Appendix:English words by Latin antecedents

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This is a list of English words derived from Latin words, including Latin nouns, verbs and adjectives. The list is organized by Latin words.

See also:

Contents:	A B C D E F G H I L M N O P Q R S T U V

A

acere, aceo "to be sour" acid, acidic
acervus "heap" acerval, acervate, coacervate, coacervation
aemulus "striving to equal or excel" emulous, emulate, emulation, emulator
aequus "even, equal" adequacy, adequate, egalitarian, egalitarianism, equal, equalitarian, equalitarianism, equality, equalize, equalizer, equanimity, equate, equation, equator, equatorial, equidistant, equilibrium, equinox, equitable, equity, equivalence, equivalent, equivocation, equivocal, inadequacy, inadequate, inequitable, inequality, inequation, unequal, unequivocal
aestimare "to value, rate, weigh, estimate" esteem, estimable, estimate, estimation, estimator, overestimate, underestimate
aevum, aevī "age, lifetime, generation" coeval, eternal, eternity, longevity, longevous, medieval, primeval
ager, agrī "(arable) land, (tilled) field" agrarian, agriculture, peregrine, pilgrim
agere, ago "to do, act" act, action, actionable, active, activity, actor, actual, actualism, actuarial, actuary, actuate, actuation, actuator, agency, agenda, agent, agile, agility, agitate, agitation, allegation, allege, ambage, ambiguous, assay, cache, coagulation, cogency, cogent, essay, exact, exacta, examination, exigent, exiguous, fumigation, fustigate, interact, interaction, interactive, intransigent, levigate, litigate, navigate, navigation, navigator, objurgate, prodigal, prodigy, reaction, reactivation, reactivate, reactive, reactiveness, reactivity, reactor, redaction, retroactive, squat, transact, transaction, transactional, variegate, variegation
alere, alo "to grow" (from here "altus") altar, altitude, altitudinous, enhance, enhancement, exalt, exaltation
alius "other" abalienate, abalienation, alien, alienage, alienate, alienation
alter "other" alter, alterable, alterate, alteration, altern, alternate, alternation, alternative, alternator, altruism, altruist, altruistic
alvus "the belly" alveolar, alveolate, alveolus, alveus
ambulare, ambulo "to walk, go about" amble, ambulance, ambulant, ambulate, ambulator, ambulatory, funambulist, perambulate, perambulation, perambulator, preamble, somnambulist, somnambulate, somnambulistic
amicus "friend" amiable, amicable, amity, amicus
angere "to cause pain, choke, distress, trouble" anguish, anxiety, anxious
angulus "corner" angle, angular, angulate, angulation, pentangle, quadrangle, rectangle, rectangular, triangle, triangulate, triangulation
annus, annī "year, season, age" annals, annual, annuity, anniversary, biennium, decennium, millennium, perennial, quadrennium, quindecennial, quinquennium, septennial, sexennial, superannuated, triennium, vicennial
ante "before" advance, advancement, advantage, advantageable, advantageous, A.M., ante-, antecedent, disadvantage, disadvantageous, vantage
apere, apo "to fasten, to join, to fit" adapt, adaptable, adaptability, adaptation, adaptational, adaptationism, adaptationist, adaptative, adapter, adaptive, adaptorial, apt, aptitude, attitude, attitudinal, exaptation, inept, ineptitude
arbiter "witness" arbit, arbiter, arbitrable, arbitrage, arbitrary, arbitrate, arbitration, arbitrator
arbor "tree" arbor, arboreal, arboretum, arboricide, arboricity, arborize, arborization, arborvitae
arguere, arguo "to declare, show, prove, make clear, reprove, accuse" arguable, argue, arguer, argument, argumentation, argumentative
ars "skill" art, artful, artifact, artifice, artificer, artificial, artificiality, artisan, artist, artiste, artistic, artless, artsy, inert, inertia, inertial
articulus "a joint, limb, member, part, division, etc." article, articulate, articulation
astus "craft" astute, astuteness
audere, audeo "to dare" audacious, audaciousness, audacity
audire, audio "to hear" audible, audience, audile, audio, audit, audition, auditor, auditorium, auditory, oyez, obey, subaudition
augere, augeo "to increase, augment" auction, auctioneer, augend, augment, augmentation, author, authority, authorization, authorize, auxiliary
augur "an augur, a reader of omens" augur, augural, augury, inaugural, inaugurate, inauguration, inaugurator, inauguratory
auscultare, ausculto "to listen" auscultate, auscultation, scout

B

basis "pedestal, foot, base; etc." (from Ancient Greek) basal, base, basis
bini "two by two" combination, combinatory, combinatorics, combine, recombinant, recombinase, recombination, recombine
bonus "good" bonafide, bonus, bountiful, bounty, boon
bōs, bovis "cow" beef, bovine, bugle
brevis "short" abbreviate, abbreviation, abbreviator, abridge, abridgment, brevet, breviary, brief, briefing, brevity, unabridged

