albert Camus said, what is clear is that language is above borders, mountain ranges, rivers and seas, above political and socio-economic situations, of religious and even family ties.

Etymology 2

Pronoun

si

  1. Alternative form of se
    • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 2: Númerus?:
      As lenguas, idiomas, dialectus o falas tenin un-as funciós mui claras desde o principiu dos siglu i si hai contabilizaus en o mundu un-as 8.000 lenguas, ca un-a con sua importancia numérica relativa, a nossa fala é un tesoiru mais entre elas.
      The tongues, languages or regional variants have some very clear functions since the beginning of the centuries and some 8,000 languages have been accounted for in the world, each with its relative numerical importance, Fala is yet another treasure among them.

French

French phrasebook
This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old French se, from Latin si (“if”).

Conjunction

si

  1. if
    Je me demande si elle sera seule.
    I wonder if she'll be alone.
    Je veux savoir si tu viendras ou non.
    I want to know if you're coming or not.
    Si j’avais ses pouvoirs, je créerais un monde où le mal n’existe pas.
    If I had his power, I'd create a world where evil didn't exist.
    Si tu n’avais pas appelé, je serais morte.
    If you hadn't called, I'd be dead.
  2. even if

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old French si, from Latin sic (“so, thus”).

Interjection

si

  1. yes (used to contradict a negative statement) (often followed by I do, he is, etc. in English to indicate contradiction rather than affirmation).
    Tu ne m’aimes pas, n’est-ce pas ? — Si !
    You don’t like me, do you? — Yes, I do!
    Moi, je n’ai rien fait ! — Si !
    I didn't do anything! — Yes, you did!
    Synonym: (archaic) si fait

Adverb

si

  1. so, such (intensifier)
    J’étais si fatigué ces jours-ci que je n’avais pas le courage de vous écrire.
    I was so tired those days that I didn't have the energy to write to you.
    Cela n’aurait pas été une si bonne idée.
    That wouldn't have been such a good idea.
    Si bavard qu’il soit, il ne dit rien de stupide.
    However talkative he may be, he doesn't say anything stupid.

Usage notes

The positive particle usage is uncommon in Québec (the adverb is used in Québec as it is everywhere else).

Etymology 3

Noun

si m (plural si)

  1. (music) si, the note 'B'.

Further reading

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin se.

Pronoun

si (third person)

  1. (reflexive) himself, herself

Galician

"Statute of Galicia: [vote] yes", pro-Galician devolved government, 1936

Etymology 1

From Latin sīc.

Interjection

si

  1. yes
    Antonym: non

Etymology 2

From Latin sē, ablative and accusative pronoun form.

Pronoun

si (accusative se, dative se)

  1. himself, herself, itself
  2. themselves
Usage notes

The pronoun si is used exclusively as the object of a preposition; no nominative form exists.

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

si m (plural sis)

  1. (music) si (musical note)
  2. (music) B (the musical note or key)
See also

Gothic

Romanization

si

  1. Romanization of 𐍃𐌹

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

From Portuguese se and Spanish si. Cognates with Kabuverdianu si.

Conjunction

si

  1. if

Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French si.

Conjunction

si

  1. if

Iau

Noun

si

  1. woman

References

  • Bill Palmer, The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area (→ISBN, 2017), page 531, table 95, Comparative basic vocabulary in Lakes Plain Languages

