Appendix:Numerals in various languages
Appearance
The following tables list the cardinal number names and symbols for the numbers 0 through 10 in various languages and scripts of the world. Where possible, each language's native writing system is used, along with transliterations where applicable.
Language families of Eurasia and North Africa (excluding Eskaleut and Yeniseian)
[edit]| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ainu (adnominal) | シネ sine |
トゥ tu |
レ re |
イネ ine |
アシㇰネ asikne |
イワン iwan |
アㇻワン arwan |
トゥペサン tupesan |
シネペサン sinepesan |
ワン wan | |
| Ainu (counting) | sinep | tup | rep | ínep | asik | iwan | arwan | tupes | sinepes | wanpe | |
| Kuril | шинепь | тупь | непь | инепь | ашинепь | отьвампь | аравампь | тумисампе | шинимисампе | оампе | |
| Kamchatkan Kuril | синепь | тупь | репь | инепь | азикь | ивань | арвамь | тубись | синепись | уупись |
| Language | 1 | 2 | 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jarawa | wəyə | nayə | kaŋ itəjile |
| Onge | -i-uaiya | -i-naɡa | -i-rejidda |
| Aslian languages[2] | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cheq Wong | nãy | ber | pɛd | pan | limãʔ | ʔənãm | tud͡ʒoh/tuɟoh | lapan | səmilan | səpuluh | |
| Semai | nanəʔ | naːr | niːʔ | ʔm̩pat | limaːʔ | naːm | tuɟoh | lapaːn | smilaːn | spuloh | |
| Semelai | muy | duwaʔ | hmpɛʔ | hmpon | məsɔŋ | ʔnam pruʔ |
tud͡ʒuh tmpɔh |
lapan kitwit |
smilan kantim |
səpuluh kumai | |
| Semaq Beri (eastern Terengganu) | muy | hmar | hmpɛʔ | hmpon | msɔŋ | ənam | tud͡ʒuh | lapan | səmbilan | muy puluh | |
| Bahnaric languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Bahnar | môñh /moːɲ/ |
ʼbal /ʔbaːr/ |
pêng /peːŋ/ |
puăn /pwan/ |
pơʼdăm /pəʔdam/ |
tơdrâu /tədrəw/ |
tơpơh /təpəh/ |
tơhngam /təhŋaːm/ |
tơsĭn /təsin/ |
jĭt /(miɲ) ɟĭt/ | |
| Cua | muːiʔ | vaːl | pe | poːt | dap | drəu | pəh | tʰəːm | siːt | kɨ̆l | |
| Sedang | moːj | peˤa | paˤj | puˤn | pətaˤam | tədraˤw | təpah | təheˤam | tət͡ʃin | (moːj) t͡ʃat | |
| Jru' | muj | bər | pɛ | puan | sʌŋ | trăw | pʌh | tʰam | cin | cĕt | |
| Katuic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Kuy | mɯ̤ːy | ɓaːr | pay | pɐːn | sɐːŋ | tɘpɞ̤t | tɘpɤ̤ːl | tɘkɯ̤ɐl | tɘkeːh | mɘcɜ | |
| Upper Ta'Oi | mo̰ːj | ba̰ːr | pɛ̰ː | pṵᵃn | sɔːŋ | tapat | tapoːl | takɔ̰ːl | takḭᵃɕ | maᶮcit | |
| Khasi-Palaungic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Khasi | wei [wej] shi [ʃi] |
ar [ʔaːr] |
lai [laːj] |
saw [saːo] |
san [san] |
hynriew [hnriːu] |
hynñiew [hnɲeu] |
phra [pʰra] |
khyndai [kʰndaj] |
(shi)phew [(ʃi) pʰeːu] | |
| War (Nongbareh) | miː ʃi |
ʔũə | laː | riːa | ran | tʰroːu | hntʰlaː | hmpʔũə | hnʃʔaː | (ʃi) pʰuːa | |
| Palé Palaung | ʔu | ʔa | ʔoi | pʰuan | pʰan | dɔ | bɤu | da | dim | ɡʌ | |
| Riang Lai (Yinchia) |
hɔ⁴⁴ | ɡɑ³³ ʔar⁴⁴ | ɡɑ³³ wai⁴⁴ | ɡɑ³³ bon⁴⁴ | kʰan⁴⁴ | doal³⁵ | dɑ³³ bul⁴⁴ | bɤr³³ daʔ⁴⁴ | dim³⁵ | sɑ³³ ɡɔl⁴⁴ | |
| Danau | ʔɑʔ | ʔɛ̀ɴ | ʔùi | pɯ̀ɴ | tʰòɴ | túɴ | pɐʔ | sɛ̀ɴ | sɑ̀ɴ | mə-cìɴ | |
| Palauk Wa | tiʔ | ra | loe | pon | pʰuan | lia | alia | daiʔ | dim | kao | |
| Awa | tʰɛiˀ | rɑ | luɛ | pon | pʰuɑn | liɯh | ˀɑ liɯh | si tɛˀ | si tem | kɔ | |
| Lamet | mʊʊj | ləˀáa | ləˀooj | poon | pʰan | taal | puul | taˀ | tiim | kéel | |
| Hu (Angku) | a mɔ³¹ | ka a³³ | ka oi³¹ | a pʰon³¹ | pa θan³⁵ | ń̩tʰɔl³³ | ń̩tʰil³³ | ma tʰa³¹ | ma ŋɔm³¹ | ma ŋ̩́kit³¹ | |
| Blang | tiʔ³¹ | lal³⁵ | loi³⁵ | pun³⁵ | pʰɔn³⁵ | lel̥³³ | ʔa³¹ka³³¹lel̥³³ | xɔŋ³¹tiˀ³¹ | kaˀ³¹ tim³⁵ | kul³³ | |
| Bit (Psing)[3] | mooc | buər | |||||||||
| Bumang | lu²⁴ | bɯa²⁴ | pia²⁴ | pɔn⁵⁵ | səŋ⁵⁵ | hok²⁴ | tset²⁴ | pɛt²⁴ | kău¹² | sip²⁴ | |
| Khmer languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Old Khmer | moy ~ mvāy /moːy/ ~ /muːəy/ |
ver ~ vyar /beːr/ ~ /biːər/ |
pi /ɓiː/ | pon ~ pvan /ɓoːn/ ~ /ɓuːən/ |
praṃ /pram/ | praṃ moy ~ praṃ mvāy | praṃ ver ~ praṃ vyar | praṃ pi | praṃ pon ~ praṃ pvan | tap[4] /ɗɔp/ | |
| Khmer | ០ សូន្យ (soun) |
១ មួយ (muəy) |
២ ពីរ (pii) |
៣ បី (bəy) |
៤ បួន (buən) |
៥ ប្រាំ (pram) |
៦ ប្រាំមួយ (pram muəy) |
៧ ប្រាំពីរ (pram pii) |
៨ ប្រាំបី (pram bəy) |
៩ ប្រាំបួន (pram buən) |
១០ ដប់ (dɑp) |
| Northern Khmer (Surin) |
mʊːy | piːr | bɛy | bʊːn | pram | prammʊːy | prampil | prambɛy | prambʊːn | dɒp | |
| Khmuic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Khmu[5] | muːj | baːr | peʔ | puon | pʰuoŋ | toːl | kul | tiː | katɕ | kan | |
| Ơ Đu | dəəj | baar | pɛj | pan | sɔɔŋ | tuul | kyguul | kntɛj | kndrooŋ | kngool | |
| Mlabri | mɔy | bær̃ | pæˀ | pon | tʰəŋ | tal | ɡul | tiˀ | ɡaiš | ɡal | |
| Mang language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Mang | mak⁵⁵ | ʑɯa⁵¹ | pe⁵¹ | pon¹¹ | han⁵¹ | ɣɔm⁵¹ | tɐm³¹-py⁵⁵ | tɐm³¹-ham¹¹ | tɐm³¹-θin⁵¹ | ɡi³¹ (mɛ⁵⁵) | |
| Monic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Mon | ၀ သုည |
၁ မွဲ /mòa/ |
၂ ၜါ /ba/ |
၃ ပိ /pɔeˀ/ |
၄ ပန် /pɔn/ |
၅ မသုန် /pəsɔn/ |
၆ တရဴ /kərao/ |
၇ ထပှ် /həpɔh/ |
၈ ဒတံ /həcam/ |
၉ ဒစိတ် /həcit/ |
၁၀ စှ် /cɔh/ |
| Nyah Kur | mùəy | ɓaar | piiʔ | pan | chuun | traw | mpɔh | ɲcaam | ɲciit | cas | |
| Munda languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Kharia | mõɲ | ubar | uafe | eafɔn | mɔlɔy | tibru | tʰam | tʰɔm | tʰɔmsiŋ | gʰɔl | |
| Mundari | मियद miyad |
बारिया baria |
आपिया apiya |
उपनिआ upuniya |
मोड़ेया monreya |
तुरिया turia |
एया eya |
इरलिया iriliya |
आरेया ereya |
गेलेया geleya | |
| Santali | mitˀ | bar | pɛ | pon | mɔ̃ɽɛ̃ | turui | eae | irəl | arɛ | gɛl | |
| Sora | əboi | baɡɡu | jaɡi | ʊndʒi | monloi | tudru | ɡuldʒi | tamdʒi | tindʒi | ɡaldʒi | |
| Nicobarese languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Car | heŋ ~ hɛŋ ~ hɛːŋ kaˈhoˑk ~ kaˈhuk |
nɛːt ~ ʔɑnɛːt | luˑj | fɛˑn | tɑˈnɨj | tɑˈfuˑl | sɑt | ˈhɛvhərɛ ~ ˈhɛˑhərɛ | mɑˈcuhtərɛ ~ mɑˈcuˑtərɛ | heŋ ʔɑˈnɑˑj siˑn ~ sɤm | |
| Nancowry | xiˑəŋ | ʔɑ̃ː | luˑəj | fuˑɑn | t̪ɑːnɑˑj | t̪ɑfuˑə | ʔisɑˑt | ʔinfuˑɑn | xeˑɑŋxɑt̪ə | səˑm | |
| Chaura | hiəŋ | ɛ̃ː | ɾoic | fɛːn | t̪aːɛ | t̪əfuːəl | isat̪ | ənfɛːn | kəlʔɛːn | sɔm | |
| Shompen[6] | heng | àu | luge | fuat | taiṅ | lagàu | aiṅ | towe | lungi | teya | |
| Pakanic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Bolyu | mə³³ | bi⁵⁵ | paːi⁵⁵ | puːn⁵³ | me³¹ | piu⁵³ | pai⁵⁵ | saːm⁵³ | ɕən⁵³ | maːn³³ | |
| Bugan | bɔ⁵⁵/mə⁵⁵ | biɔ³¹/bi³¹ | mtse³¹ | pau³³ | mi³³ | pi̠o̠³³ | po̠u̠³¹ | sã³³ | ɕi³³ | mã³¹ | |
| Pearic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Pear (1941)[7] | muəj | piər̃ | paj | paon | prăm | prăm muəj | prăm piər̃ | prăm paj | prăm paon | dɑp | |
| Chong (Western) | mo̤oˀj | pʰa̤aˀj | pʰeeˀw | pʰooˀn | pʰram | katɔɔŋ | kanṳuj | katii | kacha̤aj | ra̤aj | |
| Somray | mṳuj | pa̤ar | pʰa̤j | pʰo̤on | pram | kruuŋ | kʰnuul | kətii | kɤnsaar | raaj | |
| Vietic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Proto-Vietic | *moːc | *haːr | *paː | *poːnʔ | *ɗam | *p-ruːʔ | *pəs | *saːmʔ | *ciːnʔ | *maːl *ɟuːk | |
| Thavung (Aheu) | mɔːc¹¹ | haːl⁵⁵ | paː⁵⁵ | poːn⁵³ˀ | ɗam⁵⁵ | pʰaluʔ⁵⁵ | pih⁵⁵ | saːm⁵³ˀ | ciːn⁵³ˀ | sip⁵⁵ | |
| Mường | môch moc¹¹ |
hal haːl⁵⁵ |
pa pa⁵⁵ |
pổn pon²¹ˀ |
đăm ˀdam⁵⁵ |
khảu kʰaw²¹ˀ |
páy paj²² |
thảm tʰaːm²¹ˀ |
chỉn cin²¹ˀ |
mườl mɨəl²⁵ | |
| Vietnamese | 空 không |
𠬠 một mot²¹ |
𠄩 hai haːj³³ |
𠀧 ba baː³³ |
𦊚 bốn bon⁴⁵ |
𠄼 năm nam³³ |
𦒹 sáu saw⁴⁵ |
𦉱 bảy baj³¹² |
𠔭 tám taːm⁴⁵ |
𠃩 chín cin⁴⁵ |
𨒒 mười mɨəj²¹ chục (tenth) |
| Sino-Vietnamese | 零 linh |
一 nhất |
二 nhị 兩 lưỡng |
三 tam |
四 tứ |
五 ngũ |
六 lục |
七 thất |
八 bát |
九 cửu |
十 thập |
Austronesian and Kra-Dai languages
[edit]| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Old Georgian | ერთი (erti) | ორი (ori) | სამი (sami) | ოთხი (otxi) | ხუთი (xuti) | ექუსი (ekusi) | შჳდი (šwidi) | რვაჲ (rvay) | ცხრაჲ (cxray) | ათი (ati) | |
| Georgian | ნული (nuli) | ერთი (erti) [ɛrt.i] |
ორი (ori) [ɔr.i] |
სამი (sami) [sɑm.i] |
ოთხი (otxi) [ɔtχ.i] |
ხუთი (xuti) [χut.i] |
ექვსი (ekvsi) [ɛkvs.i] |
შვიდი (švidi) [ʃvid.i] |
რვა (rva) [rvɑ] |
ცხრა (cxra) [tsχrɑ] |
ათი (ati) [ɑt.i] |
| Laz | არ (ar) [ɑɼ] |
ჟურ (jur) [ʒuɼ] |
სუმ (sum) [sum] |
ოთხო (otxo) [ɔtxɔ] |
ხუთი (xuti) [xut] |
აში (aşi) [ɑʃi] |
შქით (şkit) [ʃkit] |
ოვრო (ovro) [ɔɣrɔ] |
