Appendix:Egyptian Arabic Swadesh list

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See Appendix:Arabic Swadesh list This is a Swadesh list of words in Egyptian Arabic, compared with definitions in English.

Introduction

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This is a Swadesh list of 207 words in English and w:Egyptian Arabic. The Swadesh word list, developed by the linguist w:Morris Swadesh, is used as a tool to study the evolution of languages. It contains a set of basic words which can be found in every language. Various versions have been created, in particular:

  • a complete 207 words version, in which some of the words are not found in every environment (it contains for instance snake and snow)
  • a reduced 100 words version.

This word list should not be considered as an elementary lexicon to communicate with speakers of a given language; for such a purpose, the numerous existing Wikivoyage lexicons are more useful. Its only objective is to give a rough idea of the language, by showing its lexical and, when possible, phonetics basis.

List

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No. English Egyptian Arabic
مصرى, /ˈmɑsri, ˈmɑsˤri/
IPA
pronunciation
1 I انا /ˈænæ/
2 you (singular) انت, انتى /ˈentæ/ (m), /ˈenti/ (f)
3 he هو /ˈhowwæ/
4 we احنا /ˈeħnæ/
5 you (plural) انتو /ˈento/
6 they هما /ˈhommæ/
7 this ده ,دى, دول /dæ/ (m), /di/ (f) /doːl/ (pl) (these/those)
8 that دوّت, ديّت, دولات /ˈdæwwat/ (m), /ˈdejjat/ (f) /doːlæt/ (pl) (these/those)
9 here هنا, اهو /ˈhenæ/, /æˈho/
10 there هناك /heˈnæːk/
11 who مين /miːn/
12 what ايه /ʔeːh/
13 where فين /feːn/
14 when امتى /ˈemtæ/
15 how ازاى /ezˈzæːj/
16 not مش /meʃ/, /moʃ/
17 all كل /koll/
18 many كتير /keˈtiːr/
19 some شوية /ʃoˈwæjjæ, ʃeˈwæjjæ/
20 few قليّل /ʔoˈlæjjel/
21 other تانى /ˈtæːni/
22 one واحد, واحدة /ˈwæːħed/ (m), /ˈwæħdæ/ (f)
23 two اتنين /etˈneːn/
24 three تلاتة /tæˈlæːtæ/
25 four اربعة /ɑrˈbɑʕɑ/
26 five خمسة /ˈxæmsæ/
27 big كبير /keˈbiːr/
28 long طويل /tˤoˈwiːl, te-/
29 wide واسع /ˈwæːseʕ/
30 thick تخين /teˈxiːn/
31 heavy تقيل /teˈʔiːl/
32 small صغيّر /soˈɣɑjjɑr, soˈɣɑnnan/
33 short قصيّر /ʔoˈsˤɑjjɑr/
34 narrow ضيق /ˈdæjjæʔ/
35 thin رفيّع /roˈfɑjjɑʕ/
36 woman ست /sett/
37 man (male) راجل /ˈrɑːɡel/
38 man (human) انسان, بنى ادم /enˈsæːn/, /ˈbæni ˈʔæːdæm/
39 child عيل /ˈʕæjjel/
40 wife مراة /meˈrɑːt-/
41 husband جوز /ɡoːz/
42 mother أم /ʔomm/
43 father اب, ابو /ʔɑbb/, /ʔæbo-/
44 animal حيوان /ħæjæˈwæːn/
45 fish سمكة /ˈsæmækæ/
46 bird طير, عصفورة /tˤeːr/, /teːr/; /ʕɑsˤˈfuːrɑ/
47 dog كلب /kælb/
48 louse قملة /ˈʔæmlæ/
49 snake تعبان, حنش /teʕˈbæːn/, /ˈħænæʃ/
50 worm دودة /ˈduːdæ/
51 tree شجرة /ˈʃɑɡɑrɑ/
52 forest غابة /ˈɣæːbæ/
53 stick عصاية /ʕɑˈsˤɑːjɑ/
54 fruit فاكهة /ˈfæk.ha/
55 seed حباية, بذرة, تقاوى /ħæbˈbæːjæ/, /ˈbezræ/, /tæˈʔæːwi/