Indonesian

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Article

si

  1. Definite grammatical article (diminutive). There is no exact equivalent of the Indonesian si in languages such as English, but it can be described as a personal definite article. In the American sitcom Happy Days, a character is called The Fonz by his friends; in Indonesian, this could be translated as Si Fonz. Thus it is used when talking about someone else if they are on close, intimate terms with that person. Apart from the more friendly connotation, it is also a diminutive and can stand in for the words "little", "old" and "poor" when talking about others in a cute, disparaging, disrespectful or casual manner. It is used when talking about someone, not to them. It should not be used to those who are of higher rank or deserving of respect (unless mocking them)
    Tidak ada yang memperhatikan si Tigor. ― No-one paid any attention to poor Tigor.
    Aku bilang sama si Yopi, jangan khawatir ― I said to old Yopi, don't worry.
    Katanya si Tuti sakit (talking about a small child) ― I hear little Tuti is ill.
    Namanya si Putih (talking about a pet cat) ― Its name is Whitey.
    Si Gendut ― Fatso
    Si Goblok ― Old Muttonhead
  2. Definite grammatical article (title 1) Besides the more humorous uses, si can be a way of putting a name to someone when you do not know that person's name and want to refer to them in an informal, casual or personalised way. This is done by putting si in front of the group, occupation or category to which that person belongs.
    Si pemuda tersenyum lebar lalu pergi. ― The young man smiled broadly then left.
    Si penjual jamu itu cantik sekali. ― That jamu seller is very pretty.
    Dia ketawa sama si orang asing itu. ― She was laughing with the foreigner.
  3. Definite grammatical article (title 2) Similar to the preceding use, si is used to refer to all the members of a certain group or category.
    Si pembeli harus dilayani dengan ramah. ― The customer must be attended to in a friendly way.
    Kalau si suami beragama Kristen sedangkan si isteri beragama Islam, wah bisa ramai rumah tangganya. ― If the husband is a Christian and the wife is a Muslim, phew, you can expect fireworks in the household.
    Si ayah harus belajar mengenal si anak. ― The father has to learn to know the child.

Interlingua

Adverb

si

  1. yes

Italian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin se (“him-, her-, it-, themselves”, reflexive third-person pronoun). Cognate with Spanish se and Portuguese se and si.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

si

  1. (reflexive) oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves
    Il tuo gatto si lava sul mio letto. ― Your cat cleans himself/itself on my bed.
    La tua gatta si lava sul mio letto. ― Your cat cleans herself on my bed.
    Marco si è rotto il braccio. ― Marco has broken his arm.
  2. (reciprocal pronoun) each other, one another
    Carlo e Laura si amano. ― Carlo and Laura love each other.
  3. (indefinite) one, you, we, they, people
    In Italia si pranza intorno all'una. ― In Italy they eat lunch around 13.
    In Italia si tende ad andare a letto tardi. ― In Italy, people tend to go to bed late.
    Si dice che Maria volesse uccidere Giovanni. ― It is said that Maria wanted to kill Giovanni.
    Da questa finestra si vede la banca. ― From this window, one can see the bank.
  4. (si passivante) Used to form the passive voice of a verb; it
    Si vende latte. / Vendesi latte. ― Milk for sale.
    Non si accettano carte di credito. ― Credit cards are not accepted.

Usage notes

  • When si is part of an infinitive, it can be placed before it as a separate word, but more often it is attached to the end. In this case, the final -e of the infinitive is dropped, or, in the case of infinitives ending in -rre, the final -re is dropped. Examples: amar(e) + si = amarsi; ridur(re) + si = ridursi.
  • Often translated using the passive voice in English when used as indefinite personal pronoun:
    Si dice che […] ― It is said that […]
  • Verb + si is often translated as become or get + [past participle] in English.
  • In cases where si (indefinite pronoun) and si (reflexive pronoun) follow each other, the first si is replaced with ci:
    Ci si lava. ― One washes oneself.
    (instead of: *Si si lava.)
  • Becomes se when followed by a third-person direct object clitic (lo, la, li, le, or ne).