ჩხორო (çxoro) [t͡ʃɔɣrɔ] |
ვით (vit) [vit] | |
| Mingrelian | ართი (arti) [ɑrt.i] აკა (aḳa) [ɑk’ɑ] |
ჟირი (žiri) [ʒir.i] |
სუმი (sumi) [sum.i] |
ოთხი (otxi) [ɔtχ.i] |
ხუთი (xuti) [χut.i] |
ამშვი (amšvi) [ɑmʃv.i] |
შქვითი (škviti) [ʃkvit.i] |
(ბ)რუო ((b)ruo) [(b)ruɔ] |
ჩხორო (čxoro) [tʃχɔrɔ] |
ვითი (viti) [vit.i] | |
| Svan | ეშხუ (ešxu) [ɛʃχu] |
ჲორი (yori) [jɔr.i] |
სემი (semi) [sɛm.i] |
უ̂ოშთხუ̂ (ûoštxû) [wɔʃtχw] |
უ̂ოხუ̂იშდ (ûoxûišd) [wɔχwiʃd] |
უსგუ̂ა (usgûa) [usgwɑ] |
იშგუ̂იდ (išgûid) [iʃgwid] |
არა (ara) [ɑrɑ] |
ჩხარა (čxara) [tʃχɑrɑ] |
ჲეშდ (yešd) [jɛʃd] | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Andi | se.b | tʃ’e.ɡu | ɬob.ɡu | boɢo.ɡu | inʃːdu.ɡu | ontɬi.ɡu | hotɬ’u.ɡu | bijtɬ’ai.ɡu | hotʃ’o.ɡu | hots’o.ɡu | |
| Chamalal | se.b | etʃ’i.dɑ | ɬɑɬɑ.dɑ | boʔu.dɑ | ĩsːu.dɑ | ɑnt͡ɬi.dɑ | ɑnt͡ɬ’u.dɑ | bet͡ɬ’i.dɑ | ɑt͡ʃ’ːɑ.dɑ | ɑt͡s’ːɑ.dɑ | |
| Avar | цо (co) [t͡sɔ] |
кӏиго (kʼigo) [k’i.ɡɔ] |
лъабго (lˢabgo) [ɬɑb.ɡɔ] |
ункъо (unqxʼo) [unq’.ɔ] |
щуго (ššugo) [ʃːu.ɡɔ] |
анлъго (anlˢgo) [ɑnk͡ɬː.ɡɔ] |
анкьго (ankkˡʼgo) [ɑnk͡ɬː’.ɡɔ] |
микьго (mikkˡʼgo) [mik͡ɬː’.ɡɔ] |
ичӏго (ičʼgo) [it͡ʃ:’.ɡɔ] |
анцӏго (ancʼgo) [ɑnt͡s’.ɡɔ] | |
| Tsez | sis | q’ˤɑno | ɬono | ujno | ɬeno | iɬno | ʕot͡ɬno | bit͡ɬno | ot͡ʃ’ino | ot͡s’ino | |
| Bezhta | нол | гьонс [hõs] |
къона [q’o-nɑ] |
лъана [ɬɑ-nɑ] |
оьнкъоьнаь [õːq’o-nɑ] |
лъина [ɬi-nɑ] |
илъна [iɬ-nɑ] |
алӏна [ɑt͡ɬ-nɑ] |
белӏна [bet͡ɬ-nɑ] |
аьчӏена [ɑt͡ʃ’e-nɑ] |
ацӏона [ɑt͡s’o-nɑ] |
| Hunzib | гьынс [hə̃s] |
къану [q’an.u] |
лъана [ɬa̞.na̞] |
окъен [oq’e.n] |
лъино [ɬi.no] |
илъно [iɬ.no] |
алӏно [ɑt͡ɬ.no] |
белӏно [bet͡ɬ.no] |
учӏин [ut͡ʃ’i.n] |
ацӏын [ɑt͡s’ə.n] | |
| Bats | цхьа [t͡sħɑ] |
ши [ʃi] |
кхо [qo] |
дӏивъ [d-ʕivɦ] |
пхи [pχi] |
етх [jɛtχ] |
ворлъ [vorɬ] |
барлъ [bɑrɬ] |
исс [isː] |
итӏтӏ [itː’] | |
| Chechen | цхьаъ [t͡sħɑ̰ʔ] |
шиъ [ʃiʔ] |
кхоъ [qɔʔ] |
диъ[8] [diʔ] |
пхиъ [pχiʔ] |
йалх [jalχ] |
ворхӏ [ʋɔr̥] |
бархӏ [bɑr̥] |
исс [ʔisː] |
итт [ʔitː] | |
| Dargin (Gubden) | секӏал агар sek’al agar нол nol |
ца ca |
кӏел k’el |
хӏябал ħaˤbal |
авъал awʔal |
шуел šuyel |
урегал uregal |
ерхӏел yerħel |
гехӏел geħel |
урчӏемал urč’emal |
ецӏал yec’al |
| Dargin (Mekegi) | нул nul |
ца ca |
кӏвел k’ʷel |
хӏябал ħaˤbal |
авъал awʔal |
швел šʷel |
урегал uregal |
йерхӏел yerħel |
гахӏел gaħel |
урчӏемал urč’emal |
йецӏал yec’al |
| Dargin (Usisha) | нуль nulʲ |
ца ca |
кӏел k’el |
гӏябал ʕaˤbal |
агъал aɣal |
хьал x̌al |
уреккал urek̄al |
йарал yaral |
ккехӏел k̄eħel |
урчӏемал urč’emal |
йецӏал yec’al |
| Lak | t͡sɑ | k’i | ʃɑn | muq’ | χχˤu | rɑχˤ | ɑrul | mɑˤj | urt͡ʃ’ | ɑt͡s’ | |
| Khinalug | sɑ | k’u | pʃʷɑ | unʀ | pxu | zæk | jik’ | ink’ | joz | jæʕiz | |
| Lezgian | сад (sad) [sɑd] |
кьвед (q̇ved) [qʷ’ed] |
пуд (pud) [pud] |
кьуд (q̇ud) [q’ud] |
вад (vad) [wɑd] |
ругуд (rugud) [ruɡud] |
ирид (irid) [irid] |
муьжуьд (müžüd) [myʒyd] |
кӏуьд (ḳüd) [k’yd] |
цӏуд (c̣ud) [t͡s’ud] | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Ubykh | zɑ | t’qʷ’ɑ | ɕɑ | p’ɬ’ə | ʃχə | fə | blə | ʁʷɑ | bʁʲə | ʒʷə | |
| Kabardian | зы [zə] |
тӏу [t’əw] |
щы [ɕə] |
плӏы [p’ɬ’ə] |
тху [txʷə] |
хы [xə] |
блы [bɮə] |
и [jə] |
бгъу [bʁʷə] |
пщӏы [p’ɕ’ə] | |
| Abkhaz | акы (akʼə) [ɑ.k’ə] |
ҩба (jʷba) [jʷ.bɑ] |
хԥа (xpa) [χ.pɑ] |
ԥшьба (pšba) [pʃ.bɑ] |
хәба (xʷba) [χʷ.bɑ] |
фба (fba) [f.bɑ] |
бжьба (bžba) [b(ə)ʒ.bɑ] |
ааба (aaba) [ɑː.bɑ] |
жәба (ẑʷba) [ʒʷ.bɑ] |
жәаба (ẑʷaba) [ʒʷɑ.bɑ] | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan | *qun | *ŋiðæq | *ŋəroq | *ŋəraq | |||||||
| Chukotkan languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Alutor | ənnan | ŋitaq | ŋəruqqə | ŋəraqqə | məlləŋən | ənnanməlləŋən | ŋitaqməlləŋən | ŋəruqməlləŋən | ŋəraqməlləŋən | mənɣəkin | |
| Chukchi | ыннэн ənnen |
ӈирэӄ ŋireq (male speaker) ŋiceq (female speaker) |
ӈыроӄ ŋəroq |
ӈыраӄ ŋəraq |
мэтԓыӈэн mətləŋen |
ыннанмытԓыӈэн ənnanmətləŋen |
ӈэръамытԓыӈэн ŋerʔamətləŋen |
амӈырооткэн amŋərootken |
ӄонъачгынкэн qonʔacəŋken |
мынгыткэн mənɣətken | |
| Koryak | ənnen | ŋəcceq | ŋəjoq | ŋəjaq | məlləŋen | ənnanməlləŋen | ŋəjaqməlləŋen | ŋəjoqməlləŋen | qonʲʀajcəŋken | mənɣətken | |
| Kerek | ənnan | ŋitɕtɕaq | ŋijuq | ŋijaq | məlləŋi | ənnanməlləŋi | ŋitɕtɕaqməlləŋi | amŋjujutɕi | qunħajtɕiŋi | mnətɕitɕi | |
| Kamchatkan languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Itelmen (Western) | qniŋ | kasχ | c’oq | c’aq | kuvumnuk | kelvuk | etuktunuk | coʔoktunuk | caʔaktanak | tovassa |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brahui | صفر | اسٹ [asiʈː] |
ارٹ [iraʈː] |
مسٹ [musiʈː] |
چار [t͡ʃaːr] |
پنچ [pant͡ʃ] |
شش [ʃaʃ] |
ہفت [ˀaft] |
ہشت [ˀaʃt] |
نو [noːˀ] |
دَہ [daʔ] |
| Kurukh | ओंद (ond) [ond] |
एँड़ (ẽṛ)/एंड (eṇḍ) [ẽːɽ]/[ẽːɖ] |
मूंद (mūnd) [mũːd] |
नाख़ (nāx) [naːk͡xʰ] |
पंचे (pañce) [pant͡ʃe] |
सोय (soy) [soj] |
सय (say) [saːj] |
अख़ (ax) [aːk͡xʰ] |
नय (nay) [naːj] |
दोय (doy) [doj] | |
| Duruwa (Parji) | okut̪ | uɾɖuk | muːnɖuk | naːluk | t͡ʃeɳɖuk | t͡ʃe | t͡ʃaːt̪ | aːʈ | nʌu | d̪ʌs | |
| Kannada | ೦ ಸೊನ್ನೆ (sonne) |
೧ ಒಂದು (ondu) [ont̪ʊ] |
೨ ಎರಡು (eraḍu) [eradʊ] |
೩ ಮೂರು (mūru) [mʊrʊ] |
೪ ನಾಲ್ಕು (nālku) [nɑlkʊ] |
೫ ಐದು (aidu) [aɪt̪ʊ] |
೬ ಆರು (āru) [ɑrʊ] |
೭ ಏಳು (ēḷu) [ɛl̥ʊ] |
೮ ಎಂಟು (eṇṭu) [en̥ttʊ] |
೯ ಒಂಬತ್ತು (ombattu) [onpat̪t̪ʊ] |
೧೦ ಹತ್ತು (hattu) [hat̪t̪ʊ] |
| Malayalam | ൦ പൂജ്യം (pūjyaṁ) |
൧ ഒന്ന് (onnŭ) [on̪n̪ʉ] |
൨ രണ്ട് (raṇṭŭ) [ɾɐɳɖʉ] |
൩ മൂന്ന് (mūnnŭ) [mun̪n̪ʉ] |
൪ നാല് (nālŭ) [n̪alʉ] |
൫ അഞ്ച് (añcŭ) [ɐɲd͡ʒʉ] |
൬ ആറ് (āṟŭ) [arʉ] |
൭ ഏഴ് (ēḻŭ) [eʝʉ] |
൮ എട്ട് (eṭṭŭ) [ɘʈːʉ] |
൯ ഒൻപത് (oṉpatŭ)/ഒമ്പത് (ompatŭ) [ompɐd̪ʉ] |
൰/൧൦ പത്ത് (pattŭ) [pɐt̪ːʉ] |
| Tamil | ௦ சுழியம் (cuḻiyam) |
௧ ஒன்று (oṉṟu) [ondru] |
௨ இரண்டு (iraṇṭu) [irʌndu] |
௩ மூன்று (mūṉṟu) [mũːndru] |
௪ நான்கு (nāṉku) [nɑːngu] |
௫ ஐந்து (aintu) [iʌind̪u] |
௬ ஆறு (āṟu) [ɑːru] |
௭ ஏழு (ēḻu) [eːlu] |
௮ எட்டு (eṭṭu) [etːu] |
௯ ஒன்பது (oṉpatu) [onbʌd̪u] |
௰ பத்து (pattu) [pʌt̪ːu] |
| Telugu | ౦ సున్న (sunna) |
౧ ఒకటి (okaṭi) /okaʈi/ |
౨ రెండు (reṇḍu) /reɳɖu/ |
౩ మూడు (mūḍu) /muːɖu/ |
౪ నాలుగు (nālugu) /naːlugu/ |
౫ ఐదు (aidu) /aidu/ |
౬ ఆరు (āru) /aːru/ |
౭ ఏడు (ēḍu) /eːɖu/ |
౮ ఎనిమిది (enimidi) /enimidi/ |
౯ తొమ్మిది (tommidi) /tommidi/ |
౧౦ పది (padi) /padi/ |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proto-Hmong-Mien (Ratliff 2010)[9] |
*ʔɨ | *ʔu̯i | *pjɔu | *plei | *pra | *kruk | *djuŋH | *jat | *N-ɟuə | *gju̯ɛp | |
| Bahengic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Pa-Hng (Gundong) | ji¹ | wa³⁵ | po³⁵ | ti³⁵ | tja³⁵ | tɕu⁵ | tɕaŋ⁴ | ji⁴² | ko³ | ku⁴² | |
| Hm Nai (Longhui) | i³⁵ | ua³⁵ | po³⁵ | tsi³⁵ | pia³⁵ | tju⁵⁵ | tɕa²¹ | ɕi³¹ | ko³³ | kʰu³¹ | |
| West Hmongic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Nao Klao (Nandan) | i⁴² | uɔ⁴² | pei⁴² | tlja⁴² | ptsiu³³ | tɕau³² | sɒ³¹ | jou⁵⁴ | tɕau²⁴ | tɕau⁵⁴ | |
| Numao (Libo) | tɕy³³ | yi³³ | pa³³ | tləu³³ | pja³³ | tjɤ⁴⁴ | ɕoŋ³¹ | ja³² | tɕɤ⁵⁵ | tɕɤ³² | |
| Nunu (Lingyun) | i⁵³ | əu⁵³ | pe⁵³ | tɕa⁵³ | pɤ⁵³ | tɕu²³ | ʂɔŋ²² | jo²² | tɕu³² | tɕu²² | |
| Pu No (Du’an) | i⁴⁵⁴ | aːɤ⁴⁵⁴ | pe⁴⁵⁴ | pla⁴⁵⁴ | pu⁴⁵⁴ | tɕu⁴²³ | saŋ²¹² | jo⁴² | tɕu²² | tɕu⁴² | |
| Dongnu (Qibainong) | i⁵⁵ | au³³ | pe³³ | tɬa³³ | pjo³³ | ʈu⁴¹ | sɔŋ²¹ | ʑo²¹ | tɕu¹³ | tɕu²¹ | |
| A-Hmao (Shimenkan) | i⁵⁵ | a⁵⁵ | tsɿ⁵⁵ | tl̥au⁵⁵ | pɯ⁵⁵ | tl̥au³³ | ɕaɯ³³ | ʑʱi³¹ | dʑʱa³⁵ | ɡʱau³¹ | |
| Gejia | i³³ | a³³ | tsɪ³¹ | plu³³ | tsia³³ | tɕu⁵⁵ | saŋ³¹ | ʑa¹³ | tɕa²⁴ | ku¹³ | |
| Hmong language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Written Hmong (RPA) | ib | ob | peb | plaub | tsib | rau | xya | yim | cuaj | kaum | |
| Hmong Daw (Guangnan) | 𖭑 𖬂𖬲𖬮𖬰 ʔi⁵⁵ |
𖭒 𖬒𖬰𖬮𖬰 ʔɑu⁵⁵ |
𖭓 𖬈𖬰𖬪𖬵 pei⁵⁵ |
𖭔 𖬄𖬰𖬟𖬵 plou⁵⁵ |
𖭕 𖬂𖬲𖬝𖬰 tʃɹ̩⁵⁵ |
𖭖 𖬡 ʈɻou⁴⁴ |
𖭗 𖬗𖬰𖬧𖬰 ɕã⁴⁴ |
𖭘 𖬂𖬤 ʑi²¹ |
𖭙 𖬐𖬰𖬯 tɕuɑ⁴² |
𖭑𖭐 𖬄 kou²¹ | |
| Mong Leng (Maguan) | 𖭑 𖬂𖬲𖬮𖬰 ʔi⁵⁴ |
𖭒 𖬒𖬰𖬮𖬰 ʔau⁴³ |
𖭓 𖬈𖬰𖬪𖬵 pei⁵⁴ |
𖭔 𖬄𖬰𖬟𖬵 plou⁵⁴ |
𖭕 𖬂𖬲𖬝𖬰 tʃɹ̩⁵⁴ |
𖭖 𖬡 ʈou⁴⁴ |
𖭗 𖬗𖬰𖬧𖬰 ɕaŋ⁴⁴ |
𖭘 𖬂𖬤 ʑi²² |
𖭙 𖬐𖬰𖬯 tɕuɑ⁴² |
𖭑𖭐 𖬄 kou²² | |
| Hmong Shua (Funing) | ʔi⁵⁵ | ʔau⁵⁵ | pʲei⁵⁵ | plɔu⁵⁵ | pʒ̩⁵⁵ | tʃɔu⁴⁴ | ɕaŋ⁴⁴ | ʑi²¹ | tɕa⁴² | kɔu²¹ | |
| Luobohe Miao (Shibanzhai) | i⁵⁵ | u³¹ | pzɿ³¹ | pləu³¹ | pja³¹ | ʈo²⁴ | zuŋ²⁴ | ja³³ | ja³¹ | ʁo³¹ | |