C

caballus "horse" cavalcade, cavalier, cavalry, chevalier, chivalrous, chivalry
cadere, cado "to fall" accident, accidental, incidence, incident, coincide, coincidence, cadence, casual, casualty, chance, cheat, decadence, decay, deciduous, occasion, occasional, occident
caedere, caedo "to cut" abscise, abscision, concise, decidable, decidability, decide, decision, decisive, imprecise, imprecision, incide, incise, incision, incisor, precise, precision
caelum "sky" celestial
calculus "a pebble" (> calculare) calculate, calculation, calculator, calculus, miscalculate, miscalculation, overcalculate, recalculate, recalculation
calx "limestone, lime, chalk" calcite, calcium, chalk
camera "chamber" camera, chamber, chamberlain, chambermaid, camaraderie, comrade, comradeliness, comradery, comradeship
cancer "a crab; a tumor, cancer; lattice, grid, or barrier" cancel, cancellation, cancer, chancel, chancellery, chancellor, chancery
canere, canto "to sing" cantor, chant, recant, recanter, recantation
canis, canis "dog" canaille, canary, canicular, canine, chenille, kennel
capanna "cabin, hut" cabana, cabin, cabinet
capere, capio "to take" accept, acceptable, acceptability, acceptance, apperceive, apperception, apperceptive, capable, capability, capacious, capacitate, capacity, capacitance, capacitation, capacitor, capture, conceit, conceive, concept, conception, deceit, deceive, deception, except, exception, exceptional, incapacitate, inception, incipient, intercept, interception, occupy, perceive, perception, perceptive, precept, receipt, receive, receptacle, reception, receptionist, recipient
capsa, capsae "container, holder, box, case" acapsular, case, cash, cashier, capsaicin, capsicum, capsular, capsulate, capsule, encase, encapsulate, encapsulation
caput "head" chapter, chapiter, capital, capitalism, captain, capitulate, capitulation
caro "flesh" carnal, carnality, carnalize, carnassial, carnival, carnivore, incarnadine, incarnate, incarnation, reincarnate, reincarnation
carpere, carpo "to pluck" carpet, excerpt
castrum "fort" castle, château, chatelaine
cathedra "chair, throne" cathedra, cathedral, chair
caudex "tree trunk" code, codec, coder, codex, codification, codifier, codify, decode, decoder, decoding, encode, encoder, encoding, recode, re-encode, transcode, transcoder
causa "cause, reason, account, lawsuit" accusable, accusation, accusative, accusatory, accuse, accuser, causal, causality, causation, causative, cause, excusable, excuse, recuse
cavus "hollow" cave, cavity, concave, excavate, excavation, excavator
cedere, cedo "to go" abscess, accede, accedence, access, accessory, accessibility, accessible, accession, ancestor, ancestry, antecedent, cease, cede, cessation, concede, concession, decease, decede, exceed, excess, excessive, intercede, intercession, precede, precedence, precedent, predecessor, procedure, proceed, process, recede, recession, recessionary, succeed, success, succession, successive, successor, unprecedented
celer "quick" accelerate, acceleration, accelerator, celerity
cella, cellae "storeroom, silo, small room, poor man's apartment" cell, cella, cellar, cellarer, rathskeller
censere, censeo "to tax, assess, value, judge, consider, etc." censor, censorial, censorious, censorship, censure, census, recension
centrum "center" center, central, centrality, centralization, centralize, centrifugal, centrifuge, centripetal, concentrate, concentration, concentric, decentralization, decentralize, egocentric, epicenter, excentric
centum "a hundred" cent, centennial, centipede, centum, century, centurion
cernere, cerno "to separate, perceive, decide" certain, concern, crime, criminal, decree, discern, discernible, discernment, discreet, discrete, discretion, discretionary, discriminant, discriminate, discrimination, discriminative, excrement, excreta, excrescent, excrete, excretion, excretory, indiscernible, secret, secretary, secretion, secretive, secretory
charta "papyrus, paper" card, cartographer, cartography, cartoon, cartouche, chart, charter
ciere, cieo "to call, summon" accite, cite, citation, excite, excitement, excitation, excitatory, incite, incitement, recital, recitation, recitative, recite
circus "ring, circle" (> circulus) circle, circular, circularity, circulate, circulation, circumference, circumstance, circus
cīvis, cīvis "citizen" citizen, citizenry, city, civic, civil, civility, civilization, civilize
classis, classis "fleet of ships, class of citizens, band, group" class, classic, classical, classism
clarus "clear, bright, brilliant" chiaroscuro, claret, clarification, clarify, clarity, clear, declaration, declarative, declaratory, declare, declarer
claudere, claudo "to shut" clause, claustrophobic, cloister, close, closure, conclude, conclusion, conclusive, include, inclusion, inclusive, exclusion, exclude, exclusive, occlude, occluder, occlusion, occlusive, preclude, preclusion, seclude, seclusion, seclusive, reclude, recluse, reclusion
colere, colo "to till, cultivate, worship" agriculture, colonial, colonialism, colonization, colonize, colonist, colony, cult, cultic, cultist, cultivar, cultivate, cultivation, cultural, culture, cyberculture, horticulture, monoculture, occult, occultation, occultism, occultist, subculture
comminisci, comminiscor "to devise, contrive, invent" comment, commentary, commentator, commenter, uncomment
communis "common, general, universal" common, commonality, communal, communicate, communication, communicator, communicative, commune, communion, communism, communist, community
cor, cordis "heart, mind judgment, dear friend" accord, accordance, concord, concordance, cordate, cordial, cordiality, cordiform, courage, courageous, discord, discordant, discourage, discouragement, encourage, encouragement, misericord, quarry, record, recorder
corona "garland, chaplet or wreath" corona, coronary, coronal, coronate, coronation, coronet, crown
cornū, cornūs "horn, drinking vessel, funnel, trumpet, arm (of a lake) " bicornuate, Capricorn, corn, cornea, corneous, corner, cornet, cornicopia, corniculate, cornification, cornu, lamellicorn, longicorn, tricorn, unicorn
cras, crastinus "tomorrow" procrastinate
creare, creo "to make, create" create, creation, creationism, creationist, creative, creativity, creativeness, creator, creature, recreate, recreation, recreational
credere, credo "to lend, loan, believe, trust, accept as true" credence, credential, credibility, credible, credit, creditable, creditor, credo, credulous, creed, grant, incredible, incredulous, miscreant, recreant
cremare, cremo "to burn to ashes" cremate, cremation, crematorium, crematory
crepare, crepo "to rattle, rustle, clatter; etc." crepitant, crepitate, crepitation, decrepit, decrepitude, discrepancy, discrepant
crescere, cresco "to grow" accresce, accrescence, accrescent, accrete, accretion, accretive, accrue, concrete, increase, decrease, crescence, crescendo, crescent, crescentic, crew
criterion, criterium "a test, a means of judging" criterion
criticus "capable of judging" (from Greek) critic, critical, criticize, criticism, critique
crūx, crūcis "cross, crucifix, torment, tormentor" cross, crucial, cruciate, crucifer, crucifixion, cruciform, crucify, cruise, cruiser, crusade, crusader crux, excruciate
culpa "guilt" culpability, culpable, culprit, exculpate, exculpation, exculpatory, felix culpa
cumulus "heap" accumulate, accumulation, accumulator, cumulus
cura "care" accuracy, accurate, curable, curate, curation, curator, curative, cure, curio, curious, curiosity, inaccuracy, inaccurate, incurable, insecure, insecurity, proctor, proctorial, proctorship, procurator, procure, procurement, procurer, procuress, secure, securitization, securitize, security
currere, curro "to run (hard, over), traverse, pass, skim over" concourse, concur, concurrency, concurrent, corral, corrida, corrido, corridor, corsair, courante, courier, course, current, currency, cursive, cursor, cursory, curule, decurrent, discourse, excursion, hussar, incur, intercourse, kraal, occur, occurrence, percurrent, precursor, recourse, recur, recurrence, recurrent, recursion, recursive, recursiveness, recursivity, succor
curvus "bent, crooked, curved" curb, curvaceous, curvature, curve, curvy

D

damnum "loss" condemn, condemnable, condemnation, damage, damn, damnable, damnation, damnify, indemnify, indemnity
dare, do "to give" betray, betrayal, betrayer, date, dative, datum, tradition, traditional, traitor, traitorous, treason, treasonable
dens "tooth" dental, dentist, dentistry, denture, indent, indentation, outdent, trident, unindent
desiderare, desidero "to desire" desiderate, desirable, desire, desirous
deterior "worse" deteriorate, deterioration
diēs, diēī "day, time, period, space of time" adjourn, adjournment, circadian, dial, diary, diet, dismal, diurnal, du jour, journal, journey, meridian, postmeridian, quotidian, sojourn
dicere, dico "to say, tell, declare, name" addict, addiction, benediction, condition, conditional, contradict, contradiction, dedicate, dedication, dictate, diction, dictionary, dictum, ditto, ditty, edict, fatidic, herb bennet, indict, indiction, indite, interdict, juridical, jurisdiction, maledict, malediction, malison, predicable, predicament, predicate, predicative, predict, predictable, prediction, predictive, predictor, valediction, verdict, veridical, verdictive, voir dire
dividere, divido "to divide" dividable, divide, dividend, divider, dividual, dividuous, divisibility, divisible, division, divisor, device, devise, individual, individualism, individualist, individuality, individualize, indivisibility, indivisible
divus "a god" divination, divine, diviner, divinity
docere, doceo "to teach" docent, docile, doctor, doctorate, doctrinaire, doctrinal, doctrine, document, documentary, indoctrinate
dolere, doleo "to hurt, suffer, feel pain" condolence, dolent, indolence, indolency, indolent
dolor "pain" dolor, dolorous
domina, dominae "mistress of the house, lady, owner, sweetheart, wife" derivatives at dominus
dominus "owner, proprietor, master, ruler, lord" belladonna, dame, Dan, danger, Dom, domain, dominate, dominical, dominie, dominion, domino, domino, don, Donna, duende, dungeon, madam, Madame, Mademoiselle, madonna, predominate
domus "a farmstead with its people, plants and animals" dome, domestic, domicile, majordomo
dormire, dormio "to sleep" dorm, dormancy, dormant, dormition, dormitive, dormitory
ducere, duco "to lead, bring" abduce, abduction, adduce, adducible, adduction, adductive, adductor, conduce, conduct, conducive, conduction, conductor, deduce, deducible, deduct, deduction, deductive, duct, ductile, duction, induce, inductor, induction, inductive, introduce, introduction, introductory, produce, product, producer, production, productive, productiveness, reduce, reducibility, reducible, reductant, reduction, seduce, seducement, seducer, seduction, seductive, seductress, transduce, transduction

E

emere, emo "to buy" ademption, ensample, example, exemplar, exemplary, exemplification, exemplify, exemplum, exempt, exemption, impromptu, peremptory, preempt, preemption, preemptive, preemptor, preemptory, premium, prompt, pronto, ransom, redeem, redemption, sample, vintage
equus, equi "horse" equine, equestrian, equitation
errare, erro "to wander, stray, err, mistake" aberr, aberrance, aberrant, aberrate, aberration, aberrational, err, erratic, erratum, erroneous, error
esse, sum "to be" absence, absent, absenteeism, essence, essential, essentialism, presence, present, presentation, quintessential
examen "the tongue of a balance, a weighing" (> examinare) exam, examination, examine, examinee, examiner
excellere, excello "to raise, elevate" excel, excellence, excellent, excelsior
expedire, expedio "to bring forward, dispatch, expedite" expede, expedience, expediency, expedient, expedite, expedition