See also

Italian personal pronouns
Number Person Gender Nominative Reflexive Accusative Dative Combined Disjunctive Locative Partitive
Singular first — io mi, m', -mi me me —
second — tu ti, t', -ti te te
third m lui si2, s', -si lo, l', -lo gli, -gli glie, se2 lui, sé ci, c',
vi, v' (formal) 		ne, n'
f lei, Lei1 la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1 le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1 lei, Lei1, sé
Plural first — noi ci, c', -ci ce noi —
second — voi, Voi4 vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4 ve voi, Voi4
third m loro, Loro1 si, s', -si li, Li1, -li, -Li1 gli, -gli, loro (formal),
Loro1 		glie, se loro, Loro1, sé ci, c',
vi, v' (formal) 		ne, n'
f le, Le1, -le, -Le1
1 Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
2 Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
3 Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language.
4 Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).

Noun

si

  1. (music) si (musical note B)

See also

Japhug

Etymology

Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *səj.

Verb

si

  1. die

References

  • Guillaume Jacques, Argument Demotion in Japhug Rgyalrong (2012)

Kabuverdianu

Etymology 1

From Portuguese se and Spanish si

Conjunction

si

  1. if

Etymology 2

From Portuguese sim.

Adverb

si

  1. yes

Koro (India)

Noun

si

  1. water

References

  • Roger Blench, Mark Post, (De)classifying Arunachal languages: Reconstructing the evidence (2011)

Ladin

Etymology

From Latin sē.

Adjective

si

  1. (possessive) his, her, hers, its, their

Latin

Etymology

For Old Latin seī, apparently derived from the nominative stem of Proto-Indo-European *só (“this, that”); related to Old English sē (“he, that”).

Pronunciation

Conjunction

sī

  1. if, supposing that
    Sī versūs hōrum duōrum poetārum neglegētis, magnā parte litterārum carēbitis.
    If you neglect the verses of these two poets, you will miss a great part of literature.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Aromanian: si
  • Catalan: si
  • Franco-Provençal: se
  • French: si
  • Friulian: se
  • Galician: se
  • Guinea-Bissau Creole: si
  • Italian: se
  • Kabuverdianu: si
  • Occitan: se
  • Papiamentu: si
  • Portuguese: se
  • Romanian: să
  • Romansch: sche
  • Sicilian: si
  • Spanish: si

References

  • “si”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “si”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • si in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • si in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • if I live till then: si vita mihi suppeditat
    • if I live till then: si vita suppetit
    • if anything should happen to me; if I die: si quid (humanitus) mihi accidat or acciderit
    • literally: si verba spectas
    • Solon made it a capital offence to..: Solo capite sanxit, si quis... (Att. 10. 1)
    • to put it exactly: si quaeris, si verum quaerimus
  • “si”, in Richard Stillwell et al., editor (1976), The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

Latvian

Noun

si m (invariable)

  1. (music) si

Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

Pronoun

si

  1. third-person feminine singular, nominative: she
    Si ass eng ganz schéi Fra. ― She is a very beautiful woman
  2. third-person feminine singular, accusative: her
    Den Hond huet si gebass. ― The dog bit her
  3. third-person plural, nominative: they
    Si si ganz schéi Fraen. ― They are very beautiful women.
  4. third-person plural, accusative: them
    Den Hond huet si gebass. ― The dog bit them

Usage notes

  • The feminine singular is used chiefly with feminine words for things. Female persons are predominantly treated as grammatically neuter, though the feminine is not impossible. See hatt for more.

Declension

Luxembourgish personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative reflexive
str. unstr. str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ech — mech — mir mer like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(informal) 		du de dech — dir der like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(formal) 		Dir Der Iech Iech [əɕ] Iech Iech [əɕ] Iech
3rd person singular m hien en hien en him em sech
f si se si se hir er sech
n hatt et ('t) hatt et ('t) him em sech
1st person plural mir mer eis (ons) — eis (ons) — eis (ons)
2nd person plural dir der iech iech [əɕ] iech iech [əɕ] iech
3rd person plural si se si se hinnen en sech

Malay

Article

si

  1. the (primarily used with people, rarely necessary)
    Ke mana perginya si budak nakal yang aku jumpa di taman tadi?
    Where has the brat I just met in the park headed to?
  2. definite particle used with adjectives to describe people
    si mati
    the dead (person)
  3. a definite article used in names or nicknames
    Si Polan
    John Doe

Synonyms

Mandarin

Romanization

si (si5／si0, Zhuyin ˙ㄙ)

  1. Template:pinyin reading of

si

  1. Nonstandard spelling of sī.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of sí.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of sǐ.
  4. Nonstandard spelling of sì.