| Hmu language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Northern Hmu (Yanghao) | i³³ | o³³ | pi³³ | l̥u³³ | tsa³³ | tʲu⁴⁴ | ɕoŋ¹³ | ʑa³¹ | tɕə⁵⁵ | tɕu³¹ | |
| Raojia | i⁴⁴ | ɔ⁴⁴ | poi⁴⁴ | ɬɔ⁴⁴ | pja⁴⁴ | tju³³ | ɕuŋ²² | ʑa⁵³ | tɕa⁵⁵ | tɕu⁵³ | |
| Southern Hmu (Yaogao) | tiŋ²⁴ | v¹³ | pai¹³ | tl̥ɔ¹³ | tɕi¹³ | tju⁴⁴ | tsam²² | ʑi²⁴ | tɕu³¹ | tɕu²⁴ | |
| Xong language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Eastern Xong (Xiaozhang) | a³³ | u⁵³ | pu⁵³ | ɬei⁵³ | pja⁵³ | to³³ | zaŋ¹³ | ʑi³⁵ | gɯ³² | gu³⁵ | |
| Western Xong (Layi) | ɑ⁴⁴ | ɯ³⁵ | pu³⁵ | pʐei³⁵ | pʐɑ³⁵ | ʈɔ⁵³ | tɕoŋ⁴² | ʑi³³ | tɕo³¹ | ku³³ | |
| Sheic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Kiong Nai | ʔi⁵³ | u⁴⁴ | pa⁴⁴ | ple⁴⁴ | pui⁴⁴ | tʃɔ³⁵ | ʃaŋ²² | ʑe³² | tʃu³³ | tʃɔ³⁵ | |
| Pa Na | ʔa³¹ | ʔu¹³ | pa¹³ | tɬo¹³ | pei¹³ | kjo³⁵ | ɕuŋ²² | ʑa⁵³ | tɕʰu³¹³ | tɕo⁵³ | |
| She (Chenhu) | i³⁵ | u²² | pa²² | pi³⁵ | pi²² | kɔ³¹ | tsʰuŋ⁴² | zi³⁵ | kjʰu⁵³ | kjʰɔ³⁵ | |
| Younuo | je²² | u³³ | pje³³ | pwɔ³³ | pi³³ | tjo³⁵ | sɔŋ³¹ | ja²¹ | kiu¹³ | kwə²¹ | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Biao Mon | no³⁵ | i³³ | pu³³ | plei³³ | pla³³ | kju⁵³ | ŋi²² | jaːt²¹ | du²¹ | sjəp²¹ | |
| Iu Mien | jet¹² | i³³ | pwo³³ | pjei³³ | pia³³ | tɕu⁵⁵ | sje¹³ | ɕet¹² | dwo³¹ | tsjop¹² | |
| Kim Mun | a³³ | i³⁵ | ˀpɔ³⁵ | pjei³⁵ | pja³⁵ | kjo³⁵ | ȵi⁴² | jet⁵⁵ | du³³ | ʃap⁴² | |
| Dzao Min | a⁴⁴ | vi⁴² | bu⁴² | pɛi⁴² | pjɛ⁴² | tɔu⁴⁴ | ȵi²² | dzat²² | ku⁵³ | sjɛp²² | |
| Biao Min language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Biao Min | i³³ | wəi³³ | pau³³ | pləi³³ | pla³³ | klɔ⁵³ | ni⁴² | hjɛn⁴² | iu³¹ | ȶʰan⁴² | |
| Chao Kong Meng (Shikou) | ji³⁵ | vi³³ | bɔu³³ | pli³³ | pla⁵³ | klɔ³⁵ | ŋi¹³ | jæ²² | tɕu⁵⁵ | tɕæ²² | |
| Moxi (Niuweizhai) | i³³ | wei³³ | pəu³³ | pɣɯi³³ | pɤa³³ | kɤɔ⁵⁵ | ɕi³¹ | hjɯ⁵³ | du⁵³ | tɕʰwa⁵³ | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peninsular Japonic (Pseudo-Goguryeo)[10] |
密 *mit |
于次 *yuci |
難隱 *nanən |
徳 *tək | |||||||
| Ryukyuan languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Okinawan | tiːʨi | taːʨi | miːʨi | juːʨi | iʨiʨi | muːʨi | nanaʨiː | jaːʨi | kukunuʨi | tuː | |
| Yaeyama | pi̥titsɨ | fu̥taːtsɨ | miːtsɨ | juːtsɨ | çi̥tsɨtsɨ | nːtsɨ | nanatsɨ | jaːtsɨ | ku̥kunutsɨ | tuː | |
| Japanese language | 0 零, 〇 |
1 一 |
2 二 |
3 三 |
4 四 |
5 五 |
6 六 |
7 七 |
8 八 |
9 九 |
10 十 |
| Old Japanese (Western) | pitə | puta | mi | yə | itu | mu | nana | ya | kəkənə | təwo | |
| Hachijō | teʦu | ɸu̥taʦu | mitʦu | jotʦu | iʦu̥ʦu | mutʦu | nanaʦu | jatʦu | kokonoʦu̥ | toː | |
| Japanese (Narada) | çi̥totu | ɸu̥ta(ː)tu | mʲittu(ː) | jottu(ː) | itutu(ː) | muttu(ː) | nanatu(ː) | jattu(ː) | kokonotu | toː | |
| Japanese (kun'yomi) | ゼロ zero |
ひと hito [çito] |
ふた futa [ɸɯtɑ] |
み mi [mi] |
よ(ん) yo(n) [jo(ɴ)] |
いつ itsu [itsɯ] |
む mu [mɯ] |
なな nana [nɑnɑ] |
や ya [jɑ] |
ここの kokono [kokono] |
とお tō [toː] |
| Sino-Japanese (go-on) | りょう ryō |
いち ichi [itɕi] |
に ni [ɲi] |
さん san [saɴ] |
し shi [ɕi] |
ご go [ɡo] |
ろく roku [ɾokɯ] |
しち shichi [ɕitɕi] |
はち hachi [hɑtɕi] |
く ku [kʲɯː] |
じゅう jū [dʑɯː] |
| Sino-Japanese (kan-on) | れい rei |
いつ itsu |
じ ji |
さん san |
し shi |
ご go |
りく riku |
しつ shitsu |
はつ hatsu |
きゅう kyū |
しゅう shū |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baekje (Mireuksa)[11] | 伽第𢀳 *gadəp |
矣毛𢀳 *itərɨp |
新台𢀳 *saydʌp |
刀士𢀳 *tasip |
日古𢀳 *nilgop 二[?]口𢀳[12] *ni[?]gup |
今毛𢀳 *yətərɨp [以?]如𢀳[13] *yʌtap/*yətəp |
|||||
| Middle Korean | ᄒᆞ낳 (honah) | 둟 (twulh) | 셓 (seyh) | 넿 (neyh) | 다ᄉᆞᆺ (tasos) | 여슷 (yesus) | 닐굽 (nilkwup) | 여듧 (yetulp) | 아홉 (ahwop) | 엻 (yelh) | |
| Early Modern Korean | ᄒᆞᆫ나 (honna) | 둘 (twul) | 셋 (seys) | 넷 (neys) | 다ᄉᆞᆺ (tasos) | 여ᄉᆞᆺ (yesos) | 닐곱 (nilkwop) | 여ᄃᆞᆲ (yetolp) | 아홉 (ahwop) | 열 (yel) | |
| Korean | 零 영 (yeong)/령 (ryeong) 空 공 (gong) |
하나 (hana) [hana] 一 일 (il) [il] |
둘 (dul) [tul] 二 이 (i) [i] |
셋 (set) [set̚] 三 삼 (sam) [sam] |
넷 (net) [net̚] 四 사 (sa) [sa] |
다섯 (daseot) [tasət̚] 五 오 (o) [o] |
여섯 (yeoseot) [jəsət̚] 六 육 (yuk)/륙 (ryuk) [(r)juk̚] |
일곱 (ilgop) [ilɡop̚] 七 칠 (chil) [tɕʰil] |
여덟 (yeodeol) [jədəl] 八 팔 (pal) [pʰal] |
아홉 (ahop) [ahop̚] 九 구 (gu) [ku] |
열 (yeol) [jəl] 十 십 (sip) [sip̚] |
| Jeju | ᄒᆞ나 (hawna) [hʌna] |
둘 (dul) [tul] |
싯 (sit) [ʃit̚] |
늿 (nuit) [nwit̚] |
다ᄉᆞᆺ (dasawt) [tasʌt̚] |
ᄋᆢᄉᆞᆺ (yawsawt) [jʌsʌt̚] |
일곱 (ilgop) [ilɡop̚] |
ᄋᆢᄃᆞᆸ (yawdawp) [jʌdʌp̚] |
아옵 (aop) [aop̚] |
열 (yeol) [jəl] |
Mongolic and Para-Mongolic languages
[edit]| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Khitan small script (f. n.) (m.) |
|||||||||||
| Khitan (Róna-Tas) | *mas | *jür | *ġur | *dür(ü)(ġ) | *taw | *dalo | *nayir/*neyir | *is | *para | ||
| Rouran (Hüis Tolgoi) | do̤lṳ | par (?) | |||||||||
| Shiwei (?) (reconstructed from Jurchen numerals)[14] |
*Vmš | *ǰir | *ɢur | *dur | *tabu | *ñǰir | *dal | *ñu/*ñɛw | *Vmš-ñu/*Vmš-ñɛw | *χɔn | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Proto-Mongolic (Janhunen 2003) |
*niken | *jirin *koxar ~ *koyar |
*gurban | *dörben | *tabun | *jirguxan | *doluxan | *na(y)iman | *yersün | *xarban | |
| Middle Mongol | niken | qoyar | qurban | dörben | tabun | jirwa’an/jirqo’an | dolo’an | naiman | yisün | harban | |
| Central Mongolic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Khamnigan | nɤɣɤn | qɔjir | ɢʊrban | durbən | taβʊn | dzʊr(ʊ)ʁaan | dɔlɔɔn | naiman | jusun | arban | |
| Buryat | нэгэн (negen) /negen/ |
хоёр (xojor) /xɔjɔr/ |
гурбан (gurban) /gʊrban/ |
дүрбэн (dürben) /durben/ |
табан (taban) /taban/ |
зургаан (zurgaan) /zʊrgaːn/ |
долоон (doloon) /dɔlɔːn/ |
найман (najman) /naiman/ |
юһэн (juhen) /juhen/ |
арбан (arban) /arban/ | |
| Oirat | negen | xɔjran | ɡʊrwan | dørwen | tawan | zʊrɡaːn | dɔlaːn | næːmæn | jisen | arwan | |
| Oirat (Kalmyk) | хоосн (xoosn) бүтү (bütü) |
негн (negn) [negn] |
хойр (xoyr) [xɔjr] |
һурвн (ğurvn) [gʊrwn] |
дөрвн (dörvn) [dørwn] |
тавн (tavn) [tawn] |
зурһан (zurğan) [zʊrgan] |
долан (dolan) [dolan] |
нәәмн (näämn) [næːmn] |
йисн (yisn) [jisn] |
арвн (arvn) [arwn] |
| Mongolian (Khalkha) | тэг (teg) | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ (nige) нэг (neg) [nig] |
ᠬᠣᠶᠠᠷ (qoyar) хоёр (xojor) [xɔjər] |
ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠ (ɣurba) гурав (gurav) [ɢʊrən] |
ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡ (dörbe) дөрөв (döröv) [torəw] |
ᠲᠠᠪᠤ (tabu) тав (tav) [tʰaw] |
ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠ (ǰirɣug-a) зургаа (zurgaa) [cʊrɢa] |
ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠ (dolug-a) долоо (doloo) [tɔɮɔ] |
ᠨᠠᠶᠮᠠ (nayma) найм (najm) [naim] |
ᠶᠢᠰᠦ (yisü) ес (jes) [jos] |
ᠠᠷᠪᠠ (arba) арав (arav) [arəw] |
| Dagur language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Dagur | nək | xojir | gwarəb | durub | taaw | dʒirgoo | doloo | naim | jis | xarəb | |
| Southern Mongolic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Eastern Yugur | niɣe | ɢuur | ɢurwan | dørwen | taawən | dʒurʁuun | dɔloon | naiman | ʃisun | harwan | |
| Bonan | nəɡə | ɢuɑr | ɢɵrɑŋ | derɑŋ | tɑwɵŋ | dʑirɢuŋ | dɵluŋ | nimɑŋ | jirsuŋ | ħɑrwɑŋ | |
| Kangjia | niɣe/niχɔ | ɢuar | gurɔ/ɢurɔ | derɔ | tavun | dʒirʁuŋ | danlɔ/dɔlɔ | neimɔ | jasun | harɔ | |
| Monguor | nəgə | ɢoor | ɢuraan | deeren | taavun | dʑirɢoon | doloon | naiiman | ʂdzən | xaran | |
| Santa (Dongxiang) | niə | ɢua | ɢuran | dʑiəron | tawun | dʐɯɣon | dolon | naiman | iəsun | haron | |
| Moghol language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Moghol | nika | qəyɑ̄r | ɣurbɑ̄n | dörbān | tɑ̄bun | ɑsun | dolon | sɑlɑn | tosson | ɑrbɑn | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nivkh (Amur) | ɲaqr | meqr | caqr | nɨkr | tʰoqr | ŋax | ŋamk | minr | ɲɨɲben | mxo(qr) |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jurchen (Ming dynasty) |
emu |
ǰuwe |
ilan |
duin |
šunǰa |
ningu |
nadan |
ǰakun |
uyun |
ǰuwa | |
| Manchu (standard) |
ᡝᠮᡠ (emu)[15] /əmu/ |
ᠵᡠᠸᡝ (juwe) /ʧuvə/ |
ᡳᠯᠠᠨ (ilan) /ilɑn/ |
ᡩ᠋ᡠ᠋ᡳ᠌ᠨ (duin) /tuin/ |
ᠰᡠᠨᠵᠠ (sunja) /sunʧɑ/ |
ᠨᡳᠩᡤᡠᠨ (ninggun) /niŋkun/ |
ᠨᠠᡩ᠋ᠠᠨ (nadan) /nɑtɑn/ |
ᠵᠠᡴᡡᠨ (jakūn) /ʧɑk’ɷn/ |
ᡠᠶᡠᠨ (uyun) /ujun/ |
ᠵᡠᠸᠠᠨ (juwan) /ʧuvɑn/ | |
| Manchu (Aihui) | əmkən | dʂo | ilɑn | duin | sundʑɑ | nyŋŋun | nɑdən | dʐoqoŋ | ujyn | dʐuɑn | |