F

faber "a workman" fabric, fabricate, fabrication, forge, forger, forgery, reforge
facere, facio "to make" affect, affectation, affective, affection, affectionate, affecter, defect, defective, defection, defector, deficiency, deficient, deficit, effect, effectiveness, effectivity, effector, effectual, effectuate, efficacious, efficacity, efficacy, efficiency, efficient, facile, facility, facilitate, fact, factor, factorization, faction, factoid, factorial, factory, factual, fashion, fashionable, -fy, infect, infection, infectious, prefect
fallere, fallo "to deceive" (> falsus) fail, failure, fallacy, fallacious, fallibilist, fallibilism, fallibility, fallible, false, falsifiable, falsification, falsificator, falsifier, falsify, falsity
familia "the servants in a household" (from famulus) family, familiar, familiarity, familiarize
fateri, fateor "to confess, acknowledge" confess, confession, confessional, confessor, profess, profession, professional, professor
favere, faveo "to be well disposed or inclined toward, favor" favor, favorability, favorable, favorite, favoritism, unfavorable, unfavorite
femina, feminae "female, woman" effeminate, female, feme, feminine, femme, femme fatale
fendere, fendo "to strike" defend, defender, defense, defensive, fence, fend, offend, offense, offensive
ferre, fero "to bear, place" afferent, circumference, confer, conference, defer, deference, differ, different, differentiate, efferent, fertile, infer, inference, offer, prefer, preference, preferential, proffer, relatable, relate, relative, relation, relativeness, relativist, relativism, relativity, refer, reference, referent, suffer, transfer, vociferous
ferus "wild, savage" ferity, ferocious, ferocity, fierce
fibra "fiber, filament" defibrillate, defibrillation, fibre, fibril, fibrillar, fibrillate, fibrillation, fibrous
fidere, fido "to trust" confidant, confide, confidence, confident, confidential, defiance, defiant, defy, diffidence, diffident, faith, faithful, faithless, fidelitous, fidelity, infidel, infidelity, nullifidian, solifidian
fingere, fingo "to make, form, feign" configure, configuration, faint, feign, feint, fiction, fictional, fictitious, figment, figure, figurative, figurine, prefigure
finis "limit, end" final, finale, finalist, finalize, finalization, finish, finitary, finite, finiteness, infinite, infinitesimal, infinity, transfinite, unfinished
firmus "firm" affirm, affirmation, affirmative, confirm, confirmation, confirmative, firm, firmness, infirm, infirmity
fiscus "basket, purse, chest, treasury" confiscate, fiscal
flectere, flecto "to bend, bow, curve, turn around" deflect, deflection, deflective, fletch, fletcher, flex, flexible, flexibility, inflect, inflection, inflexion, reflect, reflective, reflectivity, reflex, reflexion, reflexive, reflexivity
fligere "to strike" afflict, conflict, inflict
flōs, flōris "flower, bud, blossom, best of (something)" cauliflower, deflower, effloresce, enfleurage, ferret, flora, Flora, floral, floret, floriated, florid, florigen, florin, florist, –florous, flour, flourish, flower, millefleur
fluere, fluo "to flow, stream, pour" affluence, affluent, confluence, confluent, conflux, effluence, effluent, effluvium, efflux, effluxion, fluctuate, fluctuation, fluency, fluent, fluid, flux, influence, influx, refluent, reflux
focus, focī "fireplace, hearth" focal, focus
fōns, fontis "spring, fountain, source, origin" font, fountain
forma, formae "form, shape, figure, beauty" (> formare) conform, conformance, conformity, deform, deformation, deformity, form, formal, formality, formalize, formalization, formalism, format, formation, formative, formula, formulaic, formulate, formulation, formulary, inform, information, informant, informer, reform, reformation, reformer, transform, transformation, transformer
fortis "strong, powerful" enforce, enforcement, force, forceful, forcefulness, fort, fortify, fortification, fortress
fortuitus "happening by chance" fortuitous, fortuity
fortuna "fortune, luck" fortunate, fortune, unfortunate
frangere, frango "to break" anfractuous, chamfer, defray, diffraction, fractal, fraction, fractional, fractious, fracture, fragile, fragility, fragment, frail, frailty, frangible, infrangible, infringe, irrefrangible, refract, refraction, refractive, refrain, sassafras, saxifrage
fraus "a cheating, fraud; delusion, error" defraud, defraudation, defrauder, fraud, fraudster, fraudulence, fraudulent
frequens "frequent, crowded" frequency, frequent, frequentative, infrequent
frons, frontis "forehead, brow, front (of something)" affront, confront, confrontation, effrontery, front, frontal, frontispiece
fugere, fugio "to flee" centrifuge, fugitive, refuge, refugee, refugeehood, refugium, subterfuge
fumare "smoke" fume, fumigate, fumigation, perfume
fundere, fundo "to pour out, shed" confound, confuse, confusion, diffuse, diffusion, effuse, effusive, infuse, infusion, found, fuse, fusion, profuse,profusion, refund, refuse, transfuse, transfusion
fundus "bottom, base, foundation" (> fundare) found, foundation, fund, fundamental, fundament, profound, profundity
fungi, fungor "to perform or execute" dysfunction, dysfunctional, function, functional, functionalist, functionalism, functor, fungible, malfunction
fuscus "dark" obfuscate, subfusc

G

gaudere, gaudeo "to rejoice" enjoy, enjoyable, enjoyment, gaud, gaudy, joy, joyful, rejoice, unenjoyable
genus "a kind, race, family" gender, general, generalize, generalization, generality, generate, generation, genus, generic
gerere, gero "to bear, carry, refl. bear oneself, behave, act" congest, congestion, decongestant, digest, digestion, digestive, gerund, gerundive, gesticulate, gesticulation, gesticulative, gestural, gesture, indigestion, ingest, ingestion, preregister, preregistration, register, registrar, registration, registry, suggest, suggestion, suggestive
gignere, gigno "to beget, produce" engine, engineer, genital, genitive, genius, genial, ingenious, ingeniosity
globus "globe" global, globalism, globalist, globalization, globalize, globe, globose, globous, globular, globule, globulin, hemoglobin
glomus "ball" agglomerate, agglomeration, conglomerate, conglomeration
gradi, gradior "to walk, go" (> gradus) aggress, aggression, aggressive, aggressiveness, aggressor, congress, degree, egress, egression, gradable, gradation, grade, gradient, gradual, graduality, graduate, graduation, ingredient, ingress, postgraduate, progress, progressive, progression, regress, regressive, regression, transgress, transgression, transgressive, transgressor, undergraduate
granum "grain" coarse-grained, fine-grained, grosgrain, grain, granary, granular, granularity, granulate, granulation, granum
gravis "heavy" aggravate, aggravation, aggrieve, grave, graveness, gravid, gravidity, gravitation, gravity, grief, grievance, grievant, grieve, grievous
grex "flock, herd, drove, swarm" aggregate, aggregation, congregate, congregation, gregarious
gurges "a raging abyss, whirlpool" ingurgitate, ingurgitation, regurgitate, regurgitation

H

habere, habeo "to have, hold" able, cohabit, exhibit, exhibition, exhibitor, habile, habit, habitable, habitant, habitat, habituation, inhabit, inhabitable, inhabitant, inhibit, inhibitory, malady, prohibit, prohibition, prohibitive
haerere, haereo "stick, cleave, adhere" adhere, adherent, cohere, coherence, coherent, hesitant, hesitate, hesitation, inhere, inherence, inherent
halare, halo "to breathe" exhale, exhalation, inhale, inhaler, inhalation
homō, hominis "human being, man, person, humankind" bonhomie, bonhomous, homage, hombre, homicide, hominid, homo, homunculus, human, humane, humanist, humanistic, humanism, humanity, humanitarian, humanitarianism, inhuman, inhumane, ombre
hospes "host, guest" hospitable, hospital, hospitality, host, hostel, hosteler, hostelry, hostess, hostler, hotel, hotelier
horrere, horreo "to stand on end, shiver" horrendous, horrid, horrific, horrify, horrible, horror, ordure

I

iacere, iacio "to throw" abject, abjectness, inject, injection, interjection, introject, introjection, object, objective, objection, objectionable, objectivism, objectivist, project, projectile, projection, projective, reject, rejection, rejective, subject, subjection, subjective, subjectivism, subjectivist, surjection, surjective
imago "a copy, likeness, image" image, imagery, imaginable, imaginary, imagination, imaginative, imagine
initium "beginning" initiate, initial
imitari "to copy, portray, imitate" imitate, imitation, imitator, imitative
insula "island" insular, insulate, insulator, insulation, isolatable, isolate, isolated, isolating, isolation, isolationism, isolative, isolator, peninsula, peninsulate
ire, eo "to go" commence, commencement, initial, initialism, initialization, initialize, initiate, initiation, initiative
iterum "again" iterate, iteration, iterative, iterator, reiterate, reiteration, reiterative, reiterator
iudex "judge" (from ius) judicial, judicious, judge, judgement, judgemental
iugum "yoke" abjugate, conjugal, conjugate, conjugation, jugal, jugular, subjugal, subjugate, subjugation
iungere, iungo "to join, yoke" conjoin, conjunction, disjoin, disjunction, interjoin, interjunction, join, junction, juncture
ius, iuris "law" abjure, adjure, conjure, injury, jural, juridical, jurisconsult, jurisdiction, jurisprudence, jurist, jury, just, justice, nonjuror, objurgate, perjure
iuvare, iuvo "to help" adjutant, adjutor, adjutory, adjutrix, adjuvant, aid, aidance, aidant, aide