Usage notes

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Mauritian Creole

Pronunciation

Etymology

From French si.

Conjunction

si

  1. if

Derived terms

Interjection

si

  1. yes (used to contradict a negative statement)

Middle Dutch

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Dutch sia.

Alternative forms

Pronoun

si

  1. she
Inflection
Middle Dutch personal pronouns
singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
masc. fem. neut.
nominative ic du hi si het wi gi si
accusative mi di hem, hen haer ons u hem, hen
dative hem, hen
genitive mijn dijn sijn haer sijn onse uwe haer


Descendants

Etymology 2

From Old Dutch sia.

Alternative forms

Pronoun

si

  1. they (all genders)
Inflection
Middle Dutch personal pronouns
singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
masc. fem. neut.
nominative ic du hi si het wi gi si
accusative mi di hem, hen haer ons u hem, hen
dative hem, hen
genitive mijn dijn sijn haer sijn onse uwe haer
Descendants

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

si

  1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive of wēsen

Further reading

  • “si (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
  • “si (III)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
  • Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “si (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I

Middle English

Etymology

From Old English sīe, singular subjunctive of wesan, from Proto-Germanic *sijǭ (first person), *sijēs (second person), and *sijē (third person), singular subjunctive forms of *wesaną.

Verb

si

  1. (Early Middle English, rare) Template:enm-singular subjunctive of

Middle French

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old French se.

Adverb

si

  1. if
  2. then (afterwards; following)

Descendants

  • French: si

Middle Low German

Pronunciation

Pronoun

sî

  1. Alternative form of sê

Molo

Noun

si

  1. water

References

  • Marvin Lionel Bender, Topics in Nilo-Saharan linguistics (1989)
  • [2]

Nalca

Noun

si

  1. tooth
  2. name

Norman

Etymology

From Old French si, from Latin si (“if”).

Conjunction

si

  1. (Guernsey) if

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Old Norse segja, from Proto-Germanic *sagjaną, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ-.

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Verb

si (imperative si, present tense sier, passive sies, past tense sa, past participle sagt, present participle siende)

  1. to say
Derived terms
Terms derived from si

Etymology 2

Noun

si (uncountable)

  1. (music) seventh note of a major scale

Etymology 3

Synonymous with side (side)

Noun

si (uncountable)

  1. side
Usage notes

This term is only used idiomatically in the phrase på si.

Etymology 4

Determiner

si

  1. feminine singular of sin

See also

    Personal pronouns in Bokmål
Number Person Type Nominative Oblique Possessive
feminine masculine neuter plural
Singular First – jeg meg mi min mitt mine
Second general du deg di din ditt dine
formal (rare) De Dem Deres
Third feminine (person) hun henne hennes
masculine (person) han ham / han hans
feminine (noun) den dens
masculine (noun)
neuter (noun) det dets
reflexive – seg si sin sitt sine
Plural First – vi oss vår vårt våre
Second general dere deres
formal (very rare) De Dem Deres
Third general de dem deres
reflexive – seg si sin sitt sine

References

  • “si” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
  • “si” in The Ordnett Dictionary

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

Determiner

si

  1. feminine singular of sin

Etymology 2

Noun

si (uncountable)

  1. (music) seventh note of a major scale

Etymology 3

Synonymous with side (side)

Noun

si (uncountable)

  1. side
Usage notes

This term is only used idiomatically in the phrase på si.

References

Old French

Alternative forms

  • se
  • s' (before a vowel)

Etymology 1

From Latin sic.