56 leaf ورقة /ˈwæræʔæ/
57 root جدر /ɡedr/
58 bark (of a tree) جدع /ɡedʕ/
59 flower وردة /ˈwærdæ/
60 grass نجيلة, حشيش /neɡiːlæ/, /ħæˈʃiːʃ/
61 rope حبل /ħæbl/
62 skin جلد /ɡeld/
63 meat لحمة /ˈlæħmæ/
64 blood دم /dæmm/
65 bone عضم /ʕɑdm/
66 fat (noun) دهن /dehn/
67 egg بيضة /ˈbeːdɑ/
68 horn قرن /ʔɑrn/
69 tail ديل /deːl/
70 feather ريشة /ˈriːʃæ/
71 hair شعر /ʃɑʕr/
72 head راس, دماغ /rɑːs/, /deˈmæːɣ/
73 ear ودن /wedn/
74 eye عين /ʕeːn/
75 nose مناخير /mænæˈxiːr/
76 mouth بق, حنك /boʔʔ/, /ħæˈnæk/
77 tooth سنة /ˈsennæ/
78 tongue لسان /leˈsæːn/
79 fingernail ضافر, ضفر /ˈdɑːfer/, /dofr/
80 foot رجل /reɡl/
81 leg رجل /reɡl/
82 knee ركبة /ˈrokbæ/
83 hand ايد /ʔiːd/
84 wing جناح /ɡeˈnæːħ/
85 belly بطن /bɑtˤn/
86 guts مصرين /mɑsˤɑriːn/
87 neck رقبة /ˈræʔæbæ/
88 back ضهر /dɑhr/
89 breast صدر, بز /sedr/, /bezz/
90 heart قلب /ʔælb/
91 liver كبد /kebd/
92 to drink شرب, يشرب /ˈʃereb/, /ˈjeʃrɑb/
93 to eat كل, اكل, ياكل /kæl/, /ʔækæl/, /ˈjæːkol/
94 to bite عض, يعض /ʕɑdd/, /jeˈʕodd/
95 to suck مص, يمص /mɑsˤs/, /jeˈmoss/
96 to spit تف, يتف /tæff/, /jeˈteff/
97 to vomit رجّع, يرجّع, طرش, يطرش /ˈræɡɡæʕ/, /jeˈræɡɡæʕ/, /ˈtˤɑrɑʃ/, /ˈjetˤroʃ/
98 to blow نفخ, ينفخ /ˈnæfæx/, /ˈjenfox/
99 to breathe اتنفس, يتنفس /etˈnæffes/, /jetˈnæffes/
100 to laugh ضحك, يضحك /ˈdeħek/, /ˈjedħæk/
101 to see شاف, يشوف /ʃæːf/, /jeˈʃuːf/
102 to hear سمع, يسمع /ˈsemeʕ/, /ˈjesmæʕ/
103 to know عرف, يعرف /ˈʕeref/, /ˈjeʕrɑf/
104 to think فكّر, يفكّر, افتكر, يفتكر /ˈfɑkkɑr/, /jeˈfɑkkɑr/, /efˈtɑkɑr/, /jefˈtikir/
105 to smell شم, يشم /ʃamm/, /jeˈʃemm/
106 to fear خاف, يخاف /xæːf/, /jeˈxæːf/
107 to sleep نام, ينام /næːm/, /jeˈnæːm/
108 to live عاش, يعيش /ʕæːʃ/, /jeˈʕiːʃ /
109 to die مات, يموت /mæːt/, /jeˈmuːt/
110 to kill موّت, يموّت, قتل, يقتل /ˈmæwwet/, /jeˈmæwwet/, /ˈʔætæl/, /ˈjeʔtel/
111 to fight اتخانق, يتخانق /etˈxæːneʔ/, /jetˈxæːneʔ/, /etˈʕærek/, /jetˈʕærek/
112 to hunt اصطاد, يصطاد /esˈtˤɑːd/, /jesˈtˤɑːd/
113 to hit ضرب, يضرب /ˈdɑrɑb/, /ˈjedrɑb/
114 to cut قطع, يقطع /ˈʔɑtˤɑʕ/, /ˈjeʔtˤɑʕ/
115 to split شق, يشق /ʃæʔʔ/, /jeˈʃoʔʔ/
116 to stab طعن, يطعن /ˈtˤɑʕɑn/; /ˈjetˤʕɑn, ˈjetʕɑn/
117 to scratch خربش, يخربش /ˈxærbeʃ/, /jeˈxærbeʃ/
118 to dig حفر, يحفر /ˈħɑfɑr/, /ˈjeħfor/
119 to swim عام, يعوم /ʕæːm/, /jeˈʕuːm/
120 to fly طار, يطير /tˤɑːr/; /jeˈtˤiːr, jeˈtiːr/
121 to walk مشى, يمشى /ˈmeʃi/, /ˈjemʃi/
122 to come جه, جا, ييجى /ɡe/, /ɡæ/; /ˈjiːɡi/
123 to lie (as in a bed) نام, ينام /næːm/, /jeˈnæːm/
124 to sit قعد, يعد, يقعد /ˈʔæʕæd/; /ˈjoʕod, ˈje-/; /ˈjoʔʕod, ˈje-/
125 to stand وقف, يقف /ˈweʔef/; /ˈjoʔɑf, ˈjoʔæf/
126 to turn (intransitive) لف, يلف /læff/, /jeˈleff/
127 to fall وقع, يقع /ˈweʔeʕ/; /ˈjoʔɑʕ, ˈjoʔæʕ/
128 to give ادا, يدى /ˈeddæ/, /ˈjeddi/
129 to hold مسك, يمسك /ˈmesek/, /ˈjemsek/
130 to squeeze عصر, يعصر /ˈʕɑsˤɑr/, /ˈjeʕsor/
131 to rub دعك, يدعك /ˈdæʕæk/, /jedʕæk/
132 to wash غسل, يغسل /ˈɣæsæl/, /ˈjeɣsel/