L

labi, labor "to slip" collapse, elapse, illapse, labile, lability, lapse, relapse
labor "labor, toil, work, exertion" belabor, collaborate, collaboration, collaborative, elaborate, elaboration, labor, laborer, laborious, laboratory
lacere, lacio "to allure, entice" delectable, delicacy, delicate, delicatessen, delicious, delight, delightful, dilettante
languere, langueo "to be faint, weak" languid, languish, languor, languorous
latus "broad, wide" latifundium, latitude, latitudinal, latitudinarian
latus "side" lateral, bilateral, collateral, collateralizable, collateralization, collateralize, equilateral, quadrilateral, trilateral, unilateral
laus "praise, glory, fame, reknown" laud, laudable, laudability, laudative, laudator, laudatory
lavare, lavo "to wash" launder, laundry, lavatory, lave, lavish, lotion
laxus "wide, roomy, loose" lax, laxity, relax, relaxation
legere, lego "to gather, select; to read" coil, collect, collection, collective, diligence, diligent, intellect, intellectual, intellectualism, intelligence, intelligent, intelligibility, intelligible, lection, lecture, lecture, legend, legendary, legibility, legible, legion, lesson, neglect, neglectful, negligée, negligence, negligent, negligible
levis "light" alleviate, alleviation, alleviator, elevate, elevation, elevator, levant, lever, leviate, levitation, levity, levy, relevant, relief, relieve
lēx, lēgis "law, motion, bill, statute, rule" illegitimate, legal, legislate, legislation, legislative, legislator, legislature, legist, legit, legitimate, lex, loyal, privilege
liber "free" liberal, liberalism, liberate, liberation, libertarian, libertarianism, libertine, liberty
liber "book" libel, librarian, library
libra "pound, balance" deliberate, deliberation, equilibrium, librate, libration
licere, licet "to be allowed, be allowable" illicit, illicitness, licence, license, licensee, licensor
ligare, ligo "to tie, bind" alliance, alloy, ally, disoblige, lien, league, ligament, ligamental, ligation, ligature, obbligato, obligate, obligation, obligational, obligator, obligatory, oblige, obligee, obliger, obligor
limen "threshold" preliminary
limes "cross-path, boundary, border, limit" delimit, limit, limitation
lingua "tongue, speech, language" language, linguist, linguistic, linguistics, lingua franca
linquere, linquo "to leave" delict, delinquency, delinquent, derelict, relic, relict, relinquish, reliquary
līnum "flax, linen, thread" align, crinoline, leno, line, line, lineage, linen, lingerie, linnet, linseed, lint
liquere "to be liquid, be fluid" liquid, liquidate, liquidation, liquidity, liquidizer, liquor, liquefiable, liquefy
littera "letter of the alphabet" illiteracy, illiterate, literal, literalness, literacy, literary, literate, literature, obliterate, obliteration, transliterable, transliterate, transliteration, transliterator
locus, locī "place, site, spot" allocate, allocation, dislocate, dislocation, local, locality, localization, localize, locate, location, locative, locator, relocate, relocation
longus "long" longevity, longevous, longitude, longitudinal, oblong, prolong, prolongation
loqui, loquor "to speak" colloquial, colloquialism, colloquium, eloquence, eloquent, grandiloquence, grandiloquent, illocution, interlocutor, locution, loquacious, loquaciousness, loquacity, magniloquence, magniloquent, perlocution
lucere, luco "to shine" (> lustrum) elucidate, illustrate, illustration, illustrious, lucent, lucid, lucidity, luster, pellucid, relucent, translucent
luctari, luctor "to struggle" obluctation, reluctance, reluctant, ineluctable
ludere, ludo "to play, mimic, deceive" allude, allusion, collude, collusion, delude, delusion, elude, elusive, illusion, interlude, ludic, ludicrous, prelude, prolusion
luere "to wash" diluent, dilutant, dilute, dilution, diluvium
lugere, lugeo "to mourn, grieve, lament" lugubrious
lumen "light" abluminal, adluminal, intraluminal, lumen, luminal, luminescence, luminescent, luminous, luminosity, illuminate, illumination, luminary, luminate, phillumenist, phillumeny
luna, lunae "moon, month, night, crescent" cislunar, Luna, lunar, lunate, lunatic, lune, lunula, mezzaluna, sublunar, sublunary, translunar
lupus, lupī "wolf" lobo, loup-garou, lupine, lupus, robalo
lux "light"
luxus "entravagance, excess" luxurious, luxury

M

machina "a machine, engine, contrivance, device, stratagem, trick" (from Greek) deus ex machina, machinate, machination, machine, machinery, mechanic, mechanical, mechanism, mechanistic, machinate, machination
magnus "great" magnanimous, magnate, magnificence, magnificent, magnify, magnitude
malleus "hammer, mallet" malleable, malleability, malleate, mallet, malleus
malus "bad" mal-, malady, malediction, malefaction, malefactor, malevolent, malice, malicious, malign, malignant
mandare, mando "to commit, intrust, enjoin" command, commandeer, commander, commandment, commend, commendable, mandate, mandator, mandatory, recommend, recommendable, recommendation, recommender
manere, maneo "to stay, remain" immanence, immanent, manor, manse, mansion, ménage, permanency, permanent, remain, remainder, remanence
manus "hand" emancipate, manage, manager, managerial, manual, manufacture, manuscript
mare, maris "sea, saltwater" Beche-de-mer, cormorant, maar, mare, mariculture, marinara, marinate, marine, Marines, maritime, ormer, submarine, ultramarine
mas "male" emasculate, emasculation, emasculator, emasculatory, male, masculine, masculinity
māter, mātris "mother" alma mater, madrepore, mater, maternal, maternity, matriculation, matrimony, matrix, matron
mederi, medeor "to heal" medic, medical, medicament, medicate, medicinal, medicine, premedication, remedy
medius "middle" immediate, immediacy, intermediate, mean, medial, median, mediate, mediation, mediator, median, mediocre, mediocrity, medium
melior "better" ameliorate, amelioration, meliorate
membrum "limb" dismember, dismemberment, member, membership
memor "mindful, remembering" commemorate, commemoration, commemorative, countermemo, immemorial, memo, memoir, memoization, memoize, memorable, memorandum, memorate, memorization, memorize, memory, memorial, remember, remembrance, rememberer
mens "the mind" mental, mentalese, mentalism, mentalist, mentality
merere, mereo "to earn, deserve, merit, obtain" demerit, merit, meritorious, meritocracy
mergere "to dive, dip, immerse, sink in" emerge, emergent, emergence, emergency, immerse, immersion, immersive, merge, submerge, submersion
merx "merchandise" commerce, commercial, commercialism, commercialize, market, marketable, marketeer, marketing, mart, mercantile, mercantilism, merchandise, merchant, merchantable, mercenary, mercy
minium "red lead" miniature, miniaturization, miniaturize
minor "lesser, smaller" minor, minority, minus, minuscule
minuere, minuo "to make smaller" diminish, diminutive, minute, minutia
miser "wretched, unfortunate" miser, miserable, miserablism, miserablist, miserliness, miserly, misery
mitis "soft" mitigant, mitigate, mitigation, unmitigated
mittere, mitto "to send" admission, admit, commission, commit, commitment, compromise, demit, demise, demiss, demission, dismiss, dismission, emit, emission, intermission, intermit, intermittent, mess, message, messenger, mission, missionary, missile, missive, permit, permission, permissive, promise, reemission, reemit, remissible, remission, remit, remittance, remittent, remitter, submit, submission, submissive, transmit, transmission
modus, modī "measure, size, limit, manner, harmony, melody" accomodate, accommodation, commode, commodious, commodity, modal, modality, mode, model, modern, modernism, modicum, modifier, modify, modular, modularity, modulate, modulation, modulator, module, modulus, mold, mood, moulage, postmodern, postmodernism
monere, moneo "to warn, admonish, remind" (> monstrare) admonish, admonition, admonitory, demonstrable, demonstrate, demonstration, monish, monition, monitor, monument, monster, muster, premonition, remonstrate, remonstration, summon
mora "delay, duration of time" moratorium, moraic, monomoraic, mora, bimoraic, commorancy, commorant, commorance, moratory
morbus "disease" comorbidity, morbilli, morbid, morbidity, morbidness, morbific
mors "death" amortization, amortize, immortal, immortality, mortal, mortality, mortification, mortify
movere, moveo "to move" amotion, amove, commotion, commutation, commutative, commute, demote, demotivate, demotivation, emotion, emotional, emotive, immutable, immutability, mob, mobile, mobility, mobilize, mobilization, moment, motile, motion, motivation, motivate, motive, motor, move, movement, mutable, mutability, mutant, mutate, mutation, permutation, permute, promote, promotion, removal, remove, transmutable, transmutant, transmutation, transmute
mulgere, mulgeo "to milk" emulsify, emulsion
munire "to defend" ammo, ammunition, munition
munus "service; obligation" munificence, munificent, municipal, municipality, remunerable, remunerate, remuneration
mus "mouse" muscle, muscular, muscularity, musculature, musculocutaneous, musculophrenic, musculospiral, musophobia, mussel
musca "a fly" mosquito, muscarine