| Alchuka | əm | ʧuə | ilɑn | tui‘e | sunʧiɑ | niŋkɔ | nɑtɑn | ʧiɑk’un | ujen | ʧu’ɑn | |
| Evenki | əmun | dʒuur | ɪlan | dijin | tʊŋŋa | niŋun | nadan | dʒaxʊn | jəjin | dʒaan | |
| Kili (Kilen) | əmkən | dʐuɾu | ilan | tuin | sundʑa | niuŋ | natan | dʑakɔn | ɯuyn | dʑuan | |
| Orok | ɡeːda | duː | ila | dʒin | tunda | nuŋu | nada | dʒappu | xuju | dʒoːn | |
| Udege | омо omo |
ӡӯ dʒuː |
ила ila |
дӣ diː |
туӈа tuŋa |
њуӈу ɲuŋu |
нада nada |
ӡакпу dʒakpu |
ейи jəji |
ʒа̄ dʒaː | |
| Oroqen | umun | dʒuːr | ilan | dijin | tʊŋŋa | ɲuŋun | nadan | dʒapkʊn | jəjin | dʒaːn |
| Oghuric languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Volga Bulgar | بىر bīr |
اَكِ eki |
وج več |
تُوات tüvet |
بيال biyel |
اَلطِ altï |
جىَاتِ čyeti |
ڛَكِڔ sekir |
طُخِڔ tuxïr |
وان van | |
| Chuvash | пӗрре (pĕrre) [pʲɘrʲːe] |
иккӗ (ikkĕ) [ikʲːɘ] |
виҫҫӗ (viśśĕ) [viɕʲːɘ] |
тӑваттӑ (tăvattă) [təvatːə] |
пиллӗк (pillĕk) [pʲilʲːɘkʲ] |
улттӑ (ulttă) [ultːə] |
ҫиччӗ (śiččĕ) [ɕʲiʨʲːɘ] |
саккӑр (sakkăr) [sakːər] |
тӑххӑр (tăhhăr) [təxːər] |
вуннӑ (vunnă) [vunːə] | |
| Common Turkic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Yakut | ноль (nolʹ) | биир (biir) /biːr/ |
икки (ikki) /ikki/ |
үс (üs) /ys/ |
түөрт (tüört) /tyørt/ |
биэс (bies) /biæs/ |
алта (alta) /ɑltɑ/ |
сэттэ (sette) /sættæ/ |
аҕыс (ağïs) /ɑʁɨs/ |
тоҕус (toğus) /toʁus/ |
уон (uon) /uon/ |
| Tuvan | тик (tik) | бир (bir) /bir/ |
ийи (iyi) /iji/ |
үш (üş) /yʃ/ |
дөрт (dört) /dørt/ |
беш (beş) /beʃ/ |
алды (aldı) /ɑldɤ/ |
чеди (çedi) /tʃedi/ |
сес (ses) /sɛs/ |
тос (tos) /tos/ |
он (on) /on/ |
| Shor | пир /pir/ |
ийги /ijɡi/ |
ӱш /ytʃ/ |
тӧрт /tørt/ |
пеш /pɛʃ/ |
алты /ɑltɯ/ |
четти /tʃɛtti/ |
сегис /sɛɡiz/ |
тоғус /toɣuz/ |
он /on/ | |
| Old Turkic (East) | 𐰋𐰃𐰼 bir |
𐰚𐰃 iki |
𐰇𐰲 üč |
𐱅𐰇𐰼𐱅 tört |
𐰋𐰃𐱁 beš |
𐰞𐱃𐰃 altï |
𐰘𐱅𐰃 jeti |
𐰾𐰚𐰔 sekiz |
𐱃𐰸𐰆𐰕 toquz |
𐰆𐰣 on | |
| Western Yugur | bər | ʂiɡə | uʂ | diort | bes | ɑhldə | jidə | sɑɢəs | dohɢəs | on | |
| Chulym | pir | iɡi | ytʃ | tørt | pes | ɑltɯ | jedi | seɡiz | toʁuz | on | |
| Argu languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Khalaj | biː | ækki | yʃ | tœːɾt | beːʃ | alta | jeːtti | sækkiz | toqquz | oːn | |
| Kipchak languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Kazakh | нөл (nöl) | бір (bır) [bɘr] |
екі (ekı) [i͡ɘkɘ] |
үш (üş) [ʉʃ] |
төрт (tört) [ty͡ʉɾt] |
бес (bes) [bi͡ɘs] |
алты (alty) [ɑltə] |
жеті (jetı) [ʒi͡ɘtə] |
сегіз (segız) [si͡ɘɣɘz] |
тоғыз (toğyz) [tu͡ʊʁəz] |
он (on) [u͡ʊn] |
| Kumyk | бир (bir) [bɨr] |
эки (eki) [ɛki] |
уьч (üç) [yç] |
дёрт (dört) [dərt] |
беш (beş) [bɛʃ] |
алты (altı) [ɑltə] |
етти (yetti) [jetti] |
сегиз (segiz) [sɛɡiz] |
тогъуз (toğuz) [tɔʁʊz] |
он (on) [ɔn] | |
| Tatar | nol | бер (ber) /ber/ |
ике (ike) /ike/ |
өч (öç) /ɵɕ/ |
дүрт (dürt) /dyrt/ |
биш (biş) /biʃ/ |
алты (altı) /altɤ/ |
җиде (cide) /ʑide/ |
сигез (sigez) /siɡez/ |
тугыз (tuğız) /tuɢɤz/ |
ун (un) /un/ |
| Karluk languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Chagatai | بر (br) bir |
اکى ikki |
اوج (ʾwj) üč |
تورت (twrt) tört |
بش (bš) bäš |
التە altä |
يته/يتى yättä/yätti |
سکز (skz) säkkiz |
توقوز (twqwz) toqquz |
اون (ʾwn) on | |
| Äynu[16] | jɛk | du | si(h) | t͡ʃɑr | pɛnd͡ʒɛ | ʃɛʃ | hɛpt | hɛʃt | noh | dɛh | |
| Uzbek | nol | bir /bɪr/ |
ikki /ɪkkɪ/ |
uch /ytʃ/ |
toʻrt /tørt/ |
besh /beʃ/ |
olti /ʌltɪ/ |
yetti /jettɪ/ |
sakkiz /sækkɪz/ |
toʻqqiz /toqqʊz/ |
oʻn /on/ |
| Uyghur | نۆل (nöl) | بىر (bir) /bir/ |
ئىككى (ikki) /ikki/ |
ئۈچ (üch) /ytʃ/ |
تۆت (töt) /tøt/ |
بەش (besh) /bɛʃ/ |
ئالتە (alte) /ɑltɛ/ |
يەتتە (yette) /jɛttɛ/ |
سەككىز (sekkiz) /sɛkkiz/ |
توققۇز (toqquz) /toqquz/ |
ئون (on) /on/ |
| Ili Turki | bir | ekki | ʉtʃ | tɵrt | beʃ | altə | jetti | sekkiz | tɵqqʉz | ɵn | |
| Oghuz languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Turkish | sıfır | bir /bir/ |
iki /iki/ |
üç /ytʃ/ |
dört /dœrt/ |
beş /beʃ/ |
altı /altɯ/ |
yedi /jedi/ |
sekiz /sekiz/ |
dokuz /dokuz/ |
on /on/ |
| Turkmen | nol | bir [bir] |
iki [iki] |
üç [ytʃ] |
dört [dœːrt] |
bäş [bæːʃ] |
alty [ɑltɨ] |
ýedi [jedi] |
sekiz [θekið] |
dokuz [dɔquð] |
on [ɔːn] |
| Salar | pir | i̥ʃki | oʃ | t̪iot̪ʰ | pɛɕ | aːl̪t̪ʰɘ̆ | jiːt̪ɘ̆ | saːkʰs | t̪oːqʰz | on̪ |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Etruscan | θu | zal | ci | huθ (?) śa (?) |
maχ | śa (?) huθ (?) |
semφ | *cezp | nurφ | śar |
| Finnic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Finnish | nolla | yksi [ˈʔyksi] |
kaksi [ˈkɑksi] |
kolme [ˈkɔlme] |
neljä [ˈneljæ] |
viisi [ˈviːsi] |
kuusi [ˈkuːsi] |
seitsemän [ˈseitseˌmæn] |
kahdeksan [ˈkɑhdekˌsɑn] |
yhdeksän [ˈʔyhdekˌsæn] |
kymmenen [ˈkymːeˌnen] |
| Estonian | null | üks | kaks | kolm | neli | viis | kuus | seitse | kaheksa | üheksa | kümme |
| Livonian | ikš [ikʃ] |
kakš [kakʃ] |
kuolm [kŭolm] |
nēļa [neːlʲa] |
vīž [viːʃ] |
kūž [kuːʃ] |
seis [seis] |
kōdõks [kɔːʔdəks] |
īdõks [iːʔdəks] |
kim [kimː] | |
| Sámi languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Northern Sámi | nolla | okta | guokte | golbma | njeallje | vihtta | guhtta | čieža | gávcci | ovcci | logi |
| Kildin Sámi | э̄ххт (ēxxt) [ɘxːt] |
кӯһт (kūht) [kuxːt] |
ко̄ллм (kōllm) [kolˠːm] |
не̄лльй (niell’j) [ɲeːʎː] |
выдт (vydt) [vɨdː] |
кудт (kudt) [kudː] |
кыджемь (kydž’em’) [ˈkɨdʒʲəm] |
ка̄ххц (kāxxc) [kaːxːts] |
аххц (axxc) [aːxːts] |
лоагкь (lågk’) [lˠo͡aɡʲː] | |
| Mordvinic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Erzya | вейке (vejke) [vejke] |
кавто (kavto) [kavto] |
колмо (kolmo) [kolmo] |
ниле (nile) [nʲilʲe] |
вете (vete) [vetʲe] |
кото (koto) [koto] |
сисем (sisem) [sʲisʲem] |
кавксо (kavkso) [kavkso] |
вейксэ (vejksë) [vejkse] |
кемень (kemeń) [kemenʲ] | |
| Moksha | fkjæ | kafta | kolma | nʲilʲe | vetʲe | kota | sʲisʲem | kafksa | vejksa | kemenʲ | |
| Mari language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Meadow Mari | ик (ik) [ik] |
кок (kok) [kok] |
кум (kum) [kum] |
ныл (nyl) [nəl] |
вич (vič) [βiç] |
куд (kud) [kut] |
шым (šym) [ʃəm] |
кандаш (kandaš) [kandaʃ] |
индеш (indeš) [indeʃ] |
лу (lu) [lu] | |
| Hill Mari | ik | kok | kəm | nɘl | βɘt͡s | kut | ʃɘm | kændækʃ | ɘndekʃ | lu | |
| Permic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Komi (Zyrian) | ӧти (öťi) [ɵtʲi] |
кык (kyk) [kɨk] |
куим (kuim) [kujim] |
нёль (ńoľ) [nʲoliʲ] |
вит (vit) [vit] |
квайт (kvajt) [kvajt] |
сизим (śiźim) [sʲizʲim] |
кӧкъямыс (kökjamys) [kɵkjamɨs] |
ӧкмыс (ökmys) [ɵkmɨs] |
дас (das) [das] | |
| Udmurt | одӥг (odig) [odiɡ] |
кык (kyk) [kɨk] |
куинь (kuiń) [ku̯inʲ] |
ньыль (ńyľ) [nʲɨliʲ] |
вить (viť) [vitʲ] |
куать (kuať) [ku̯atʲ] |
сизьым (śiźym) [sʲizʲɨm] |
тямыс (ťamys) [tʲamɨs] |
укмыс (ukmys) [ukmɨs] |
дас (das) [das] | |
| Ugric languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Hungarian | nulla | egy [ɛɟ] |
két [keːt] kettő [kɛttøː] |
három [haːrom] |
négy [neːɟ] |
öt [øt] |
hat [hɒt] |
hét [heːt] |
nyolc [ɲolts] |
kilenc [kilɛnts] |
tíz [tiːz] |
| Mansi (Northern) | акв (akv) [akʷ] аква (akva) [akʷa] |
кит (kit) [kit] китыг (kityg) [kitiɣ] |
хурум (hurum) [xuːrᵘm] |
нила (nila) [nʲila] |
ат (at) [at] |
хот (hot) [xoːt] |
сат (sat) [saːt] |
нёллов (nëllov) [nʲollow] |
онтэллов (ontèllov) [oːntəllow] |
лов (lov) [low] | |
| Khanty (Eastern) | əj | kætkən | qoləm | næləm | wet | qut | læwət ~ jæwət | nɨləɣ | əjərjøŋ | jøŋ | |
| Samoyedic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Selkup (Taz) | ˈukkər | ˈɕittə | ˈnɔːkər | ˈtɛːttə | ˈsompəla | ˈmuktət | ˈseːʎt͡ɕə | ˈɕittəˈt͡ɕæːŋkətəʎ køt | ˈukkərˈt͡ɕæːŋkətəʎ køt | køt | |
| Nganasan | ŋuʔoi | sʲitɪ | nagyr | tʃʲetə | səŋholʲaŋkə | mətʲyʔ | sʲai̯bə | sʲitəðətə | ŋamʲaitʃʲymə | bʲiʔ | |
| Mator | oˀb ~ oˀm öjläk (?) |
kid(d)e | nagur/nägür (?) | teite | sümb(ü)lä | muktut ~ muktuˀn | kejˀbe ~ kejˀbü (?) | kidəndeite | obtəńasta togos |
čut ~ čuˀn | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Omok | urki | kit | jalom | (j)erpəľ | jekonči-kimneľ | kimneľ | |||||
| Tundra Yukaghir | маархуонь (maarquoņ) | кийуонь (kijuoņ) | йалуонь (jaluoņ) | йалаклань (jalaklaņ) | имдальдьань (imdaļd̦aņ) | маалайлань (maalajlaņ) | пускийань (puskijaņ) | маалайлаклань (maalajlaklaņ) | вальҕрамкруонь (waļhramkruoņ) | кунальань (kunaļaņ) | |