Adverb

si

  1. so; thus; in such a way

Descendants

  • French: si
  • Norman: si

Etymology 2

See se.

Conjunction

si

  1. Alternative form of se (if)

Old Portuguese

Etymology

From Latin sīc (“thus; so”), from Proto-Indo-European *so (“this, that”).

Pronunciation

Adverb

si

  1. yes, affirmatively

Descendants

Old Saxon

Pronunciation

Article

si

  1. feminine nominative singular of sē

Declension

Declension of si
Singular Plural
Masculine Neuter Feminine
nominative sē that si, sia thē, thie
accusative than, then that thē, thie thē, thie
genitive thēs thēs thēra thēra
dative thēm thēm thēra thēm
instrumental thiu, thia, thuo, thuru -

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Spanish si and Portuguese se and Kabuverdianu si.

Conjunction

si

  1. if
  2. when

Etymology

From Spanish sí and Portuguese sim and Kabuverdianu si.

Adverb

si

  1. yes

Portuguese

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsi/
  • Hyphenation: si

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese si, from Latin sibi, from Proto-Indo-European *sébʰye, dative of *swé (“self”).

Alternative forms

Pronoun

si (reflexive)

  1. (following a preposition) oneself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, yourselves, themselves.
See also
Portuguese personal pronouns (edit)
Number Person Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct object) 		Dative
(indirect object) 		Prepositional Prepositional
with com 		Non-declining
m f m f m and f m f m f m f
Singular First eu me mim comigo
Second tu te ti contigo você
o senhor a senhora
Third ele ela o
(lo, no) 		a
(la, na) 		lhe ele ela com ele com ela o mesmo a mesma
se si consigo
Plural First nós nos nós connosco (Portugal)
conosco (Brazil) 		a gente
Second vós vos vós convosco, com vós vocês
os senhores as senhoras
Third eles elas os
(los, nos) 		as
(las, nas) 		lhes eles elas com eles com elas os mesmos as mesmas
se si consigo
Indefinite se si consigo

Etymology 2

From Latin Sancte Iohannes (“Saint John”) in the hymn for St. John the Baptist.

Noun

si m (plural sis)

  1. si (musical note)
Coordinate terms

Etymology 3

Conjunction

si

  1. Eye dialect spelling of se, representing Brazil Portuguese.

Romani

Verb

si

  1. to be
    2018, Yūsuke Sumi, ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (overall work in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 20:
    Vov si o Hìrośi. Vov si gaʒo.
    He is Hiroshi. He is not Romani.
  2. there be
    2018, Yūsuke Sumi, ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (overall work in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 20:
    Kathe si jekh ćokolàda.
    There is one chocolate here.
  3. Used with the accusative of personal pronoun to to indicate possession in place of a verb meaning English have
    2018, Yūsuke Sumi, ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (overall work in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 27:
    Si man jekh phral.
    I have one brother.
    2018, Yūsuke Sumi, ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (overall work in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 27:
    Na si (Na-i) man but love.
    I don't have much money.

Conjugation

Conjugation of si
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative present sem san si sam sen si
perfect semas sanas sas samas senas sas
future avava avesa avela avasa avena avena
imperfect semas sanas sasas samas senas sasas (sinesas)
past perfect avilemas avilǎnas avilǎsas avilǎmas avilenas avilenas
infinitive te avav / te ovav te aves / te oves te avel / te ovel te avas / te ovas te aven / te oven te aven / te oven
subjunctive present avavas avesas avelas avasas avenas avenas
past avilemas avilǎnas avilǎsas avilǎmas avilenas avilenas
imperative — av (ov) — — aven (oven) —

Derived terms

Usage notes

  • The personal pronoun is often omitted when this term is used to mean "to be".

References

  • Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “si”, in ニューエクスプレス　ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Romani (Gypsy)] (in Japanese), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, →ISBN, page 143

Romansch

Alternative forms

  • (Sutsilvan, Surmiran) sen, se
  • (Puter, Vallader) sü

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin, Late Latin root sūsum, from Latin sūrsum.