N

nasci, nascor "to arise, be born, originate" antenatal, cognate, innate, nascent, natal, nation, national, nationality, native, nativity, nativization, nativism, natural, nature, naturism, naturalism, postnatal, prenatal
navis "ship" naval, navigate, navigation, navigator, navy
necesse "unavoidable, inevitable, indispensable" necessariness, necessary, necessitate, necessitation, necessitousness, necessitude, necessity
nectere, necto "to bind, tie" annex, annexable, annexure, annexation, annexational, connect, connection, connective, connectivity, connector, disconnect, nexus
nervus "sinew" innervate, innervation, nerve, nervous, nervousness, nervosity
nihil, contracted to nīl (indeclinable) "nothing" annihilate, nihilism, nihility, nil
nocere, noceo "to hurt, injure" innocence, innocent, nocent, noxious, nuisance, obnoxious
nōmen, nōminis "name, clan/middle name, reputation, title" agnomen, binomial, cognomen, denomination, ignominy, misnomer, nomenclator, nomenclature, nominal, nominate, noun, nuncupative, praenomen, pronoun, renown
noscere, nosco "to know" acquaint, acquaintance, cognition, cognitive, cognizant, cognizance, cognize, cognizor, cognosce, connoisseur, ignorable, ignorance, ignorant, ignore, incognito, precognition, recognize, recognition, quaint
novus "new" innovate, innovative, innovation, innovatory, novel, novelist, novelization, novelize, novelty, novice, novitiate, renovate, renovation, renovator
numerus "number" enumerate, enumeration, number, numeracy, numerary, numeral, numerate, numerator, numeric, numerical, supernumerary
nuntius "messenger" announce, announcement, annunciate, annunciation, denounce, denouncement, denouncer, enounce, enunciate, internuncio, nuncio, pronounce, pronouncement, pronouncer, pronunciation, renounce, renouncement, renouncer
nota "mark, sign" annote, annotation, annotator, connote, connotation, denote, denotation, notable, notability, notary, notate, notation, notational, note, notice, noticeable, reannotate
nutrire "to suckle, nourish, foster" nourish, nourishment, nurse, nursery, nutrient, nutriment, nutrition, nutritional, nutritious, nutritive

O

oculus, oculī "eye, bud (of a plant), vision, mind's eye" antler, eyelet, inoculate, monocle, ocellus, ocular, oculist, oculomotor, oculus, pinochle, trompe l'oeil, ullage
odium "hatred" odious, odiousness, odium
odor "smell" deodorant, malodor, malodorous, odor, odorant, odorous, reodorant
oleum "oil, olive oil" (from Ancient Greek) indole, linoleum, oil, oleic, oleum, petroleum
onus, oneris "burden, load, trouble, fetus" exonerate, onerous, onus
opacus "shaded, shady, dark" opacity, opaque, opaqueness
opinari, opinor "to suppose, deem, think" opination, opine, opinion, opinionated
optare, opto "to choose, select" adopt, adoptee, adoption, adoptive, co-opt, co-optation, co-option, opt, option, optionable, optional
optimus "best, very good" optimal, optimality, optimate, optime, optimism, optimist, optimistic, optimity, optimization, optimize, optimum, suboptimal, superoptimal
opus, operis "work" co-op, co-operation, cooperative, hors d'oeuvre, inure, maneuver, manure, oeuvre, officinal, opera, operable, operation, operand, operant, operate, operational, operative, operator, operose, opus, stover
orare, oro "to speak" orate, oration, orator, oratory
orbis "circle, wheel, disk, the disk or orb of the sun or moon" orb, orbit, orbital
ordo "order" ordain, order, ordinal, ordinance, ordinary, ordinate, ordination, ordnance, ordonnance, subordinate, subordination, superordinate, superordination
oriri "to rise" orient, orientate, orientation, orienteer, origin, originate, originator, origination, original
orcus "hellish" orc, ogre, ogress

P

palpare, palpo "to touch softly, stroke, pat" palp, palpability, palpable, palpate, palpation, palpiform, palpitate, palpitation
pandere, pando "to strech" expand, expandable, expander, expanse, expansible, expansile, expansion, expansive, pace, pacer, pass, passage, passenger, passport, surpass, trespass
pangere, pango "to fasten" compact, compaction, impact, impactful, impaction, impinge, impingement
pānis, pānis "bread, loaf of bread" accompaniment, accompany, appanage, companion, company, panada, panatela, panic grass, pannier, panocha, pantry, pastille, penuche
par "equal" compare, comparable, comparison, comparative, on a par with, parity
parare, paro "to prepare, provide" disrepair, empress, emperor, empire, imperial, imperialism, imperialist, imperium, parable, pare, prepare, preparation, preparatory, preparative, repair, repairable, reparable, repairer, reparation, reparatory
parere, pareo "to appear, come to light" apparent, appear, appearance, disappear, transparency, transparent
parere, pario "to give birth, produce" parent, parental
pars, partis "part, portion, share, fraction, side" apartment, bipartite, compart, compartment, depart, department, departure, impart, impartial, impartiality, parcel, parcener, parse, part, partial, partiality, participate, participation, participatory, participle, particle, particular, partisan, partita, partitive, partner, partnership, party, repartee
pater, patris "father" compadre, compatriot, expatriate, goombah, padre, pater, paternal, paternalist, paternalism, patri-, patriate, patriation, patriot, patriotism, patriotic, patrician, patrimony, patron, père, repatriate, repatriation
patrare "to perform" perpetrate, perpetration, perpetrator
pauper "poor" impoverish, impoverishment, pauper, pauperdom, pauperism, pauperize, poor, poverty
pausa "pause" pause, pose, repose
pāx, pācis "peace, treaty, compact, agreement" appease, appeasement, pace, pax, pay, peace, pacific, pacify
peior "worse" impair, impairment, pejoration, pejorative
pellere, pello "to drive" appeal, compel, compellation, compulsion, compulsive, compulsory, dispel, expel, impel, impulse, impulsion, impulsive, impulsor peal, pelt, poussette, propel, propeller, pulsate, pulsation, pulsar, pulse, push, repel, repellent, repulse, repulsive, repulsion
pendere, pendo "to hang" append, appendage, appendix, depend, dependable, dependence, dispend, expend, expenditure, prepend, spend, suspend, suspension
pendere, pendo "to weigh" dispend, dispensable, dispensation, dispensative, dispensatory, dispense, ponder, ponderous, preponder, preponderance, preponderant, preponderate
persōna, persōnae "mask, role, person" probably from Etruscan phersu "mask" impersonate, person, personable, personality, personalize
petere, peto "to seek, pursue" appetency, appetent, appetite, appetitive, appetizer, centripetal, compete, competition, competitive, competitiveness, impetigo, impetuous, impetus, perpetual, perpetuate, perpetuation, petition, petulant, repeat, repetition, repetitive, repetitiveness
pingere, pingo "to portray" depict, depiction, paint, painter, painting, picture, pictorial, picturesque, pigment, pigmentary, pigmentation, repaint
pīla, pīlae "pillar, pier" pile (heap), pillar
pīlum "spear, pestle" pile (foundation of a structure)
pilus "hair" pile, depilation, depilatory
plangere "to strike, beat, as the breast in extreme grief, bewail" complain, plangent, plaint, plaintiff, plaintive
planus "level, plain" explain, explanation, explanatory, plain, plan, planar, plane, planner
plaudere, plaudo "to clap, applaud" applaud, applause, explode, explosion, explosive, implode, implosion, implosive, plaudit, plausibility, plausible
plectere "to weave, braid" complex, complexity
plenus "full" plenty
plere "to fill" complete, completion, complement, complementary, compliment, compliance, compliant, comply, deplete, depletion, replete, repletion, supplier, supplement, supply
plicare, plico "to fold, weave, knit" appliance, applicant, application, applicable, applicability, apply, complicate, complication, explicit, explicate, explication, explicator, implicate, implicative, implicit, implicitness, implication, imply, plier, ply, simple, simpleton, simplex, simplicity, simplification, simplify
plus "more" plural, plurality, pluralism, plus
poena "punishment, pain" impune, impunity, pain, penal, penalize, penalty, penance, penitence, penitent, punish, punishable, punishment, penitant, penitence, punitive, repent, repentance, subpoena
polire "to polish" polish, polite, politeness
politia "the state" police, policy, polity
politicus "pertaining to the state" politic, political, politician, politicize
polluere, polluo "to soil, defile" pollutant, pollute, polluter, pollution
polus "pole" bipolar, polar, polarity, polarize, polarization, pole
ponere, pono "to set, place" appose, apposition, component, compose, composition, compound, deponent, deposit, deposition, depositor, depository, disposal, dispose, disposition, exponent, expose, exposition, expound, impose, imposition, opponent, oppose, opposition, pose, posit, position, positive, positivity, posture, postural, proponent, proposal, propose, proposition, propound, suppose, supposition, transpose, transposition
populus, populī "people, ation, public, crowd" depopulate, depopulation, depopulative, depopulator, people, populace, popular, popularity, populate, population, publican, publication, publicist, publicity, publicize, publish, publishability, publishable, publisher, republic, republican
portare, porto "to carry" comport, deport, deportation, disport, export, exportation, exporter, import, importance, important, importation, importer, port, portability, portable, portage, portamento, portative, porter, portfolio, purport, rapport, report, sport, support, transport, transportation
portio "a share, part, portion" apportion, disproportion, disproportionate, disproportionation, misproportioned, portion, proportion, proportional, proportionate, proportioner
posse, possum "to be able" (from potis) impossibility, impossible, impotence, impotent, possibility, possible, potence, potency, potentate, potential, potentiality, power, powerful, powerless
potare, poto "to drink" poison, poisoner, poisonous, potable, potion
praegnans "pregnant" impregnable, impregnability, impregnate, impregnation, pregnance, pregnancy, pregnant
pravus "crooked, deformed" deprave, depravity, depravation
prehendere, prehendo "to seize, catch, grasp" apprehend, apprehension, apprehensive, apprentice, apprise, comprehend, comprehensibility, comprehensible, comprehension, comprehensive, comprehensiveness, prehensile, prize, reprehend, reprehensible, reprehension
premere "to press, hold fact, cover, crowd" compress, compression, compressor, depress, depression, depressive, express, expression, expressive, expressiveness, impress, impression, imprimatur, imprint, oppress, oppression, oppressive, press, print, reprimand, repress, repression, repressive, sprain, suppress, suppression
primus "first" premier, primary, primate, prime, primer, primeval, primitive, prince, princess, principle, principal, principality
privus "single, every, one's own, private" deprivation, deprive, privacy, private, privation, privatization, privatize, privy
probare, probo "to test, prove" approbate, approbation, approve, approval, probate, probation, probe, proof, provable, prove, reproof, reproval, reprove
proles "offspring" prole, proletariat, proletary, proliferate, proliferation, proliferative, proliferous, prolific, prolificacy
prope "near" approach, approximate, approximation, approximator, proximate, proximity, reproach
propitius "favorable, well-disposed, kind" propitiate, propitiation, propitious, unpropitious
proprius "special, particular, one's own, proper" appropriate, expropriate, expropriation, expropriator, proper, property, propriate, propriety, proprietary
pubes "grown up, of mature age" postpubescent, peripubescent, prepubescent, puberulent, pubescent, puberty, pubes, pubis, pubic
pungere, pungo "to prick, punch" point, pointer, pointless, pointillism, punch, puncheon, punctual, punctuate, puncture, pungent, pungency
purus "clean, free from dirt or filth" depurate, expurgate, impure, impurity, pure, purge, purgation, purgatory, purify, purification, puritan, puritanism, purity, spurge
putare, puto "to estimate, reckon" account, accountability, accountable, accountancy, accountant, computation, compute, computer, count, counter, depute, deputy, disputatious, disputation, dispute, imputation, impute, putative, reputable, reputation, repute