133 to wipe مسح, يمسح /ˈmæsæħ/, /ˈjemsæħ/
134 to pull شد, يشد /ʃædd/, /jeˈʃedd/
135 to push زق, يزق /zæʔʔ/, /jeˈzoʔʔ/
136 to throw رمى, يرمى /ˈræmæ/, /ˈjermi/
137 to tie ربط, يربط /ˈrɑbɑtˤ/; /ˈjerbotˤ, ˈjerbot/
138 to sew خيّط, يخيّط /ˈxɑjjɑtˤ/, /jeˈxɑjjɑtˤ/
139 to count عد, يعد /ʕædd/, /jeˈʕedd/
140 to say قال, يقول /ʔæːl/, /jeˈʔuːl/
141 to sing غنّا, يغنّى /ˈɣænna/, /jeˈɣænni/
142 to play لعب, يلعب /ˈleʕeb/, /ˈjelʕæb/
143 to float عام, يعوم /ʕæːm/, /jeˈʕuːm/
144 to flow جرى, يجرى /ˈɡeri/, /ˈjeɡri/
145 to freeze تلّج, يتلّج, جمّد, يجمّد /ˈtælleɡ/, /jeˈtælleɡ/, /ˈɡæmmed/, /jeˈɡæmmed/
146 to swell ورم, يورم /ˈwerem/, /ˈjewrɑm/
147 sun شمس /ʃæms/
148 moon قمر /ˈʔɑmɑr/
149 star نجمة /ˈneɡmæ/
150 water مية /ˈmɑjjɑ/
151 rain مطرة, مطر /ˈmɑtˤɑrɑ/, /ˈmɑtˤɑr/
152 river بحر, نهر /bɑħr/, /nɑhr/
153 lake بحيرة, بركة /boˈħeːræ/, /ˈberkæ/
154 sea بحر /bɑħr/
155 salt ملح /mælħ/
156 stone حجر, حجرة, طوبة /ˈħɑɡɑr/; /ˈħɑɡɑrɑ/; /ˈtˤuːbɑ, ˈtuːbɑ/
157 sand رملة, رمل /ˈrɑmlɑ, rɑml/
158 dust تراب /toˈrɑːb/
159 earth ارض /ʔɑrd/
160 cloud سحابة, غيمة /seˈħæːbæ/, /ˈɣeːmæ/
161 fog شبورة, ضباب /ʃɑbˈbuːrɑ/, /dɑˈbɑːb/
162 sky سما /ˈsæmæ/
163 wind هوا /ˈhæwæ/
164 snow تلج /tælɡ/
165 ice تلج /tælɡ/
166 smoke دخان /doxˈxæːn/
167 fire نار /nɑːr/
168 ash رماد /rɑmɑːd/
169 to burn حرق, يحرق /ˈħæræʔ/, /ˈjeħræʔ/
170 road طريق, سكة /tˤɑˈriːʔ/, /ˈsekka/
171 mountain جبل /ˈɡæbæl/
172 red احمر /ˈʔɑħmɑr/
173 green اخضر /ˈɑxdɑr/
174 yellow اصفر /ˈɑsˤfɑr, ˈɑsˤfɑr/
175 white ابيض /ˈɑbjɑd/
176 black اسود /ˈeswed/
177 night ليلة /ˈleːlæ/
178 day يوم, نهار /joːm/, /nɑˈhɑːr/
179 year سنة /ˈsænæ/
180 warm دافى /ˈdæːfi/
181 cold برد, سقعان, ساقع /bærd/, /sæʔˈʕæːn/, /ˈsæːʔeʕ/
182 full مليان /mælˈjæːn/
183 new جديد /ɡeˈdiːd/
184 old قديم /ʔæˈdiːm/
185 good كويس, طيب /koˈwæjjes/, /tˤɑjjeb /
186 bad وحش /ˈweħeʃ/
187 rotten معفن /meˈʕæffen/
188 dirty وسخ /ˈwesex/
189 straight عدل /ˈʕedel/
190 round مدور /meˈdɑwwɑr/
191 sharp (as a knife) حامى /ˈħæːmi/
192 dull (as a knife) تلم /ˈtelem/
193 smooth ناعم /ˈnæːʕem/
194 wet مبلول /mæbˈluːl/
195 dry ناشف /ˈnæːʃef/
196 correct صح /sɑħħ, sˤɑħħ/
197 near قريّب /ʔoˈræjjeb, ʔoˈrɑjjeb/
198 far بعيد /beˈʕiːd/
199 right يمين /jeˈmiːn/
200 left شمال /ʃeˈmæːl/
201 at عند /ʕænd/
202 in فى /fe-/
203 with مع, ب /ˈmæʕæ/, /be-/
204 and و /w(e)-/
205 if لو, اذا, ان /læw/, /ˈezæ/, /ʔen/
206 because عشان, علشان /ʕæˈʃæːn/, /ʕælæˈʃæːn/
207 name اسم /ʔesm/

References

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  • Martin Hinds, El-Said Badawi: 1987, A Dictionary of Egyptian Arabic, puiblished by the French & European Pubns, →ISBN.

See also

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Swadesh lists
Individual languages
Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Constructed languages
Reconstructed proto-languages
(edit this template)