| Kolyma Yukaghir | irkēj | ataqlōj | jālōj | ileklōj | ńəɣanbōj | mālōj | purkījōj | malɣiləklōj | kunirkiľǯōj | kuneľoj | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proto-Basque (Trask) | *bade | *biga | *[h]irur | *laur | *bortz | *sei | *zazpi | *zortzi | *bederatzu | *[h]anbar (?) | |
| Basque | huts zero |
bat /bat/ |
bi /bi/ |
hiru /hiɾu/ |
lau /lau/ |
bost /bos̪t/ |
sei /s̪ei/ |
zazpi /s̻aspi/ |
zortzi /s̻ort͡s̻i/ |
bederatzi /bedeɾat͡s̻i/ |
hamar /hamar/ |
| Iberian | ban | bi(n) | ilu(n) | lau(r) | bors(te) | śei | sisbi | sorse | abaŕ |
Other Eurasian language isolates
[edit]| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kusunda[17] | qasti, qaːsn̩ | dukʰkʰu | daɦat | piɡu | pãɡu | ||||||
| Sumerian | 𒁹 diš |
𒈫 min |
𒐈 eš₅ |
𒐼 limmu |
𒐊 ía |
𒐋 àš |
𒑂 umun₅ |
𒑄 ussu |
𒑆 ilimmu |
𒌋 u |
Language families of Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding Afroasiatic)
[edit]| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kwadi | ǁwí | ǀám | dátùa | né | tánù | ǀíᵗɲàu | ǀáᵗɲàu | sébéþótlt̀extɔpenɔ | móyò | mólà | |
| Khoekhoe (Nama) | ǀɡűí | ǀɡám̀ | ǃnőnà | hàkà | kórò | ǃnàni̋ | hũ̀ṹ/hũ̋ṹ | ǁkʰa̋ísa̋ | kʰȍèsè | dȉísí | |
| Naro | ǀkúí | ǀkâm | ǃnóná | hàká | koro | nǃání | hõ̀õ̀ | ǁkaisa | kuesi | disi | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| ǃKung | nǀè’é | tcā | ǃāō | ǁhȁm̀ | ɡǁāō ǃánnú |
nǁhám | nǁhám-tca | nǁhám-ǃāō | nǁhȁì | tȁqm | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Taa (ǃXóõ) | ǂʔûã | ǂnûm | ǁâe | ||||||||
| ǀXam | koai | !kuː | !nwonna | ǀku | |||||||
| ǁXegwi | ǀkaː | ǀku | |||||||||
| ǂUngkue | ʾọē | ǃʾū | ǃnona | ||||||||
| Nǁng | ǁʔoe | ǃʔuu | ŋǃona | ||||||||
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Sandawe | tsʼéxì̥-è | kísò-xì̥ | sʷámkí-xì̥ | hàká-xì̥ | kʷàʔḁ̀ná | kʷàʔḁ̀ná dáːndà tsʼéxì̥-è | kʷàʔḁ̀ná dáːndà kísò-xì̥ | kʷàʔḁ̀ná dáːndà sʷámkí-xì̥ | kʷàʔḁ̀ná dáːndà hàká-xì̥ | kóm̀ | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Hadza | ʔitʃame | pije | samaka | bone | botano | sita | saba | nani | tʰisa | ʔikʰumi | |
See also: Appendix:Proto-Niger-Congo numerals
| Western Nilotic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dinka (South Central) | abac | tök [ʈɔ́k] |
rou [rɔ́ʷ] |
diäk [dʲák] |
ŋuan [ŋʊ̀ʷân] |
dhiëc [ðíɟ] |
dhetem [ðɛ̀ʈem] |
dhorou [ðɜ̀rʊ́ʷ] |
bëët [bɛ̀ʈ] |
dhoŋuan [ðɔ̀ŋʊ́ʷàn] |
thiër [t̪íʲàːr] |
| Dholuo (Luo) | nono | achiel /àcìɛ̄l/ |
ariyo /àríɔ̀/ |
adek /àdék/ |
ang'wen /àŋùén/ |
abich /àbîc/ |
auchiel /àúcìɛ̀l/ |
abiriyo /àbíríɔ̀/ |
aboro /àborô/ |
ochiko /ɔ́cíkɔ̀/ |
apar /àpáàr/ |
| Southern Nilotic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Sabaot | akeenke [aɡɛ́ːŋɡɛ] |
āyēēnɡ’ [ɑyéːŋ] |
sōmōk [sómok] |
anɡ’wan [aŋwán] |
mūūt [múːt] |
lo [lɑ] |
tisab [tɪ́sap] |
sisiit [sɪsɪ́ːt] |
sokool [sɑ́kɑːl] |
taman [támán] | |
| Datooga | ák | íjèɲ | sàmòɡw | àŋwàn | mùːt | lá | ísːpò | sìs | ʃàɡàʃ | dàmàn | |
| Eastern Nilotic languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Maasai (Southern) | nabô | aré | uní | oŋwán | ímíêt | ílɛ̂ | naápishana | ísíêt | naáudo | tɔ́mɔ̂n | |
| Lokoya | àboíté | àréxaí | àŋʊ̀nɪ́xɔɪ́ | àráŋwán | mɪ́ɛ̀t | ɪ́ndɛ́ | cóvà | tísìs | sáxàd | tɔ́mɔ̀n | |
| Teso | ìdʸòpét | ìɑɾè | íwúní | íwóŋón | íkɑ̀ɲ | íkɑ̀ɲɑ̂pè | íkɑ̀ɲɑ̂ɾè | íkɑ̀ɲɑ̂wùní | íkɑ̀ɲɑ̂wòŋòn | ítòmòn | |
| Bari | ɡɛ́lɛ̀ŋ | mʊ̀rɛ́k | mʊ̀sálà | ɪ́ŋwàn | mʊ̀kánàt | búkɛ̀r | búryò | búdö̀k | bʊ́ŋwàn | púwö̀k | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zaghawa | nɔ́kkɔ | súyi | wɛɛ | ístîː | hóíyi | dɛ́stɛ́ | dístiː | ɔ́ttɛ́ | dístî | sóɡódí | |
| Berti | sang | su | soti | sitti | pi | duuti | taiti | kuuzi | kiddasi | musang | |
| Daza | tə̀ɾɔ̌n | tʃúú | àɡʊ̀zʊ́ʊ́ | tʊ̀zɔ́ɔ́ | fòú | dìsí | túɾùsù | wʊ́ssʊ̀ | jìsìí | mʊ́rdə̀m | |
| Teda | tɾɔ̀ɔ́ | cúː | òɡòzú | tʊ̀zɔ́ː | fɔ́ː | dɪ̀sɪ́ː | túɾùsù | jʊ́sʊ̀ | jìsíː | mʊ́rdɔ̀m | |
| Kanembu | tūló | yìndí | yàkú | dīyə̄u | úù | àràkú | túlùr | ùskú | lár | mìyò̬u | |
| Kanuri (Central) | fal /fál/ tilo /tiló/ |
indi /indí/ |
yakkə /yakkə́/ |
degə /déɣə́/ |
uwu /úwu/ |
arakkə /arakkə́/ |
tulur /túlur/ |
wusku /wuskú/ |
ləgar /ləɣár/ |
mewu mewú |
Eskaleut, Yeniseian and language families of America
[edit]| Aleut language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aleut (Atka) | ataqan | alax | qankus | sit͡ʃiŋ | t͡ʃaaŋ | atuuŋ | uluuŋ | qamt͡ʃiiŋ | sit͡ʃiiŋ | hatiχ | |
| Aleut (Eastern) | ataqan | aalax | qaankun | sit͡ʃin | t͡ʃaaŋ | atuuŋ | uluuŋ | qamt͡ʃiiŋ | sit͡ʃiiŋ | atiχ | |
| Eskimo languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Sirenik | atəʀɘcəχ | malʀux | piŋəjux | sitəmij | tasiməŋij | iŋləx | malʀuɣnəŋ iŋləkəlʀəχ | piŋəjuɣnəŋ iŋləkəlʀəχ | sitəmənəŋ iŋləkəlʀəχ | tasixta | |
| Alutiiq | allriluq | malʔuk | piŋajun | staːman | taɬiman | aʁwilɡən | maɬʀuːɡin | iŋlulɡən | qulŋujan | qulən | |
| Iñupiaq | atausiq | malġuk | piŋasut | sisamat | tallimat | itchaksrat | tallimat malġuk | tallimat piŋasut | quliŋŋuġutaiḷaq | qulit | |
| Greenlandic | ataaseq | marluk | pingasut | sisamat | tallimat | arfinillit | arfineq marluk | arfineq pingasut | qulingiluat | qulit |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wiyot | go·ʹtsar | rī’d·ar | rīkar | rīaʹwar | we’saγ halar | dakʟalo·ʹk | ha’ʹla’w | hī’wīʹdau’ | vacaʹṛok | raloʹk | |
| Yurok (human being) | koora' /ko·raʔ/ |
nee'eehl /niʔiɬ/ |
nahkseyhl /nahkseyɬ/ |
cho'oneyhl /coʔoneyɬ/ |
merueh choom' /meruh co·ʔm/ |
kohchew choom' /kohcew co·ʔm/ |
cherwerseek' choom' /cɹwɹsik’ co·ʔm/ |
kneweteek' choom' /knewetik’ co·ʔm/ |
kerrmeek' choom' /kɹ·mik’ co·ʔm/ |
werhlerweryhl | |
| Algonquian languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Blackfoot | niˀtók͡sa | náːtoˀka | niː(w)ókska | nisó | nisitó | náːo | ixkit͡síka | nániso | piːxksːó | kiːpó | |
| Arapaho | tʃɛ́ɛ́sɛj | nɪ́ɪ́θʔɛ | nɛ́ɛθʔɛ | jɛ́ɛ́nʔɛ | jɔɔtɔ́nʔɛ | néɪkjɔɔtɔsʔɪ | nɪ́ɪ́θɔɔtɔ́sʔɪ | nɛ́ɛ́θɔɔtɔ́sʔɪ | ʔɛɛhɛɛbétɔɔtɔsʔɪ | bétɔɔtɔsʔɪ | |
| Gros Ventre | kjɛɛθejʔɔ | nɪ́ɪ́s | nɛ́ɛ́sɔ | jɛ́ɪn | jɔɔθɔ́n | nɪ́ɪ́tɔɔtɔx | nɪ́ɪ́sɔɔtɔx | nɛ́ɛ́sɔɔtɔx | θɪ́ʔɔtɔx | bɛ́tɛɛtɔx | |
| Cheyenne (counting) (amount) |
no'ka na'ėstse |
nexa neše |
na'ha na'he |
neva neve |
nóhona noho |
naesóhtoha naesohto |
nésȯhtoha nésohto |
na'nóhtoha na'nohto |
sóohtoha sóohto |
mȧhtóhtoha mȧhtohto | |
| Plains Cree | peːyʌ́k | niːsʊ | nɪstʊ́ | neːwʊ́ | níyaːnʌ̀n | nɪkʊ́twaːsɪ̀k | téːpʌkʊ̀hp | ʌyéːnaːnèːw | kèːkʌmɪ́taːtʌ̀ht[18] | mɪ́taːtʌ̀ht | |
| Innu | pejkw | niʃ | nɪʃt | nɛw | pətɛtət | kʊtwɔs | niʃwɔs | nɪʃwos | pejkʊstew | pejkʊnu kʊtʊnu | |
| Menominee | nɪkʊt | niːs | næʔniw | niːw | niʌnʌn | nɪkuːtuʌsɪtah | noːhɪkʌn | suʌsɪk | saːkæːw | mɪtaːtah | |
| Algonquin | ped͡ʒik | nid͡ʒin | nisin | niwin | nanan | niɡodwat͡ʃin | nid͡ʒwat͡ʃin | nianeniwin | ʃaɡidat͡ʃin | midat͡ʃin | |
| Potawatomi | ŋ̩ɡʊt | niʃ | n̩swʌ | njɛʊ | njɑnɪn | ŋ̩ɡʊdwɑso | noʔʌk | ʃwɑdso | ʒɑk | n̩dɑdso | |
| Fox (Meskwaki) | nɛkoti | niːʃwi | nɛswi | njæːwi | njaːnanwi | kotwaːʃika | noːhika | ʃwaːʃika | ʃaːka | mɛtaːswi | |
| Shawnee | nekoti | niˑʃwi | nθwi | njeˑwi | njaˑlanwi | nekotwaʔθwi | niˑʃwaʔθwi | nθwaˑʃkθwi | tʃaˑkatθwi | metaʔθwi | |
| Miami | nkoti | niˑʃwi | nihswi | niˑwi | jaˑlanwi | kaˑkaˑthswi | swaˑhteˑthswi | palaˑni | nkotimineˑhki | mataˑthswi | |
| Eastern Algonquian languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Mi'kmaq | newt | daːbu | siːst | new | naːn | asuɡom | luiɡəneɡ | uɡumuljin | besɡunadeɡ | newtiskaːq | |
| Abenaki (Penobscot) (Fisher 1813) |
pãsŭk | nēs | nãs | you | pàrĕnsk | nĕquĭtạ̀ns | tâmpouwậns | sànsŭk | nōrẹ̄wĭh | mŭtạ̀rŭh | |
| Maliseet-Passamaquoddy | nèkʷt pèskʷ |
nìs tápo |
nihí hsis |
nèw | nán | kamáhčin | ələwíkənək | əkʷəmə́lčin | eskʷənátek | hkʷətìnsk | |
| Massachusett (Eliot 1822) |
nequt | neese | nish | yau | napanna | nequtta | nesausuk | shwosuk | paskoogun | piuk | |
| Narragansett (Williams 1643) |
nquít | neèsse | nìsh | yòh | napànna | qútta | énada | shwósuck | paskúgit | piùck | |