Q

qualis "interrogative: of what kind" quale, qualia, qualification, qualifier, qualify, qualitative, qualitativeness, quality
quantus "interrogative: how much, how many" quanta, quantification, quantifier, quantify, quantitative, quantitativeness, quantity, quantum
quaerere, quaero "to ask, seek" acquire, acquisition, query, quest, question, questionnaire, conquest, conquer, conqueror, inquire, inquiry, inquisition, inquisitive, request, require, requirement, requisite
quiescere, quiesco "to keep quiet, rest" acquiesce, acquiescence, acquiescent, quiesce, quiescence, quiescent, quiet, quietism
quot "how many" misquote, quota, quotable, quotation, quote, quotidian, quotient, quotiety, unquote

R

rabere, rabio "to be mad, rave" enrage, enragement, rabid, rabies, rage
rādīx, radicis "root, radish, foot, base" deracinate, eradication, irradicable, radical, radicality, radicle, radish, radix
radius "staff, rod, spoke of a wheel, a measuring rod, a semidiameter of a circle, a shuttle, spur of a bird, sting of a fish, the radius of the arm; by transfer, a beam of light, a ray" radial, radiate, radiation, radius, ray
ramus, ramī "branch, bough, genealogical branch" ramification, ramify, ramose, ramus
recuperare, recupero "to get again, regain, recover; to revive, restore" recover, recovery, recuperate, recuperation, recuperative
regere, rego "to rule, govern" address, addressable, deregulate, deregulation, direct, direction, director, directorate, directorial, dirigible, dirigisme, dirigist, dirigiste, downregulate, downregulation, dress, dresser, indirect, indirection, irregular, rector, redress, regent, regime, regimen, region, regular, regulate, regulation, regularity, regularly, rule, ruler, undress, upregulate, upregulation
reri, reor "to think, deem, judge" rate, ratifier, ratify, ratification, ratio, ration, rational, rationale, rationalism, rationalist, rationalization, rationalize, reason
rēs, (reī, rēī) "thing, matter, affair, object, circumstance" re, real, really, realistic, realist, reality, rebus, reify, republic, republican, res
rēx, rēgis "king" real, regal, regicide, regius professor, regulus, reign, rial, riyal, royal, vicereine, viceroy
ridere, rideo "to laugh at" deride, derision, derisive, ridicule, ridiculous, risible
rigere, rigeo "to be rigid" rigid, rigidity, rigidness, rigor, rigorous, rigorousness
ripa "a bank of a stream" arrive, arrival, river
rivus "a stream" derive, derivation, derivative, rival, rivalry, rivulet
robur "strength" corroborate, corroboration, corroborator, robust
rogare, rogo "to ask for, to propose a law" abrogate, abrogation, arrogance, arrogant, arrogate, derogate, derogatory, derogation, derogative, interrogate, interrogation, interrogative, interrogator, interrogatory, prerogative, prorogue, rogation, rogatory, subrogate, supererogate
rumpere, rumpo "to burst, break" abrupt, bankrupt, bankruptcy, corrupt, corruption, disrupt, disruption, disruptive, erupt, eruption, interrupt, interruption, irrupt, rout, rupicolous, rupture
rota "a wheel" rotatable, rotate, rotation, rotor, rotund, rotunda, round
ruber "red" & rubeo "be red" erubescence, erubescent, rubefacient, rubella, rubeola, rubescence, rubescent, rubicund, rubric, ruby
rūs, rūris "countryside, fields, farm, estate" rural, rustic