Adverb

si

  1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan) up, upward, upwards

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

Pronoun

si (Cyrillic spelling си)

  1. (reflexive) Replaces the dative of a personal pronoun when the subject is of the same person as the dative object; to oneself (clitic dative singular of sȅbe (“oneself”))
    1. to myself
    2. to yourself
    3. to himself, herself, itself
    4. to ourselves
    5. to yourselves
    6. to themselves
  2. (reflexive, emphatic, possessive, dative) one's, of oneself (clitic dative singular of sebe (“one”))
    Kako li je samo zaboravio gdje si je parkirao auto?
    Just how did he forget where he parked his car?

Declension

Declension of si
singular plural
nominative — —
genitive sȅbe, se sȅbe
dative sȅbi, si sȅbi
accusative sȅbe, se sȅbe
vocative — —
locative sȅbi sȅbi
instrumental sȍbōm sȍbom

Verb

si (Cyrillic spelling си)

  1. second-person singular present of bȉti

Slovak

Pronunciation

Verb

si

  1. second-person singular present of byť: ((you) are, (thou) art)

Pronoun

si

  1. Replaces the dative of a personal pronoun when the subject is of the same person as the dative object. Roughly comparable with to oneself or for oneself.
    Synonym: sebe
    Kupujem si topánky. ― I am buying myself shoes.
    Komu kupuješ topánky? Sebe. ― Whom are you buying the shoes for? Myself.

Further reading

  • “si”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene

Pronunciation

Verb

sȉ

  1. second-person singular present of bíti

Pronunciation

Pronoun

si

  1. dative singular of sébe

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin si (“if”).

Pronunciation

Conjunction

si

  1. if

Derived terms

See also

Swahili

Adverb

si

  1. not

Tagalog

Article

si

  1. subject marker for personal names; similar in function to ang

Ternate

Adverb

si

  1. first, firstly

References

  • Rika Hayami-Allen (2001). A Descriptive Study of the Language of Ternate, the Northern Moluccas, Indonesia. University of Pittsburgh.

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English sea.

Noun

si

  1. sea
  2. waves; breakers; swells

Vietnamese

Etymology

From Proto-Vietic *ɟ-riː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɟriiʔ; cognate with Bahnar jri, Khmer ជ្រៃ (crɨy), Khasi jri, Old Mon jrey.

Pronunciation

Noun

(classifier cây) si

  1. certain members of the Mallotus and Ficus genera

Volapük

Interjection

si

  1. yes

Walloon

Etymology

From Old French, from Latin si (“if”).

Conjunction

si

  1. if

Welsh

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

si m (plural sïon, not mutable)

  1. murmur, hum
  2. rumour

Westrobothnian

Etymology

From Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "gmq-bot" is not valid. See WT:LOL., from Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "gmq-bot" is not valid. See WT:LOL., from Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "gmq-bot" is not valid. See WT:LOL.. See also Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "gmq-bot" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E..

Pronunciation

  • (Umeå) Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "gmq-bot" is not valid. See WT:LOL.
  • (Skellefteå) Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "gmq-bot" is not valid. See WT:LOL.
  • (Luleå) Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "gmq-bot" is not valid. See WT:LOL.
  • (Kalix) Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "gmq-bot" is not valid. See WT:LOL.
    Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "gmq-bot" is not valid. See WT:LOL.
    Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "ð-dropping" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "gmq-bot" is not valid. See WT:LOL.
    Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "northern í-ý merger" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "gmq-bot" is not valid. See WT:LOL.

Verb

Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "gmq-bot" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.

  1. To see

Template:related terms

Zhuang

Etymology

From Chinese 市 (shì).

Pronunciation

Noun

si (1957–1982 spelling si)

  1. city

Derived terms

Zou

Noun

si

  1. blood

References

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