| Mohegan | niquut | nis | ciwi | yaw | nipaw | kudusk | nizux | ciwiosk | bazokoquang | bayag | |
| Munsee | nkwə́ti | níːʃa | nxáh | néːwa | náːlan | nkwə́taːʃ | níːʃaːʃ | xáːʃ | nóːliː | wíːmpat | |
| Unami | kʷəti | niʃa | naxa | newa | palenaxk | kʷətaʃ | niʃaʃ | xaʃ | peʃkuŋk | telən | |
| Nanticoke (Murray 1792) |
nukquit | na-eez | nis(whu) | yaguh(whu) | nup-pai-a | noqūttah | my-yay-wah | tzah | passa-conque | millah | |
| Nipmuck | nengȣt | ninz/ningi | chȣi | iau | nepale | negȣtensik/nigȣtenzin | ninzensik | chȣensik | peskȣghin | paiakȣᵉ |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unified Mapuche Alphabet | kiñe | epu | küla | meli | kechu | kayu | regle | pura | aylla | mari | |
| Mapuche (Mapudungun) | kiɲe | epu | kɨla | meli | keču | kaju | ɻeɰle | puɻa | ajʎa | maɻi | |
| Huilliche | kiɲe | epu | kɨla | meli | keču | kaju | ʃeɰle | puʃa | ajʎa | maʃi |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aymara | maya, mä | paya, pä | kimsa | pusi | phesqa | suxta | paqalqo | kimsaqalqo | llatunka | tunka | |
| Jaqaru | maya | paha | kimsa | puši | pičqa | suhta | qančisi | pusaqa | isquña | čuŋka |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proto-Iroquoian (Julian 2010) |
*hwihsk | ||||||||||
| Cherokee | ᏌᏊ saàkwu |
ᏔᎵ tʰáʔli |
ᏦᎢ joʔi |
ᏅᎩ nvhki |
ᎯᏍᎩ hiski |
ᏑᏓᎵ suútáli |
ᎦᎵᏉᎩ kahlkwoóki |
ᏧᏁᎳ chaneéla |
ᏐᏁᎳ sohneéla |
ᏍᎪᎯ skoóhi | |
| Northern Iroquoian languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Tuscarora | ę́ˑči | néˑktiˑ | áhsę | hę́ʔtahk | wísk/wihsk | úhyaʔk | čáˑʔnahk | néˑkręʔ | níhręʔ | wáhθhęʔ | |
| Seneca | sɡaːt | dekniːh | sëh | ɡeːih | wis | yeːi’ | dzaːdak | deɡyö’ | johdöːh | washëːh | |
| Onondaga | skáta | tekní | ʔáhsɛ̨ | kayé.(i) | hwíks | ʔahyáʔk | tsyaták | téˑkɛ̨ˑ | wáʔˑtɛ̨ˑ | washɛ̨́h | |
| Mohawk | énska [ʌ́hska] |
tékeni [tékeni] |
áhsen [áhsʌ] |
kaié꞉ri [kayéːli] |
wísk [wísk] |
ià꞉iaʼk [yàːyak] |
tsá꞉tah [jáˑtah] |
shaʼté꞉kon [saʔtéːku] |
tióhton [kyóhtu] |
oié꞉ri [oyéːli̠] | |
| Oneida | úskah | téken | áhsʌ̠ | kayé | wisk | yáˑyahk | tsyaˑták | téklu | wáˑtlu | oyeˑli̠ | |
| Wyandot | skat | teⁿdih | šęhk | ⁿdahk | wiš | wažaʔ | tsutareʔ | aʔtereʔ | ęʔtrǫʔ | ahsęh | |
| Wendat (Huron)[19] | escate | téni | hachin | dac | ouyche | houhahéa | sotaret | atteret | néchon | assan | |
| Laurentian[20] | segada | tigneny | asche | honnac(c)on | ouiscon | indahir/indaic/indayc | ayaga | addegue | madellon | assem/assen |
| Huastecan languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Huastec | huːn | caːb | ʔoːš | ceːʔ | boːʔ | ʔakak | buːk | wašik | beleːw | laːhu | |
| Yucatecan languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Itza’ | jun- | ka’- | ox- | kan- | jo’- | wäk- | wuk- | wäxäk- | bolon- | lajun- | |
| Yucatec | jun | ka’a | óox | kan | jo’ | waak | u’uk | waxak | bolon | lajun | |
| Western Mayan languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Ch’ol | hun | čaʔ | ʔuš | čən | hoʔ | wək | wuk | wašək | bolon | lahun | |
| Tzeltal | hùn | čàʔ(b) | ʔòš | čàn | Ḥòʔ | wàk | hùk | wàšuk | bàlun | làhun | |
| Eastern Mayan languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Mam | χun | kaɓe | oʂe | kʲaχe | χʷeʔ | qaq | uq | waχʂaq | ɓelah | laːχ | |
| Sakapultek | xu- | kaʔ- | aš- | kax- | xoʔ- | waxaq- | wuq- | waxšaq- | b’elex- | laxuːx |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | cháffàaka | tòklo | tótchìina | óstàaka | táɬɬàapi | hánnàali | ontòklo | ontótchìina | čakkáʔli | pokkóʔli | |
| Chickasaw | čaffa | toklo | toččíʔna | ošta | taɬɬáʔpi | hannáʔli | ontoklo | ontoččíʔna | chákkàali | pókkòoli | |
| Choctaw | əˈtʃəffə | ˈtokᵊlo | ˈtotʃtʃɪːna | ˈoʃtə | ˈtaːɬɬaːpɪ | ˈhənnaːlɪ | õˈtokᵊlo | õˈtotʃtʃɪːnə | ˈtʃaːkkaːlɪ | ˈpoːkkoːlɪ | |
| Muscogee (Creek) | hvmken [hámkin] |
hokkolen [hokkôːlin] |
tutcēnen [toččîːnin] |
osten [ôːstin] |
cvhkēpen [čahkîːpin] |
ēpaken [iːpâːkin] |
kolvpaken [kolapâːkin] |
cenvpaken [činapâːkin] |
ostvpaken [ostapâːkin] |
palen [páːlin] | |
| Mikasuki | łáàmen [ɬáàmen] |
toklan [toklan] |
tocheenan [tot͡ʃeːnan] |
shéetaaken [ʃéetaːken] |
chahkeepan [t͡ʃahkeːpan] |
eepaaken [eːpaːken] |
kolapaaken [kolapaːken] |
toshnapaaken [toʃatapaːken] |
oshtapaaken [oʃnapaːken] |
pokoolen [pokoːlen] |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proto-Yeniseian (Starostin) | *χu-sa | *xɨ-na | *doʔŋa | *sika | *qäka | *ʔaχʌ | *ʔoʔn- | - | *ǯum- | *χɔGa *tuʔ-ŋ | |
| Northern Yeniseian languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Ket | qɔˀk (animate) qūsʲ (inanimate) |
ɨ̄n | dɔˀŋ | sʲīk | qāk | ā/à | ɔˀn | ɨnam bənʲsʲaŋ qō | qusʲam bənʲsʲaŋ qō | qō | |
| Yugh (Sym Ket)[21] | χɔˀk (animate) χus̝1/qusʲ1 (inanimate) |
ɨ̄n1 | dɔˀŋ | sik1 | χak1 | aʰː4/aˑ1 | ɔˀn | bɔsim ynä bè̂se xô |
dɛbet xusä bè̂se xô |
χo1 | |
| Southern Yeniseian languages[22] | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Kott | г̧уча hû́ća |
инья î́na |
тонга tốŋa |
че́га śêgä |
ке́га xêgä |
келуча xelû́ća |
кели́на xelî́na |
хелто́нга xaltốŋa |
г̧учабуна́га ćumnấga/ćunnâga |
г̧а́га hâga | |
| Assan | г̧а́уту | инеэ | тонгья | шеггїангь | геигьянгь | геилу́джїангь | геилинїангь | гейлтанеїангь | годжибунагїангь | г̧ачїангь | |
| Arin | кг̧узей | ки́на | тьюнга | ша́га | ка́ла | эгга | ынья | кинаманчау́ | кг̧усаманчау | кг̧о́а | |
| Pumpokol | ху́та | нинеангь | донга | ци́ангь | хейлангь | аггьянгь | оньянгь | г̧инба́ссїангь | ху́та-ямосса-хайянгь | хайянгь | |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Tlingit | (tléil) | tléixʼ [tɬʰéːxʼ] |
déix̱ [téːχ] |
násʼk [nʌ́sʼk] |
daaxʼoon [taːxʼúːn] |
keijín [kʰeːtʃɪ́n] |
tleidooshú [tɬʰeːtuːʃʊ́] |
dax̱adooshú [tʌχʔʌtuːʃʊ́] |
nasʼgadooshú [nʌsʼkʔʌtuːʃʊ́] |
gooshúḵ [kuːʃʊ́q] |
jinkaat [tʃɪnkaːt] |
| Tlingit (19th century) |
тлѣхъ | тѣхъ | нюскъ | такунъ | кычинъ | клетууею | тахатауею | нескатауею | куусіокъ | чиникатъ | |
| Eyak | ɬįhɢ-ih | laʔd-ih | tʔuhɬ-g(ʷ)aʔ | qəlah-qaʔg(ʷ)aʔ | čʼą·ʔ-ih | cʼį· | laʔdicʼį· | qʼədicʼį· | gucʼ-de· | dəɢa·qʼ/dəɢa·x̣ | |
| Eyak (19th century) |
тлхинке | лоате | тотлкоа | калакакуа | цоан-э | цынь | лаатецынь | катецынь | куткте | такакхъ | |
| Athabaskan languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Hupa | ɬaʔ | nahxi | taːqʼi | diŋkʲʼi | tʃʷolaʔ | xostaːni | xohkʲʼidi | kʲeːnim | miqʼostawi | minɬaŋ | |
| Chipewyan (Denesuline) | ı̨łághë | náke | taghë | dı̨ghı | sǫlághë | iłkʼë́taghë | totą łásdı̨ ~ łë́sdı̨ |
ıłkʼë́dı̨ ~ kʼë́dı̨ | ëłótą | honë́na | |
| Navajo | tʼááłáʼí /tˀáːɬáʔí/ łáaʼii |
naaki /naːkʰi/ |
tááʼ /tʰáːʔ/ |
dį́į́ʼ /tĩ́ːʔ/ |
ashdlaʼ /ʔaʃtˡaʔ/ |
hastą́ą́ /xastʰã́ː/ |
tsostsʼid /t͡sʰot͡sˀit/ |
tseebíí /t͡sʰeːpíː/ |
náhástʼéí /náhástˀéí/ |
neeznáá /neːznáː/ | |
| Western Apache (San Carlos) |
dáłaʼá, dáłaʼé | nɑ́kih | tɑ̄ɑ̄ɡi | dɪ̨̄ɪ̨̄ʼi | ɑshdlaʼi, ishdlaʼi | ɡostɑ́n | ɡostsʼidi, ɡostsʼiɡi | tsebīī, sebīī, sɑbīī | ɡóstʼɑ́í, ńɡóstʼɑ́í | ɡoneznɑ́n, ɡoniinɑ́n, ɡonenɑ́n | |
| Languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Otomi (Mezquital) | nʔa | joho | hɲũ | ɡohó | kɨtʔa | ɾʔató | jotó | hɲãtó | ɡɨtó | ɾʔæ̌tʔa | |
| Mazahua (Central) | ɗaha | jehe | ɲ̥iʔi | tsijoho | tsitʃˀa | ˀnanto | jentʃo | ɲ̥intʃo | tsintʃo | ɗɛtʃˀa | |
| Matlatzinka (San Francisco) |
ráwi | tenówi | roxú | rókunhówi | rókutá | raatowi | neetowi | neenkunhówi | murátanraata | raata | |
| Ocuiltec | mblaa | mnoo | phyuu | nkunhno | kwitʔa | nblantoho | hnentoho | hnenkunhno | blahtilahtʔa | lahtʔa | |
| Pame (Jiliapan) | ʔna, nada | tíi | hnį́ųʔ | pyę | šuthųnt | tikyent | tiktí | tignyíu | naųwhę | sthú | |
| Chinantec (Lalana) | kɞ̃ː³⁴ | t̪ɵ̃̆²⁴ | ʔn̪ɘ̃̆͡ɪ̃̆³⁴ | kʸʏ̃³ | ʔŋʸæ̝̃³ | hŋʸʏ̃ː²³ | ɡʸæ̝²⁴ | hŋʸæ̝̃̆²⁴ | ŋʸʏ̃̆²⁴ | ɡʸæ̝̆²⁴ | |
| Tlapanec (Azoyú) | ᵐbŏ/ᵐba | ahmà | àhʦu | ahkù | wiʦu | màhŋù | hwą̀ | miŋɡijųɁ | mìhnà-ɡuwàʔ | ɡuwàʔ | |
| Chocho | nɡu³ | žu¹² | nie¹² | niu¹² | žu̜²u̜¹ | šu̜² | ža³du³ | ši̜¹ | na³ | te³ | |
| Popoloca (Tlacoyalco) | naa²¹ jˑnɡo² |
yoo¹² yaa² |
nii¹² ncha¹ˈa¹ |
noo²¹ nao¹² |
na²ˈo³ | in¹kjˑaon² | yaa³to³ | jˑni¹ | naa³ | thˑe³ | |
| Ixcatec | hnɡu² | yu¹hu¹ | nĩ¹hẽ² | njũ¹hũ¹ | ʃʔõ¹ | ʃhõ³ | ya¹tu² | hni² | n¹ñje³ | ʔu²te³ | |