S

sacer "sacred" consecrate, consecration, consecrator, desecrate, desecration, desecrator, execrable, execrate, execration, sacral, sacrament, sacred, sacrifice, sacrificial, sacrilege
saeculum, saecula "generation, age" secular
salire, salio "to jump" assault, consilient, resilience, resilient, salience, saliency, salient, saltate, saltation, saltationism, sault, somersault
salus "health" salubrious, salutary, salutation, salute
salvus "safe" safe, safety, sage, salvage, salvageable, salvager, salvation, salvia, save, savings, unsalvageable
sancire, sancio "to render sacred, make holy" saint, sanctuary
sanguis "blood" consanguineous, consanguine, consanguineal, consanguinity, exsanguinate, sangaree, sangria, sanguine, sanguinary
sanus "sound in body; sound in mind" insane, insanity, sane, sanatorium, sanitary, sanitarium, sanitation, sanity
sapere, sapio "to taste, to discern, to be wise" sapid, sage, savant, savor, sapient
satelles, satellitis "bodyguard, attendant, sentinel" possibly from Etruscan satellite
scandere, scando "to climb" ascend, ascent, ascendant, ascendance, ascendancy, ascendency, ascending, ascender, ascension, descend, descent, condescend, transcend, transcendence, transcendent
scintilla "spark" scintilla, scintillate, scintillation, scintillator, stencil, tinsel
scribere, scribo "to write" ascribe, circumscribe, conscribe, conscript, conscription, describe, description, descriptive, descriptivism, descriptivist, descriptor, inscribe, inscription, prescribe, prescription, prescriptive, proscribe, scribal, scribble, scribe, script, transcribe, transcription
secare, seco "to cut" bisect, dissect, dissection, insect, intersect, intersection, resect, resection, secant, sect, sectarian, section, sector, segment, segmentation, trisect
sedere, sedeo "to sit" assess, assessment, assiduous, assize, dissident, insessorial, insidious, obsess, obsessive, possess, possession, possessive, possessor, preside, president, reside, residence, resident, séance, sedate, sedation, sedative, sedentary, sederunt, sedile, sediment, sedimentary, sedimentation, sessile, session, sewer, siege, subsidiary, subsidy, supersede, surcease
sentire, sentio "to feel, perceive" scent, sensation, sensational, sense, sensible, sensibility, sensitive, sensitiveness, sensor, sensory, sensual, sensuality, sensuous, sentence, sentential, sentience, sentient, sentiment, sentimental
sequi, sequor "to follow" consequence, consequent, consequential, executable, execute, executive, execution, executioner, executor, inconsequential, persecute, persecution, persecutor, prequel, prosecutable, prosecute, prosecution, prosecutor, pursuance, pursuant, pursue, pursuer, pursuit, sequel, sequence, sequent, sequential, subsequent, sue
serere, sero "to join or bind together" assert, assertion, assertive, assertiveness, desert, dissert, dissertation, exert, exertion, exsert, seraglio, insert, insertion, serial, seriate, seriation, series
servare, servo "to hold, keep" conservation, conservationist, conservatism, conservator, conservative, conserve, preserve, preservation, preservative, reservation, reserve
servire, servio "to serve" deserve, servant, serve, server, service, serviceable, servile
severus "severe, serious, grave in demeanor" severe, severity
signum, signī "sign, indication, proof, military standard" assign, consign, consignment, design, designate, designer, insignia, resign, scarlet, scarlatina, seal, segno, sigil, sign
similis "similar" similar, similarity, similarness, simile, simulate, simulacrum, simuland, simulant, simulation, simulator
singulus "single" single, singleton, singular, singularity
sinus "bend, fold, curve" sinus, insinuate, sinusoid
sistere, sisto "to stand, cause to stand, put, set up" (from stare) assist, assistance, assistent, consist, consistence, consistency, desist, exist, existence, insist, insistence, interstice, persist, persistent, persistency, resist, resistance, resistant, subsist, subsistence, subsistent
socius "a companion, fellow, partner, associate, ally" (from sequi) asocial, antisocial, associate, association, associative, associativity, desocialization, desocialize, resocialize, resocialization, sociability, sociable, social, socialism, socialist, sociality, socialization, socialize, societal, society, unsocial
solidus "solid" consolidate, consolidation, consolidator, soldier, solid, solidary, solidarity, solidify, solidity
solvere, solvo "to loosen, relax, solve" (from luere) absolute, absolution, absolve, assoil, dissolve, dissolution, resolve, resolute, resolution, soluble, solute, solution, solvable, solvability solve, solvent, solvency, solver
somnus "sleep" insomnia, insomniac, somnolent, somnolence, somnambulist, somnambulism, somnambulate, somnambulation, somnifacient, somnific, somniloquous, somnipathy
sorbere, sorbeo "to suck in" absorb, absorbent, absorption, absorbable, adsorb, adsorbent, adsorption, desorption, resorb, resorption, resorptive, sorption
spargere "to strew, sprinkle" asperse, aspersion, disperse, dispersion, sparge, sparse, sparseness, sparsity
specere, specio "to look at, behold" aspect, auspice, auspicious, circumspect, conspicuity, conspicuous, despect, despicable, despise, despiser, expect, expectable, expectancy, expectant, expectation, frontispiece, inspect, inspector, inspection, introspect, introspection, introspective, perspective, perspicacious, prospect, prospective, prospector, respecification, respecify, respect, respective, respite, retrospect, retrospection, retrospective, special, specialist, specialize, specialization, speciate, speciation, specie, species, specifiable, specific, specification, specificity, specify, specimen, specious, spectacle, spectacular, spectral, spectrum, speculate, speculation, speculative, speculator, speculum, spice, spy, suspect, transpicuous
spes "hope" (> sperare) despair, desperate, desperation, Esperanto, prosper, prosperity, prosperous
spirare, spiro "to breathe" aspire, aspiration, conspire, conspiration, expire, expiration, expiree, inspire, inspiration, perspire, perspiration, respire, respiration, respiratory, spirit, spiritual, spirituality, sprite, transpire, transpiration
spolium "booty, spoil" despoil, despoilment, despoliation, spoil, spoilage, spoliate, spoliation, spoliator, spoiler
spondere, spondeo "to promise, pledge, vow, vouch (for)" correspond, correspondence, despond, despondent, espouse, respond, response, responsibility, responsible, responsibleness, sponsor, spouse
stare, sto "to stand" arrest, circumstance, constancy, constant, constituent, constitute, constitution, constitutive, contrast, cost, destitute, distance, distant, establish, establishment, estancia, extant, instance, instant, institute, institution, obstacle, obstetric, oust, prostitute, rest, restitute, restitution, restive, stability, stabilize, stabilization, stabilizer, stable, stage, stance, stanch, stanchion, stanza, state, statistics, station, stationary, stative, stator, statue, stature, status, statute, statutory, stay, stet, substance, substantial, substitute, substitution, superstition
stringere "to draw tight, bind, contract" strain, strait, stress, strict, stringent, stringency
struere, struo "to heap up, pile, join together, build" construct, construction, constructive, constructor, destroy, destruct, destruction, destructor, infrastructure, instruct, instruction, instructive, instructor, obstruct, obstruction, restructure, structure, structural, substructure, superstructure
stupere, stupeo "to be amazed or confounded, be struck senseless" stupe, stupefy, stupid, stupidity, stupidness, stupor, stupendous
suadere, suadeo "to recommend, advise" dissuade, dissuasion, dissuasive, persuade, persuasion, persuasive, suasion, suasiveness
subtilis "fine, thin, slender, delicate" subtile, subtle, subtleness, subtlety
sumere, sumo "to take" (contraction of sub- + emō) assume, assumption, consume, consumer, consumerism, consumption, presume, presumption, resume, resumption, subsume, subsumption, sumptuary, sumptuous
super "over, above" (> summa) consummate, consummation, sum, summarize, summarization, summary, summation, summit, super, superior, superiority, supremacy, supreme
surgere, surgo "to rise, get up" resource, resourceful, resurge, resurgence, resurgent, source, surge