| Mazatec (Tecóatl) | n̥ɡu² | ho² | hjã¹ | ɲu²hũ² | ʔõw² | hjõ² | ja²tu² | hĩ² | ɲa².hã² | tje¹ | |
| Zapotec (Mixtepec) | θib¹ | t͡ʃop³ | t͡son³ | θap³ | ɡaʔj³ | ʂoʔp³ | ɡaz¹ | ʂon¹ | ɡɛʔ³ | t͡siʔ³ | |
| Chatino (Zenzontepec) | ska³ | tukwa² | sno̜² | ha⁴kwa³ | kaʔyu³ | skwa² | kati¹ | snu̜⁴ | ka² | ti¹ | |
| Amuzgo (Guerrero) | kwi¹ | we³ | ndʲeː³² | ɲe³kieː³² | ˀom³ | jom³ | ntʲ³kieːˀ² | ɲẽː³² | ɲʲẽː³² | ki³ | |
| Mixtec (Santa Lucía Monteverde) |
ɨ̃̀ː | ūː | ūnì | kṹũ̄ | ũ̀ʔũ̀ | ìɲù | ūhʲà | ūná | ɨ̃̄ː | ūhì | |
| Mixtec (Mixtepec) | ĩĩ | ùvì | ùnì | kùmǐ | ũ̀ʔũ̀ | ìɲù | ùtsà | ùnà | ĩ̀ĩ̀ | ùtsì | |
| Trique (Chicahuaxtla) | ʔŋɡo¹³ | wːi¹³ | wa¹ʔnɯ̃³ | ɡã²ʔã³ | ũ¹ʔũ³ʰ | wa³tã³ʔ | t͡ʃi²h | tɯ̃²h | ʔɯ̃²ᵑ | t͡ʃi²ʔ | |
| Cuicatec | hąąnma | hóove | hįį̀nnò | cųų̀n | hų̀hų̀ | hąą̀ǹ | ndaàchà | nįįnni | nų́ųń | ndiichi |
| Quechua I | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quechua (Huallaga) | huk | iʃkaj | kimsa | tʃusku | pitʃqa | soqta | qantʃis | pusaq | isqon | tʃuŋka | |
| Quechua II | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Kichwa (Salasaca) | ʃuh | iʃki | kinsa | tʃusku | pitʃka | sukta | kantʃis | pusah | iskun | tʃunɡa | |
| Quechua (Cuzco) | hux | iskay | kinsa | tawa | pisqa | suqta | qantʃis | pusaq | esqon | tʃunka |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catawba | napę́, dəpę | nąpre, nąpəre | ná•mnaʔ | picə, pičanə | |||||||
| Proto-Siouan (Western) |
*rų•-sa | *rų́•pa | *rá•wrį | *tó•pa | *kiSų́• *isá•ptą |
*aká•we | *ša•kú•pa | *piraka (?) | |||
| Mandan | rų́p(a) | rą́•wįrį | tó•p(a) | kíxų | kí•wą | kú•pa | pirák | ||||
| Mississippi Valley Siouan languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Lakota | tákuni | waŋží, wáŋči | núŋpa | yámni | tópa | záptaŋ | šákpe | šakówiŋ | šaglógaŋ | napčíyuŋka | wikčémna |
| Assiniboine | wâɣi | nüpa | jámni | tópa | záptâ | ʃákpe | ijúʃna | ʃaknóõâ | náptʃuwâka | wiktʃemna | |
| Osage | wį́xce | ðǫǫpáa | ðábrį | topa | sáhta | šáhpe | péðǫpa ~ péǫpa | kíetòpa | lébra ce wį́įke | lebra | |
| Chiwere | iyánki | núwe | dáñi | dówe | thátan | sákwe | sáhma | ɡrerábrian | sánke | ɡrébran | |
| Winnebago (Ho-Chunk) |
hiža̜kíra | nú̜u̜p | taaní̜ | joop | saacá̜ | hakewé | šaaɡówí̜ | haruwák̜ | hiža̜kícu̜šɡu̜ni̜ | kerepá̜na̜í̜ža | |
| Missouri River Siouan languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Crow | hawáte | dúupe | dáawiia | ʃoopé | tʃiaxxó | akaawé | sáhpua | dúupahpe | hawátahpe | pilaké | |
| Hidatsa | nuwátsa | núùpa | náàwii | toopá | kihxú | akaawá | ʃáhpua | núùpahpi | nuwátsahpi | piraká/pinaká | |
| Ohio Valley Siouan languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Biloxi | sǫsa | nǫpa | dánį | tópa | ksą ~ ksani | akəxpé ~ akuxpe | ną́pa-hudi | dánhudí ~ dąhudi | čkané ~ ckane | ohi |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northern Paiute | sɨmɨʔju | wahaʔju | pahaiʔju | wat͡sikʷɨʔju | maniɣiʔju | napahaiʔju | tat͡sɨmɨʔju | woɡɡʷosɨɡɡʷɨʔju | sɨmɨkaɾoʔju | sɨmɨmɨnoʔju | |
| Serrano | haukp | wöh | paːhiʔ | wačah | mahäţ | päːvahiʔ | wačkuvik | waːhʷč | maʔkuvik | wahmäţ | |
| Hopi | suukya’ | lööyöm | paayom | naalöyöm | tsivot | navay | tsange’ | nanalt | pevt | pakwt | |
| Tübatulabal[23] | tci·′tc | wô·′ | pa·′i | na·′na·u | ma·′ha′idžιηa′ | napa·′i | nômndzι′n | na·′bμ′ndzιηa′ | la·′aɡi·′h | amha′idžιηa′ | |
| Oʼodham | hɨmako | ɡoːk | waik | ɡiʔik | hɨtasp | tʃuːdp | wɨwaʔak | ɡiɡiʔik | humuk | wɨstmaːn | |
| Tepehuan (Southeastern) | mɑːʔn | ɡoːk | βɑɪk | ˈmɑːkoβ | hiʃ.tʃɑˈmɑm | ʃi.humˈmɑːʔn | ʃi.humˈɡoːk | ʃi.humˈβɑɪk | ʃi.humˈmɑːkoβ | mɑmˈbɨːʃ | |
| Tarahumara (Western) | bilé | oká | ba(i)kiá | naó | marígi | usáni | gičáo | o-sá nó | gi-makoé | makoé | |
| Mayo | wépüla | wooyi | bajji | nayki | mamni | búsani | woybúsani | woxnayki | bátani | woxmamni | |
| Opata | sei | godum | veidum | nauoi | marqui | vusani | seniovusáni | gos návoi | vesmácoi | macoi | |
| Huichol | zewíi | huuta | haika | nauka | ʔauzɯ́wi | ʔatazewíi | ʔatahuuta | ʔatahaika | ʔatanauka | tamáa.máta | |
| Nahuatl (Classical) | cē | ōme | ēyi | nāhui | mācuīlli | chicuacē | chicōme | chicuēi | chiucnāhui | mahtlāctli |
Other language isolates of America
[edit]| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haida (Southern) | sɢwaansəŋ | sdiŋ | ɬɢunʔuɬ | sdansəŋ | tleeɬə | tɬəɢunʔuɬ | d͡ʒiɡuɢa | sdaansəŋχa | tlaaʔaɬ ʔwaa sda sɢwaansəŋ ɡəw tlaaʔaɬ ɡuy sɢwaansəŋ ɡəw |
tlaaʔaɬ | |
| Zuni | topinte | kʷili | haˀi | aːwite | apte | topalekːˀja | kʷilelekːˀja | haˀelekːˀja | tenalekːˀja | astemɬa |
Language families of Oceania (excluding Austronesian)
[edit]| Language | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anindilyakwa | awilyaba /awiʎaba/ |
ambilyuma /ambiʎəma/ |
abiyakarbiya /abijakaɻbija/ |
abiyarbuwa /abijaɻbuwa/ |
| Kunwinjku | -kudji [-ɡʊɟi] |
bokenh [bɔɡenʔ] |
danjbik [daɲbik] |
|
| Nunggubuyu | anʸjaːbuɡij | wula | wulanʸbai | wulawula |
| Language | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Barngarla | gooma [ɡuma] |
goodharra [ɡuːd̪ara] |
gaba [ɡaba] |
|
| Arrernte (Eastern) | anyente [ʌˈɲəntʰə] |
atherre [ʌ'tθəɾə] |
||
| Arrernte (Western) | ɲinta | tařa | tařamiɲinta | tařamatařa |
| Gurindji | jintaku | kujarra | murrkun | |
| Pitjantjatjara | kutju /kucu/ |
kutjar̠a /kucara/ |
man̪kurpa /maɳkurpa/ |
|
| Ngaanyatjarra | kutju [kucu] |
kutjarra [kucar] |
mankurrpa [maŋkurpa] |
kutjarra kutjarra |
| Kalaw Lagaw Ya | urapun | ukasar | uka modhabayɡ | uka uka |
| Dhuwal (Gupapuyngu) | waŋɡ̠aɲ | maːrma | ||
Other Australian language isolates[edit] | ||||
| Language | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Tiwi (Traditional) (m.) (f.) |
yati /yati/ nyatinga /ɲatiŋa/ |
yirrara /yiraɽa/ jara /tʃaɽa/ |
yirrajirrima /yiratʃirima/ jajirrima /tʃatʃirima/ |
|
| Asmat-Kamrau languages | 1 | 2 |
|---|---|---|
| Asmat (Central) | taka | jamuk |
| Citak | takà ~ tàka | (z)amnèk |
| Mombum languages | 1 | 2 |
| Koneraw | témté, té | kumb |
| Mombum | te | kumb |
Madang-Upper Yuat languages
[edit]| Madang languages[24] | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saep | 'ha.le.be | 'a.bo.de | 'a.bo.kʰoŋ | 'daːkʰo |
| Wasembo | harawo | abuɡi | abono | abuɡi abuɡi |
| Bargam | amulik | ɡiɡer | ezeʔman | aweweʔ |
| Maia | duwa | iner | arop | rabam |
| Miani | udia | ner | arop | arebam |
| Mauwake | kuisow | erup | arow | erepam |
| Pamosu | tuku | iloβ | iloβ otuku | iloβ iloβ |
| Usan | ɡari | ombur | ombur-ɡari | ɡer ombur ɡer ombur |
| Brem (Bunabun) | gagindie | aːleːr | karem | dji'rukanim |
| Nobonob | laippu | aɗit | ewam | waɗele |
| Wagi | usih | aɾit | ized | ɓala-ʔɑi |
| Panim | olfan | elis | kiam | waɾos |
| Siroi | ndindo | armba | keŋmba | bailkamba |
| Sam (Songum) | kud͡ʒɛʔ | lilʔo | ʔalubi | liliʔo |
| Kalam | nokom | omɨŋal | omɨŋal nokom | omɨŋal omɨŋal |
| Moresada | mindjak | airai | kaːrop | rambam |
| Manat | βaʧa-tak | añɨŋa-kay | añɨŋ-uta-kay | muk añɨŋa-kay muk añɨŋa-kay |
| Mum | mɨŋɡiataya | arkita | arkitwrɨ | arkita arkita |
| Upper Yuat languages | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Awiakay[25] | kunjakanta | kondamin | kay neñ-amin | kay neñ-amin kay neñ-amin |
| Nanubae | kʰundʌpam | kʰundamwin | gumayŋ | |
| Hagahai | i̯oːɭədə | i̯ɑːdəɭimi | p͡ɸinɑi̯di | ɑɡiɲi̯ei̯di |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karas | kon | eir | kaˈruok̚ | kanˈsuor | ap̚ | raˈman | ˌramanˈdalin | iˈrie | ˌkaniŋgoˈnie | ˈputkon | |
| Mbahaam-Iha languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Baham | ówɑno | uwɑ́riʔ | ɑwɑndíʔ | wiɑŋɡɑrɑʔ | tumbú | tumbú óɡono | tumbú weɾiʔ | tumbú ɑwɑndiʔ | tumbú wuɾiɑŋ'ɡuruʔ | kwaɾá | |
| Iha | wó | rɪk | térɪ | ŋɡára | tumbú | tumbú wó | tumbú rɪk | tumbú térɪ | tumbú ŋɡára | ʔpra | |
| Timor-Alor-Pantar languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Bunak language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Bunak | wen | hílion | ɡónion | ɡonil | ɡoinsét | temol | hitu | alu | sie | seɡo | |
| Bunak (Marae) | uwen | híleon | kónion | kóniʔil | konitiʔet | tomol | hitu | walu | siwe | soko | |
| Oirata-Makasae languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Makasae | u | loləʔe məhi (persons) |
lolitu mitu (persons) |
loloha fə(r) (persons) |
lima | daho | fitu | afo | siwa | ruruu | |
| Fataluku | ʔukáni | ʔɛcɛ | ʔutúʔɛ | fátɛ | límɛ | nɛ́mɛ | fítu | káfa | síva | taʔánɛ | |
| Alor-Pantar languages | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Woisika (Kamang) | nɔk | ʔɔk | su | bijat | iwisiŋ | iwisiŋ nɔk | iwisiŋ ɔk | iwisiŋ su | iwisiŋ bijat | atak nɔk | |
| Wersing | nɔʔ | jɔkuʔ | tuʔ | aɾasɔkuʔ | wetiŋ | wetiŋ nɔʔ | wetiŋ jɔkuʔ | wetiŋ tuʔ | wetiŋ aɾasɔkuʔ | adajɔkuʔ | |
| Kula | sɔnaʔ | jɘkuʔ | t̪wɘʔ | aɾasikuʔ | jawat̪inaʔ | jawat̪iŋ sɔnaʔ | jawat̪iŋ jɘkuʔ | jawat̪iŋ t̪wɘʔ | jawat̪iŋ ɾasikuʔ | adajakuʔ | |
| Klon | nuk | ɔrɔk | tɔŋ | ut | eweh | tlan | usɔŋ | tidɔrɔk | tukainuk | kar nuk | |
| Abui | nuku | ɑjɔku | suɑ | butɪ | jɛtɪŋ | tɑlɑmɑ | jɛtɪŋ-ɑjɔku | jɛtɪŋ-suɑ | jɛtɪŋ-butɪ | kɑr-nuku | |
| Kui | nuku | oruku | siwa | usa | jesan | talama | jesaroku | tadusa | jesanusa | kar nuku | |
| Adang | nu | alɔ | tou | ut | ifihiŋ | talaŋ | ititɔ | turlɔ | tɨʡɛnu | ʡɛr nu | |
| Western Pantar | anuku | alaku | atiɡa | atu | jasiŋ | hisnakkuŋ | betalaku | betiɡa | anukutannaŋ | ke anuku | |
| Teiwa | nuk | raq ~ haraq | jeriɡ | ut | jusan | tiaːm | jesraq | jesneriɡ | jesnaʔut | qaːr nuk | |
| Kaera | anu | alo | atoɡa | ɓuta ~ wuta | avehaŋ | talaun | bititoɡa | tulalo | tukanu | kara nu |
| Language | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| West Makian | minyé | médéŋ | yuŋé | fati | mafoi | iɡami | tépédiŋi | tokbaŋé | isué | aoŋé | |
| Galela | moi | sinoto | saʔaŋe | iha | motoha | butaŋa | tumudiŋi | tupaʔaŋe | siwo | moɡiʔowo | |
| Sahu | rɔmoi | rɔmoˈɗiɗi | rɔˈʔæŋe | rætæ | rɔmɔˈtoæ | ræræmæ | tʊmʊˈdɪŋi | tʊˈʔæŋɛre | ˈsɪwɔrɔ | ŋæɡi moi | |
| Ternate | rimoi | romdidi | raːŋe | raha | romotoha | rara | tomodi | tofkaŋe | sio | ɲaɡimoi | |
| Tidore | rimoi | malofo | raŋe | raha | romtoa | rora | tomdiː | tofkaŋe | sio | ɲaɡimoi |
Notes
[edit]- ^ Kuril and Kamchatkan Kuril data are from the 1787-1789 dictionary, in original Cyrillic transcription. See external links.
- ^ Aslian numerals are heavily influenced by Malay.
- ^ Already replaced by Tai numerals.
- ^ Borrowed from Chinese.
- ^ Native Khmu numerals have been largely replaced by Tai numerals.
- ^ 19th-century source; see external links.
- ^ Pear numerals after four have been replaced by Khmer numerals.
- ^ Chechen number four is changed according to the grammatical classes.
- ^ Numbers 4-10 were borrowed from Sino-Tibetan languages. Number one was probably borrowed from Old Chinese, according to Ratliff (2010).
- ^ Japonic numerals were present in regions, which formerly belonged to Baekje and other states, conquered by Goguryeo. Thus it is more likely that these toponyms were originally from a language used in Baekje (or other states) rather than in Goguryeo.
- ^ There might be two languages used in Baekje, which probably belong to different families. The materials from Mireuksa are Koreanic. The character 𢀳 should be displayed as
if supported by the device.
- ^ The second character is illegible.
- ^ The bottom half of the first character is illegible.
- ^ Jurchen and other Jurchenic languages borrowed numerals 11-19 from a Para-Mongolic source. Written Manchu has only preserved tofohon (15). The suffix *χVn (-teen) appears to be of Turkic origin.
- ^ emu is used for counting numbers. emke(n) for counting objects.
- ^ Äynu (not Ainu) is a mixed language between Uyghur and Iranian. Äynu uses Persian numerals.
- ^ Kusunda uses Nepali numerals after five.
- ^ “Almost ten”.
- ^ Data are from the 1632 dictionary, in original French transcription. See external links.
- ^ French transcription by Jacques Cartier, 16th century. Different versions have different variations. See external links.
- ^ Yugh used Russian numerals for 8 and 9. Original 19th-century forms below are from Castrén's dictionary, 1858. See external links.
- ^ Data are from the 1787-1789 dictionary, in original Cyrillic transcription. Kott data have an additional source from Castrén's dictionary, 1858. See external links.
- ^ In Voegelin's 1935 orthography.
- ^ Normally, Madang languages have two counting systems: one based on numerals ‘one’ and ‘two’, with larger numbers combining these; and the other one based on body parts.
- ^ kunjakanta (one only); kondamin (another with it); kay neñ-amin (another with the two).
External links
[edit]- Numeral Systems of the World's Languages, Eugene Chan
- Akkadian Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France
- Dictionary of Old South Arabic - Sabaean Dialect, Joan C. Biella, 1982
- Numerals: Comparative-Etymological Analyses of Numeral Systems and their Implications, Václav Blažek, 1999
- Sistemas de numeración y calendarios de las poblaciones bereberes de Gran Canaria y Tenerife en los siglos XIV-XV, José B. García, 2004
- 原住民族語言線上辭典, 財團法人原住民族語言研究發展基金會
- Indo-European Numerals, Jadranka Gvozdanović (ed.), 1992
- Gaulish Language, Václav Blažek, 2008
- A Grammar of the Oscan Language, Part I: Inflection, Donald O’Brien, 2023
- A Grammar of Oscan and Umbrian, Carl D. Buck, 1904
- A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Vladimir Orel, 2003
- Prussica, Frederik Kortlandt, 2009
- The Čakavian Dialect of Orbanići near Žminj in Istria, Janneke Kalsbeek, 1998
- Bednjanski govor, Josip Jedvaj, 1956
- Old Church Slavonic Grammar, Grigore Nandriș, 1959
- Древненовгородский Диалект, Andrey A. Zaliznyak, 2004
- The Baxter-Sagart reconstruction of Old Chinese
- Language Contact and Language Comparison - the Case of Bai, Wang Feng, 2004
- Pyu Numerals in Comparative Perspective, Marc Miyake, 2016
- 从藏语支语言的特点看松林语的语言地位, Song Cheng, 2020
- タマン語の系統再考, Fujiwara Keisuke, 2016
- Database from Lexical data for the historical comparison of Rgyalrongic languages, Yunfan Lai and Johann-Mattis List, 2023
- “克”(khal)在下迭部藏语中引起的数词系统及相关演变, Rigzin Wangmo, 2011
- Hmong-Mien Language History, Martha Ratliff, 2010
- Origins of the Japanese Language, Alexander Vovin, 2017
- 日本の危機言語
- A Descriptive and Comparative Grammar of Western Old Japanese, Alexander Vovin, 2020
- 彌勒寺址 木簡에서 찾은 古代語 數詞, Lee Seung-Jae, 2011
- A History of the Korean Language, Lee Ki-Moon and S. Robert Ramsey, 2011
- Khitan Studies I. The graphs of the Khitan small script: 1. General remarks, dotted graphs, numerals, András Róna-Tas, 2016
- Early Serbi-Mongolic–Tungusic lexical contact: Jurchen numerals from the 室韋 Shirwi (Shih-wei) in North China, Andrew Shimunek, 2018
- The Mongolic Languages, Juha Janhunen, 2003
- The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters, Daniel Kane, 1989
- The Kilen Language of Manchuria: Grammar of a Moribund Tungusic Language, Zhang Paiyu, 2013
- 阿勒楚喀满语的数词与格助词, Mu Yejun, 1986
- Rhyme over reason: Language, counting and play in Northern Laos, Nathan Badenoch, 2021
- Old Khmer Grammar, Jenner et al., 2010
- A Dictionary of the Central Nicobarese Language, Edward H. Man, 1889
- Etymological Dictionary of Basque, R. Larry Trask (ed. Max W. Wheeler), 2008
- Los numerales ibéricos y el protovasco, Eduardo Orduña, 2011
- Sumerian Grammar, Dietz O. Edzard, 2003
- Linguistic evidence of Bantu origins of the Sidis of India, Abdulaziz Yusuf Lodhi, 2008
- A Key Into the Language of America, Roger Williams, 1643
- A History of the Iroquoian languages, Charles Julian, 2010
- Dictionnaire de la langue huronne, Gabriel Sagard, 1632
- Voyage de J. Cartier au Canada: Relation originale de Jacques Cartier, 1863
- Eyak Dictionary, Michael E. Krauss, 1970
- Сравнительные словари всех языков и наречий, собранные десницею всевысочайшей особы, printed in 1787-1789
- M. Alexander Castrén's nordische Reisen und Forschungen. XII: M. Alexander Castrén's Versuch einer jenissei-ostjakischen und kottischen Sprachlehre nebst Wörterverzeichnissen aus den genannten Sprachen, Anton Schiefner (ed.), 1858
- Cuicatec Word List, SIL International, 1958
- SEAlang Library