T

tacere, taceo "be silent" tacit, taciturn
tangere, tango "to touch" attain, attainment, contact, contagion, contagious, contingency, contingent, intact, integer, integral, integrate, integration, integrity, tact, tactile, tactility, tactual, tangent, tangible
tegere, tego "cover" detect, detection, detective, detector, integument, integumentary, protect, protective, protection, protectionist, protectionism, protector, protectorate, tegument
temnere, temno "to despise" contemn, contemner, contempt, contemptible, contemptuous
templum "temple" contemplate, contemplation, contemplative, templar, template, temple, templet
tendere, tendo "to stretch" attend, attendance, attention, attentive, contend, contention, contentious, extend, extensible, extension, extensive, intend, intense, intensification, intensifier, intensify, intension, intensional, intensity, intensive, intent, intention, ostensible, ostensive, ostentation, ostentatious, portend, portent, portentous, pretend, pretender, pretense, pretension, pretentious, pretentiousness, subtend, tend, tendentious, tendency, tension, tensor, tent
tenere, teneo "to hold" abstain, contain, containable, container, containment, content, continue, detain, detention, entertain, entertainer, entertainment, lieutenant, maintain, maintenance, obtain, pertain, pertinacious, pertinence, rein, retain, retention, retinue, sustain, sustenance, tenable, tenacious, tenant, tenement, tenet, tenon, tenor, tenure, tenuto
tentare "to handle, touch, try, test, tempt" attempt, tentative, tempt, temptation
terere, tero "to rub" attrit, attrite, attritee, attrition, attritor, contrite, contrition, tribulation, trite, triteness
terminus "a bound, boundary, limit, end" determinable, determinant, determination, determine, determiner, determinism, determinist, indeterminacy, indeterminate, interminable, non-determinism, non-deterministic, non-terminal, term, terminate, termination, terminative, terminator, terminus, terminable, terminal, terminality
terra, terrae "earth, land, ground, country, soil" fumitory, inter, Mediterranean, parterre, subterranean, terra, terrace, terracotta, terrain, Terran, terraqueous, terrene, terreplein, terrestrial, terre-verte, terricolous, terrier, terrigenous, territorial, territory, turmeric, verditer
terrere, terreo "to frighten, terrify" deter, deterrence, deterrent, terrible, terrific, terrify, terror, terrorism, terrorist, terrorize
texere, texo "to weave" context, pretext, subtext, text, textual, textile
timere, timeo "to fear" intimidate, intimidation, timid, timidity, timidness, timorous
titulus "title, inscription" disentitle, entitle, entitlement, half-title, mistitle, nontitled, retitle, subtitle, supertitle, surtitle, title, titular, untitled
torpere "be numb or stiff" torpor, torpidity, torpedo
totus "whole, entire" subtotal, total, totality, totalitarian, totalitarianism
toxicum "poison" toxic, toxicity, toxin
trahere, traho "to draw" abstract, abstraction, attract, attraction, attractive, attractor, contract, contraction, contractor, contractual, detract, detraction, detractor, retract, retraction, subtract, subtraction, intractability, intractable, trace, traceable, traceability, tract, tractable, tractability, tractor, treat, treatable, treatment, treatise, treaty
transire, transeo "to go across, pass over, pass through" (from "trans" + "ire") transience, transiency, transient, transition, transitional, transitionary, transitionist, transitive, transitory
tribus "tribe" ( > tribuere) attribute, attributive, attribution, contribute, contribution, contributor, distribute, distribution, distributive, distributor, retribute, retribution, tribal, tribe, tribelet, tribunal, tribune, tributary, tribute
tricae "trifles, toys; hindrances, impediments" extricate, extrication, intricacy, intricate, intrigue, intriguer, intriguery
trudere, trudo "to thrust, push" abstrude, abstruse, intrude, intrusion, intrusive, protrude, protrusible, protrusion
tueri, tueor "to watch, guard, see, observe" intuitional, intuitionism, intuitionist, intuitionistic, intuitive, intuit, tuition, tutelage, tutelar, tutelary, tutor, tutorial

U

ubi "where" ubication, ubiety, ubiquarian, ubiquitin, ubiquitous, ubiquity
ullus "any" annul, annuler, annulment, null, nullification, nullify, nullity
umbra "shade" adumbrate, adumbration, adumbrative, penumbra, somber, sombrero, umbrage, umbrageous, umbrella
uncia, unciae "a twelfth part" inch, ounce, uncial, quincunx
unda "a wave" abound, abundance, inundate, inundation, redound, redundance, redundancy, redundant, surround, undulate, undulation
urgere "to press, push, force, drive, urge" urge, urgency, urgent
uti, utor "to use" abuse, disuse, misuse, peruse, unusual, usage, usance, use, useful, usefulness, user, usual, usufruct, usurious, usurp, usury, utensil, utile, utilitarian, utilitarianism, utility, utilities, utilize, utilization

V

vacare, vaco "to be empty, void" vacancy, vacant, vacate, vacation
vacuus "empty" evacuate, evacuation, vacuity, vacuous, vacuum
vadere, vado "to go, make one's way, advance" evade, evasion, evasive, evasiveness, invade, invader, invasion, invasive, invasiveness, pervade, pervasive, pervasiveness
valere, valeo "to be strong, be worth" ambivalence, ambivalent, avail, countervail, convalesce, equivalent, equivalence, evaluate, evaluation, evaluator, invalid, invalidate, overvalue, overvaluation, prevail, prevalent, prevalence, reevaluate, reevaluation, undervalue, undervaluation, valance, valence, valency, valediction, valetudinary, valiance, valiant, valid, validate, validation, validity, valor, valuable, valuation, value, wield "to handle (something, such as a tool) especially effectively"
vastus "waste, desolate, vast" devastate, devastation, vast
vegere "to move, excite, quicken" vegetable, vegetarian, vegetarianism, vegetate, vegetation, vegetative
vehere, veho "to carry, bear, convey" convect, convection, vector, vehicle, vehicular
velle, volo "to wish, to be willing" benevolence, benevolent, malevolence, malevolent, velleity, volition, volitional, voluntarism, voluntarist, voluntary, volunteer
venenum "poison" venom, venomous
venire, venio "to come" advent, adventitious, adventure, adventurous, avenue, circumvent, contravene, convene, convenient, convent, conventicle, convention, coven, covenant, event, eventful, eventual, intervene, invent, inventive, inventiveness, inventor, inventory, misadventure, parvenu, prevenient, prevent, provenance, provenience, revenant, revenue, souvenir, subvention, uneventful, supervene, venire, venturous, venue
verber "a whip, rod" verberate, verberation, reverberant, reverberate, reverberation, reverberatory
verbum, verba "word, saying, expression, expression, proverb, verb" adverb, adverbial, non-verbal, proverb, proverbial, verb, verbal, verbalization, verbalize, verbatim, verbiage, verbose, verbosity
vergere, vergo "to bend" converge, convergence, convergency, convergent, diverge, divergence, divergency, divergent, verge
verna "a native" vernacular
vertere, verto "to turn" adverse, adversity, anniversary, aversion, avert, bouleversement, controversy, converse, conversion, conversation, convert, diverse, diversion, diversity, divert, evert, extrorse, extroversion, extrovert, introrse, introversion, introvert, inverse, inversion, invert, malversation, obverse, obvert, peevish, pervert, prose, retrorse, reversal, reverse, revert, sinistrorse, subversion, subversive, subvert, tergiversate, transverse, universe, versatile, verse, version, versus, vertebra, vertex, vertigo, vortex
vērus "true" veracious, veracity, verification, verifier, verify, veritable, verity, very
vestigium "footstep, footprint, track, the sole of the foot, a trace, mark" vestige, vestigial, investigate, investigation, investigational, investigative, investigator, investigatory
vestis "garment" devest, devestation, devestator, divest, invest, investor, investment, revet, travesty, vest
vexare, vexo "to disturb, agitate" vex, vexation, vexatious
via "way" convey, conveyable, conveyance, conveyee, conveyer, conveyor, convoy, via, viaduct, viary, viatecture, viatic, viaticals, viaticum, viator
videre, video "to see, look at, consider" advice, advisable, advise, adviser, advisor, advisory, belvedere, clairvoyant, enviable, envy, evidence, evident, improvisation, improvise, interview, interviewer, invidious, previse, provide, provision, provisional, prudence, prudent, purvey, purveyance, purveyor, purview, review, reviewer, revise, revision, revisionism, revisor, supervise, supervision, supervisor, survey, surveyor, television, vide, view, viewer, visa, visage, visibility, visible, vision, visionary, visit, visor, vista, visual, visualization, visualize, voyeur
vigere, vigeo "flourish, thrive, be lively" invigorate, invigoration, reinvigorate, reinvigoration, vigor, vigorous
vigil "awake" invigilate, invigilation, invigilator, vigil, vigilance, vigilant, vigilante
vīlla "country home, farmhouse, homestead" bidonville, nasty, villa, village, villain, villanelle, villein
vincere, vinco "to conquer" convict, conviction, convince, evict, evince, invincible, vanquish, victor, victorious, victory, vincible
vindicare, vindico "to avenge, vindicate, claim, punish" avenge, avengeance, avengement, revanche, revanchist, revenge, venge, vengeance, vengeful, vindicate, vindication, vindictive
vir, virī "man, husband, hero" decemvir, duumvir, triumvirate, virago, virile, virtual, virtuality, virtualization, virtualize, virtue, virtuous, virtuosa, virtuosity, virtuoso
vitium "fault, vice" vice, vicious, vitiate, vitiation, vituperable, vituperant, vituperation, vituperative, vituperator, vituperatory, vituperous
vivere, vivo "to live" convivial, devive, revitalization, revitalize, revival, revive, survival, survive, viability, viable, viand, victual, vital, vitality, viva, vivacious, vivid
volvere, volvo "to roll" convolve, convolute, convoluted, convolution, evolve, evolution, evolutionary, involve, involvement, revolve, revolver, revolution, revolutionary, voluble, volute
vovere, voveo "vow, promise; dedicate or devote to a deity" devote, devotee, devotion, vote, voter, vow
vox "voice" (> vocare) advocacy, advocate, advocation, advocator, advocatory, avocation, convoke, equivocal, equivocation, evoke, invocation, invoke, provocation, provocative, provoke, revoke, unequivocal, univocal, vocable, vocabulary, vocal, vocalize, vocalization, vocation, vocational, voice

Further reading

The American Heritage Dictionary Indo-European Roots Appendix, ahdictionary.com

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